Engineering:Volkswagen Amarok

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Short description: Pickup truck
Volkswagen Amarok
2017 Volkswagen Amarok Highline V6 TDi facelift 3.0.jpg
Overview
ManufacturerVolkswagen Commercial Vehicles
Production2010–present
Body and chassis
ClassMid-size pick-up truck
Body style2-door single cab
4-door double cab
LayoutFront-engine, rear-wheel-drive or four-wheel-drive (4motion)
Chronology
PredecessorVolkswagen Taro
Volkswagen Caddy pickup

The Volkswagen Amarok is a pickup truck produced by Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles since 2010. It is a body-on-frame truck with double-wishbone suspension at the front and leaf springs at the rear.[1] The Amarok range consists of single cab and double cab, combined with either rear-wheel drive or 4motion four-wheel-drive, and is powered by turbocharged petrol or turbocharged direct injection (TDI) diesel engines.

Amarok competes in some global markets with comparable mid-size pickup trucks, such as the Toyota Hilux, Nissan Navara, Mitsubishi L200, Ford Ranger, Isuzu D-Max and Chevrolet/Holden Colorado/S-10.[citation needed] The second-generation Amarok is based on the Ford Ranger.[2]

Between 2010 and 2022, 830,000 units of the first-generation Amarok have been sold.[3]

The name Amarok, referencing a wolf deity in Inuit mythology, was chosen by brand marketing consultants Interbrand; Interbrand also claims the name is associated with the phrase "he loves stones" in Romanic languages in an attempt to allude to the all-terrain performance of the vehicle.[4]

First generation (2010)

First generation
2011 Volkswagen Amarok Highline 4MOTION Diesel 2.0.jpg
Overview
Production2010–2022
2010–2020 (Europe)[5]
Assembly
  • Argentina: General Pacheco (Volkswagen Argentina)[6]
  • Germany: Hannover[7]
    Algeria: Relizane (SOVAC)[8]
  • Ecuador: Quito (Aymesa)[9]
DesignerWalter de Silva
Powertrain
Engine2.0 L I4 TSI (petrol)
2.0 L I4 TDI CR 03L (diesel)
3.0 L V6 TDI CR (diesel)
Transmission6-speed manual
8-speed ZF 8HP automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase3,090–3,095 mm (121.7–121.9 in)
Length5,181–5,254 mm (204.0–206.9 in) (Single, Double Cab)[10]
5,900 mm (232.3 in) (Extended Bed)
Width1,944–2,019 mm (76.5–79.5 in)[10]
Height1,820–1,878 mm (71.7–73.9 in) (Single, Double Cab)[10]
uk|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight1,872–2,324 kg (4,127–5,124 lb)[10]

The Amarok, the first pickup from Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, was presented to the general public in General Pacheco, Argentina , on 7 January 2010. The project dates back from 2005, when Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles announced their intent to build a robust pickup and off-road family of vehicles.[11] It was teased as the Robust Pick-Up concept in September 2008, wrapped in a search and rescue (SAR) vehicle color scheme; the design was said to be 95 percent resembling the production version.[12][unreliable source?]

Following the launch in Argentina, the Amarok was a key support vehicle in the 2010 Dakar Rally, with 45 having been used.[13]

The Amarok is currently being produced in the Volkswagen Group plant in General Pacheco, Argentina ;[14][15] for South American, Mexican,[16] Oceanian, South African, Russian, and European markets.[12] It is expected to produce 90,000 Amaroks annually once production is at full capacity.[15] As of 2022, 70% of the Argentine Amaroks are exported.[17]

The Hanover site was originally dropped from possible sites to produce the Amarok due to the global financial crisis and increasing economic costs in Europe in 2009.[15] In September 2010, it was decided that 40,000 Amarok pickups will also be produced annually in Hanover, Germany for the European and small volume markets from mid-2012.[18]

The 100,000th Amarok was produced on 8 October 2011.[19]

  • Rear view (double cab)

  • Interior

Powertrain

The Amarok is powered by a range of turbocharged direct injection (TDI) common rail diesel engines, and fuel stratified injection (FSI) petrol engine.[20][unreliable source?]

As of 2010, the engine range consists of two 2.0L turbocharged direct injection (TDI) common rail diesel engines which is taken from the Volkswagen Transporter (T5), it has been tuned for more torque but less power; the entry-level version produces 90 kW (122 PS; 121 hp) which develops a maximum torque of 340 N⋅m (250 lb⋅ft) from 2,000 rpm. The top-of-the-line bi-turbo version produces 120 kW (163 PS; 161 hp) which develops a maximum torque of 400 N⋅m (300 lb⋅ft) from 1500 rpm −2500 rpm. Fuel consumption in a combined cycle format is as low as 7.6 L/100 km (37 mpg‑imp; 31 mpg‑US) on the rear-wheel-drive variant to 8.1 L/100 km (35 mpg‑imp; 29 mpg‑US) on the 4Motion version, which theoretically gives the Amarok a 1,000 km (620 mi) range before filling up for fuel.

As of the 2012 Model Year, Volkswagen has introduced two more engine configurations, 2.0L TDI 90 kW motor upgraded to 103 kW of power[21] and a 2.0L Bi-TDI which has an optional 8-speed ZF engineered automatic transmission.[22]

On 22 September 2014, Volkswagen launched a limited edition Amarok Dark Label model. The Dark Label model is fitted with the 178 bhp (180 PS; 133 kW) 2.0-litre BiTDI engine, generating up to 420 N⋅m (310 lb⋅ft) of torque and offering a maximum towing capacity of up to 3,200 kg (7,100 lb).[23]

For the 2017 model year, Volkswagen announced a facelifted Amarok range. The key feature of the facelift is a new engine that replaces the earlier models' 2.0L TDI engine. In place of the previous four-cylinder engine, the Amarok is now fitted with a version of VW's 3.0L TDI V6. It will be available in three states of tune (121 kW (162 hp), 150 kW (201 hp), and 167 kW (224 hp)), with the most powerful version boasting a torque output of 406 lb⋅ft (550 N⋅m) and a 0–62 mph (100 km/h) time of 8 seconds. In the UK the lowest power output was dropped in favour of the 201 and 254 BHP models, the latter has an overboost to 268 and can hit 62 from a standstill in 7.4 seconds.[24]

The new V6 TDI offers up to 23% more power and 28% more torque while delivering lower emissions and decreased fuel consumption compared to the previous 2.0 BiTDI engine that was previously the most powerful option. Deliveries of the new Amarok V6 TDI were scheduled to commence in the 3rd quarter of 2016.[needs update] In late 2018 a more powerful version of the 3.0 V6 TDI was produced (190/200 kW & 580 Nm) to compete with the new Mercedes Benz X Class V6 CDI.

Model Years Engine Displ. Power Torque
2.0 TSI 2011– I4 16V 1,984 cc (121.1 cu in) 121 kW (165 PS; 162 hp) @ 3800–5500 rpm 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) @ 1600–3750 rpm
2.0 TDI (CR) DPF 2010–2011 I4 16V 1,968 cc (120.1 cu in) 90 kW (122 PS; 121 hp) @ 3750 rpm 340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) @ 1750–2250 rpm
2.0 TDI (CR) DPF 2012– I4 16V 1,968 cc (120.1 cu in) 103 kW (140 PS; 138 hp) @ 3750 rpm 340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) @ 1750–2250 rpm
2.0 BiTDI (CR) DPF 2010– I4 16V 1,968 cc (120.1 cu in) 121 kW (165 PS; 162 hp) @ 4000 rpm 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) @ 1500–2000 rpm
2.0 BiTDI (CR) DPF 2012– I4 16V 1,968 cc (120.1 cu in) 132 kW (179 PS; 177 hp) 420 N⋅m (310 lb⋅ft) @ 1500–2000 rpm
3.0 TDI (CR) Bluemotion SCR, DPF 2016– V6 24V 2,967 cc (181.1 cu in) 121–165 kW (165–224 PS; 162–221 hp) 550 N⋅m (406 lb⋅ft) @ 1400–3000 rpm
3.0 TDI (CR) Bluemotion SCR, DPF 2019– V6 24V 2,967 cc (181.1 cu in) 190–200 kW (258–272 PS; 255–268 hp) 580 N⋅m (428 lb⋅ft) @ 1400–3000 rpm
3.0 TDI (CR) Bluemotion SCR, DPF (Manual) 2020– V6 24V 2,967 cc (181.1 cu in) 165 kW (224 PS; 221 hp) 500 N⋅m (369 lb⋅ft) @ 1400–3000 rpm

Driveline

Facelift Volkswagen Amarok Highline

The Amarok has three drive concepts: rear wheel drive, Shiftable 4Motion and Permanent 4Motion.The Shiftable all wheel drive system can shift drive between the axles whereas the permanent full-time all wheel drive system distributes power through a torque sensing (Torsen) differential with a 40:60 ratio between the front and rear axles.[citation needed]

Low-range gearbox

In an exclusive release, Volkswagen Australia launched the Amarok V6 Core in January 2020: the only Amarok model to feature a true low-range transfer case (as opposed to the AWD 4Motion system typically employed). Compared to the 4Motion system, the low-range gearbox provides proper low-speed crawling ability and an overall much more rugged driveline for the type of off-roading that is common in Australia. The transfer case is paired only with the 6-speed manual gearbox and the 3.0 V6 TDI engine.[25]

Safety

Template:WraptextIn November 2010, the Amarok was awarded 4 stars from Euro NCAP under the 2010/2011 standard crash testing procedure.[26] Testing showed varying degrees of safety for occupants depending on the crash encountered. In February 2011, it received 5 stars from the Australasian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP).[27]

Euro NCAP test results - 4/5 Stars
Tested criteria Rating Protection range
Adult occupant 86% Acceptable - Poor
Child occupant 64% Good - Poor
Pedestrian 47% Good - Poor
Safety assistance 57% Average

Adult occupants

In a frontal impact, the cabin remained stable, and protection for the head, legs, knees and femurs was rated as "good". However, the chest of the passenger was only rated as "adequate" and the driver was only rated as "marginal". Similarly, the side impact test showed good cabin stability in a side barrier impact (designed to replicate side-impact by another car), however the much more challenging side pole test demonstrated significant issues with passenger safety.[28]

The side pole test showed significant force transferred into the dummy's ribs resulting in weak protection. Testers also noted that force was transmitted into the dummy in a way which would not be handled by a human, resulting in a minimum marks awarded for chest protection in a side impact.[28]

Whiplash protection was rated as "marginal".[28]

Child occupants

The Volkswagen Amarok provided good protection for child occupants with testers noting that children were kept within their restraints well during side impacts, giving a "good" rating for containment. Vertical acceleration of the dummies' chests was higher than recommended in the frontal impact, resulting in a poor rating for frontal impact chest protection.[28]

The Amarok features ISOFIX anchorages and the passenger airbag can be disabled for young children in carseats.[28]

Pedestrians

Pedestrian impacts were rated as predominately good for areas adults would most likely impact, however protection was poor for children. Leg protection received full marks.[28]

Safety assistance

The Amarok features electronic stability control (ESC), Anti-lock braking (ABS), Brake Force Assist and Trailer Sway Control.[29] It does however lack more advanced features found on newer vehicles such as autonomous braking, blind-spot monitoring and lane-keep assist. Many of these newer features are more commonly found on cars and SUVs and are only slowly becoming the norm on utility vehicles, as such they may be fitted to future models of the Amarok following a redesign / facelift of the model but are not considered commonplace.[29]

Lack of rear airbags

The first-generation Amarok was one of the only pickups available on the market which features no airbags whatsoever for rear passengers. Volkswagen stated this was due to testing standards at the time of development not requiring testing for safety of rear passengers, so they omitted airbags and developed a more advanced side crash cell instead.[30] However, this feature omission is notably outdated and outperformed by most other modern vehicles on the market today where airbags are expected as standard for all standard passengers, regardless of seat or vehicle type.[31] A side pole test carried out on the rear passenger would likely result in significant injury to the head and chest of the rear passenger on the impacted side.

NCAP has since changed their testing standards and the Amarok was downgraded from its initial 5-star safety rating to 4-stars.[28][30]

Brakes

The Latin American Amarok V6 has ventilated front disc brakes and solid ones in the rear.[32]

Availability

The first-generation Amarok was available in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, Paraguay, Mexico, Mongolia, New Zealand, South Africa, and throughout Europe and South America. VW met with Canadian and American dealerships in 2012 to talk about introducing the pickup to those markets.[33] For the U.S., it would likely necessitate moving production or building a plant somewhere in North America, to avoid the chicken tax enacted to light commercial vehicles.[original research?]

Variants

Volkswagen Amarok single cab

The Amarok was launched in a Double Cab variant with the Single Cab first launching in late 2011 in South Africa[34] and Europe.[35]

Core V6 Low-Range

Currently offered exclusive on the Australian market since early 2020, the Core V6 (also called TDI500 Core) is the only Amarok variant in the world to feature a true low-range transfer case. The Core V6 low-range was a result of strong lobbying by Volkswagen Australia to the parent organisation; citing strong demand from consumers, coupled with Australia being the number one importer of V6 Amaroks as rationale for the decision.[36]

The Amarok has been often criticised for its lack of a low-range 4WD transfer case which is less complex and much more widely preferred in the off-road community for the design's reliability and strength in more extreme off-road duties, than AWD systems such as 4Motion.

The engine of the TDI500 Core is de-rated to 500Nm of torque (hence the TDI500 designation) to suit the 6 speed manual transmission. This new model is considered a base model and as such features cloth seating and lacks carpet, instead opting for rubber flooring. However, it still retains several 'premium' features such as a leather-wrapped steering wheel, 17-inch alloy wheels and a touchscreen infotainment system with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto functionality.

There is also an additional variant, named the Core V6 Enduro which features primarily aesthetic enhancements such as a sports bar and decals in addition to the low-range transfer case.[25] Interestingly, this variant is offered for the same price as the standard Core V6 manual.

XL +31 CM
XXL

Offers an extended bed with 2.21 m (7 ft 3 in) of space and a slightly longer wheelbase.

Chassis cab

In 2006 the Australian publication Transport Today reported that Phil Clark, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Director in Australia, was trying to persuade Volkswagen's head office to add a chassis cab programme to Project RPU.[37]

Cab Chassis variants of both the Single Cab and Double Cab will launch with the 2012 Model Year range.[38]

Amarok Sochi Special Edition

The official vehicle of the 2014 Winter Olympics, the Amarok Sochi Special Edition was available only in Russia. It adds extra exterior chrome trim, a navigation system and an updated interior.[39]

Amarok Polar Expedition

The Polar Expedition variant was designed to promote the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympic Games in the remote areas of Russia. Three of these trucks were built to carry nine people 9,942 mi (16,000 km) east by road from Moscow to the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on the Kamchatka peninsula. The team of 9 earned the Guinness World Record for the longest off-road journey through one country. The team took 66 days to reach Kamchatka from Moscow by driving over the glacier-covered Sredinny Range and were the first people to do so. The specially built Amaroks received a couple of upgrades to take on the cold and road less wilderness. The team replaced the front and rear suspension with long-travel, heavy-duty shocks and massive tires with deeper ridges for extra traction in deep snow and ice. The body was unmodified except for cutting out the fenders to fit the wheels and tires. The 2.0L turbo diesel engine remained mostly unmodified because the goal was reliability. For added safety, the interior was fitted with a roll cage and navigation equipment to make sure the team didn't get lost.[39]

Spin-offs

Rumoured platform spin-offs include a five to seven seat SUV to compete with Nissan Xterra and Toyota Hilux SW4 to be built in Brazil for the South American and European markets.[40]

The Dutch Ministry of Defence has announced plans to phase out other vehicles, including the Mercedes-Benz G-Wagen, in favour of the Amarok to move to a single type of truck for peacetime operations. The stated aims for this plan are to purchase 1,667 new vehicles for the Army, the Navy, the Royal Netherlands Air Force , and the Marechaussee.[41]

Awards

  • Auto Esporte – Pickup of the Year 2011 (Brazil)[42]
  • Safest Pickup 2011
  • Auto Test – Cruze, Uno and Amarok, the best of the year according to Auto Test (Argentina)[43]
  • Parabrisas – Pickup of the Year 2011 (Argentina)[43]
  • MotorTransport – International Pickup Truck of the Year (UK)[44]
  • OFF ROAD – Pickup of the Year 2011 (Germany)[45]
  • Magazin Jäger – Goldenen Keiler (Golden Boar) Best Hunting Car (Germany)[46]
  • ROAD – Russian Automobile Dealers Golden Klaxon – Special Vehicles Class (Russia)[47]
  • What Van? – Pickup of the Year 2012 (UK)[48]
  • 4X4 Australia – Ute of the Year 2011 (Australia)[49]
  • Delivery – Ute of the Year 2011 (Australia)[50]
  • Zoo Magazine – Manliest Motor of the Year 2011 (UK)[51]
  • British Insurance Vehicle Security Awards – Best Pickup of the Year 2011 (UK)[51]
  • Motoring.com.au 2017 Dual-Cab Ute Comparison Winner[52]
  • Stuff Motoring New Zealand Top Pick-up of 2017[53]
  • Tow Car Awards 1,900 kg+ & Best Pick-up Winner 2018[54]
  • International Ute of the Year 2018[55]

Search and Rescue Pickup concept

2008 SAR Concept Pickup at the 2009 Melbourne International Motor Show

Volkswagen revealed their one tonne pickup study at the 2008 IAA Commercial Vehicle Show in September; the SAR Pickup measures 5.18 m (17 ft) in length and 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in) in width, and the 1.55 m (5 ft 1 in) long cargo bed can carry a Euro sized broad pallet sideways.

SAR Pickup concept also was equipped for Lifeguards with: four mobile CB radios, flashlights, first aid kit with a defibrillator, binoculars, two safety helmets, removable neoprene seats for hard wearing, and a blue light roof module with integrated searchlight.

Possible production features that were on the concept: radio navigation system controlled by a multifunction touch screen, differential locks, cable winch and the rear logo opens the tailgate.[12]

Second generation (2022)

Second generation
Volkswagen Amarok Mk2 1X7A0808.jpg
Overview
Production2022–present
Assembly
  • South Africa: Silverton, Pretoria (Ford South Africa)
DesignerDennis Kosik (exterior)
Dominik Krug (interior)
under Gu-Han Kim[56]
Body and chassis
PlatformFord T6
Related
Powertrain
Engine
  • Petrol:
  • 2.3 L TSI I4 turbo
  • Diesel:
  • 2.0 L TDI I4 turbo
  • 2.0 L TDI I4 twin-turbo
  • 3.0 L TDI V6 turbo
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase3,270 mm (128.7 in)
Length5,350 mm (210.6 in)
Width1,910 mm (75.2 in)
Height1,888 mm (74.3 in)

The second-generation Amarok was released on 7 July 2022.[3] Designed and conceived in Germany and Australia, it is built by Ford at its South Africa n assembly plant in Silverton, and shares the new Ford Ranger's platform as part of the 2019 Ford-VW global alliance cooperation agreement.[57][58]

A four-door double cab and two-door single cab body styles are available in this generation. The vehicle is 96 mm (3.8 in) longer than its predecessor, with 173 mm (6.8 in) longer wheelbase which provides more room, on the double cab's second row seat. Fording depth was also increased from 500 mm (19.7 in) to 800 mm (31.5 in).

During its introduction, the second-generation Amarok was introduced with five variants. The base version is the 'Amarok', followed by the 'Life' and 'Style'. Two flagship variants is offered as the PanAmericana (with an off-road-inspired styling) and Aventura (with an on-road-oriented styling).[59]

  • Rear

Powertrain

Four turbo-diesel (TDI) engines and one turbocharged petrol (TSI) engine is available for the second-generation Amarok. In several African markets, the base specification engine is offered, which is a 2.0-litre four-cylinder TDI producing 110 kW (150 PS; 148 hp). The same engine is also offered in a higher state of tune with 125 kW (170 PS; 168 hp), and with a twin-turbo producing 150 kW (204 PS; 201 hp) or 154 kW (209 PS; 207 hp) depending on the market. A 3.0-litre Ford-Jaguar Land Rover-developed AJD-V6 engine is available as the most powerful option, which provides power output of 177 kW (241 PS; 237 hp) or 184 kW (250 PS; 247 hp) dependent on the market. A single petrol engine option, 2.3-litre turbocharged petrol engine with 222 kW (302 PS; 298 hp) is also offered in traditional petrol engine markets.[60]

The 154 kW (209 PS; 207 hp) Amarok diesel is equipped with a standard 10-speed automatic gearbox paired with a e-shifter (shift-by-wire). There are 6-speed automatic transmission and 5- or 6-speed manual gearboxes for other engines.[60]

Production and sales

Year Global production
2009 193
2010 44,525
2018 88,950[61]
2019 72,513[62]
2020 52,100[63]

References

  1. ↑ http://news.pickuptrucks.com/2009/12/first-drive-review-2010-volkswagen-amarok.html First Drive Review: 2010 Volkswagen Amarok
  2. ↑ "New VW Amarok Teased ahead of 2022 debut will be twinned with next Ford Ranger". 11 June 2020. https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1127477_new-vw-amarok-teased-ahead-of-2022-debut-will-be-twinned-with-next-ford-ranger. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "2023 Volkswagen Amarok Revealed With Ford DNA And Nearly 300 HP" (in en). https://www.motor1.com/news/596710/2023-vw-amarok-reveal-specs/. 
  4. ↑ "Interbrand names Volkswagen's Amarok" (Press release). Interbrand. Archived from the original on 1 September 2010. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  5. ↑ "Produktionsende in Europa". Auto Motor und Sport. 5 March 2020. https://www.auto-motor-und-sport.de/nutzfahrzeug/vw-amarok-produktionsende-in-europa/. 
  6. ↑ "Alemania y Tailandia: Candidatos para Sumarse a la Produccion de Amarok | tailandia". Tiempomotor.Com. 13 October 2010. http://www.tiempomotor.com/noticias/val/3483/alemania-y-tailandia-podrian-sumarse-para-producir-la-amarok.html. 
  7. ↑ "Volkswagen Konzern Amarok aus Hannover". Volkswagenag.com. http://www.volkswagenag.com/content/vwcorp/info_center/de/news/2012/08/The_Amarok_from_Hannover.html. 
  8. ↑ (in fr) Volkswagen Amarok assemblée en Algérie, May 22, 2019, https://www.autobip.com/fr/actualite/volkswagen_amarok_assemblee_en_algerie/13330 
  9. ↑ "The VW Amarok assembled in Ecuador ready for sale". 3 September 2017. https://www.motorpy.com/index.php/novedades/3771-la-vw-amarok-ensamblada-en-ecuador-lista-para-la-venta/. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 "Archived copy". http://www.volkswagen-commercial.com.au/content/medialib/vwd4/vwn_au/showroom/brochures/spec-web/amarok_specs_v2/_jcr_content/renditions/rendition.download_attachment.file/amarok_specs.pdf. 
  11. ↑ "Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles innovative developments". Web Publications Pty Limited. AutoWeb.com.au. 23 March 2005. http://autoweb.com.au/cms/title_Volkswagen-Commercial-Vehicles-Innovative-Developments/A_104148/newsarticle.html. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 phaeton (23 September 2008). "VW News Blog: VW Pickup Revealed !!!!!!!". Vwphaetonfan.blogspot.com. http://vwphaetonfan.blogspot.com/2008/09/vw-pickup-revealed.html. 
  13. ↑ Volkswagen Motorsport (17 January 2010). "Volkswagen Amarok will be Official Support Vehicle for Dakar Rally". Volkswagen Motorsport. http://www.volkswagen-motorsport.com/web/news/index.php?&flash=ok&lg=e&st=410&id=3285. 
  14. ↑ "Volkswagen to invest 223 million euros in Argentina". Thomson Reuters. 16 October 2007. https://www.reuters.com/article/tnBasicIndustries-SP/idUSL1646949620071016. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "VW confirms stoppage of plans to build a Pick-up for European market". Forbes. July 4, 2008. https://www.forbes.com/afxnewslimited/feeds/afx/2008/07/04/afx5184241.html. 
  16. ↑ "Nuevo Amarok | Deja de seguir caminos; créalos". Amarok.mx. http://www.amarok.mx/. 
  17. ↑ de 2022, Por Natalia Donato4 de Mayo. "Falta de dólares: Volkswagen hizo un anuncio en la Argentina para importar menos y exportar más". https://www.infobae.com/economia/2022/05/04/falta-de-dolares-volkswagen-hizo-un-anuncio-en-la-argentina-para-importar-menos-y-exportar-mas/. 
  18. ↑ "VW to Invest 51.6 Billion Euros Over Next Five Years". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. 19 November 2010. http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-11-19/vw-to-invest-51-6-billion-euros-over-next-five-years.html. 
  19. ↑ "Volkswagen Group Delegation from Lower Saxony visits Volkswagen plant in Pacheco, Argentina". Volkswagenag.com. 8 October 2011. http://www.volkswagenag.com/content/vwcorp/info_center/en/news/2011/10/Delegation_from_Lower_Saxony_visits_Volkswagen_plant_in_Pacheco_Argentina.html. 
  20. ↑ phaeton (5 June 2009). "VW News Blog: Pickup from Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles to be called Amarok". Vwphaetonfan.blogspot.com. http://vwphaetonfan.blogspot.com/2009/06/pickup-from-volkswagen-commercial.html. 
  21. ↑ "More Engines and Further Features for Volkswagen Amarok MY12 | VWWatercooled Australia". Vwwatercooled.org.au. 11 March 2012. http://www.vwwatercooled.org.au/2012/01/more-engines-and-further-features-for-volkswagen-amarok-my12/. 
  22. ↑ "Frankfurt 2011: Volkswagen Amarok with 8 speed Automatic and 132kW BiTDI | VWWatercooled Australia". Vwwatercooled.org.au. 16 September 2011. http://www.vwwatercooled.org.au/2011/09/frankfurt-2011-volkswagen-amarok-with-8-speed-automatic-and-132kw-bitdi/. 
  23. ↑ "VW launches limited edition Amarok". askaprice.com. 15 September 2014. http://www.askaprice.com/car-news/vw-launches-limited-edition-amarok-26101. 
  24. ↑ "2019 Volkswagen Amarok V6 Review". carwitter.com. 25 July 2019. https://carwitter.com/2019/07/25/2019-volkswagen-amarok-v6-review/. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "VW Amarok V6 manual with low range arrives, priced sub-$50k" (in en-AU). 2020-01-23. https://www.chasingcars.com.au/vw-amarok-v6-manual-with-low-range-arrives-priced-sub-50k/. 
  26. ↑ "VW Amarok | Euro NCAP – For safer cars crash test safety rating". Euro NCAP. http://www.euroncap.com/results/vw/amarok/2010/408.aspx. 
  27. ↑ "Volkswagen safety | Amarok crash test". ANCAP. http://www.ancap.com.au/crashtestrecord?Id=388. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 "Official Volkswagen Amarok 2010 safety rating results". https://www.euroncap.com/en/results/vw/amarok/11028. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 "Dual-cab ute safety features explained". https://www.whichcar.com.au/reviews/road-tests/dual-cab-ute-safety-features-explained. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "2017 Volkswagen Amarok could finally get rear airbags". https://www.whichcar.com.au/car-news/2017-volkswagen-amarok-could-finally-get-rear-airbags. 
  31. ↑ "Amarok: Is power more important to pick-up buyers than safety? | CarAdvice". https://www.caradvice.com.au/502193/amarok-is-power-more-important-to-pick-up-buyers-than-safety/. 
  32. ↑ "Test Drive Volkswagen Amarok V6 258 CV Black Style 4x4". 17 October 2020. https://autotest.com.ar/pruebas/volkswagen-amarok-v6-258-cv-black-style/. 
  33. ↑ "Look out, Canada! – For the Volkswagen Amarok". IamDiesel. 28 November 2012. http://www.iamdiesel.com/news/2012/11/look-out-canada-for-the-volkswagen-amarok/. 
  34. ↑ "First drive: Amarok single-cab". Wheels24. http://www.wheels24.co.za/NewModels/First-drive-Amarok-single-cab-20110704. 
  35. ↑ GoAutoMedia – MIKE COSTELLO (18 November 2011). "Volkswagen 2012 Amarok SingleCab – Volkswagen launches single-cab Amarok". GoAuto. http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/A39C1D70CFA9396BCA25794C0021C0CE. 
  36. ↑ "Volkswagen Amarok V6 manual here in December | CarAdvice" (in en). https://www.caradvice.com.au/785958/volkswagen-amarok-v6-manual-joins-the-range/. 
  37. ↑ Transport Today – Issue 56, April–May 2006, p. 50 
  38. ↑ "Volkswagen Amarok Model Year (MY12) 2012 Changes". Vwwatercooled.org.au. http://www.vwwatercooled.org.au/forums/f130/volkswagen-amarok-model-year-my12-2012-changes-59680.html. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 Chris Bruce (4 February 2013). "The coolest official vehicle of the Sochi Winter Olympics comes from VW". autoblog.com. http://www.autoblog.com/2014/02/04/the-coolest-official-vehicle-of-the-sochi-winter-olympics-comes/. 
  40. ↑ "Volkswagen Namib e Taro II, a pickup e a SUV que serão fabricados no Brasil". Noticiasautomotivas.com.br. 2 February 2007. http://www.noticiasautomotivas.com.br/volkswagen-namib-e-taro-ii-a-pickup-e-a-suv-que-serao-fabricados-no-brasil/. 
  41. ↑ "New all-terrain vehicles for Defence". Netherlands Ministry of Defence. 12 September 2013. http://www.defensie.nl/english/latest/news/2013/12/09/new-all-terrain-vehicles-for-defence. 
  42. ↑ www.autoesporte.globo.com (in Portuguese)
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 www.cars-magazine.com.ar (in Spanish)
  44. ↑ "www.pickuptrucks.com". News.pickuptrucks.com. 6 October 2010. http://news.pickuptrucks.com/2010/10/vw-amarok-wins-the-international-pickup-truck-of-the-year-award.html. 
  45. ↑ "Volkswagen Amarok gewinnt OFF ROAD Award 2011 – Yahoo! Autos". Yahoo!. http://de.cars.yahoo.com/11022011/422/volkswagen-amarok-gewinnt-off-road-award-2011.html. 
  46. ↑ "Volkswagen Amarok erhält den "Goldenen Keiler" – Amarok – VW". Auto.de. 6 February 2011. http://www.auto.de/magazin/showArticle/article/49442/Volkswagen-Amarok-erhaelt-den-Goldenen-Keiler. 
  47. ↑ "Новости". Vw-commercial.ru. 31 January 2011. http://www.vw-commercial.ru/news/corp/detail.php?ELEMENT_ID=5749. 
  48. ↑ "Volkswagen Vans Scoops Three What Van? Awards | VWWatercooled Australia". Vwwatercooled.org.au. http://www.vwwatercooled.org.au/2011/12/volkswagen-vans-scoops-three-what-van-awards/. 
  49. ↑ "4X4 Ute of the Year... Meet the winner!". Motoring.ninemsn.com.au. 8 December 2011. http://motoring.ninemsn.com.au/toolkit/products/8387232/4x4-ute-of-the-year-meet-the-winner. 
  50. ↑ "VW Amarok wins Ute of the Year Award". Motoringmatters.com.au. 2 June 2011. http://www.motoringmatters.com.au/announcements/vw-amarok-wins-ute-of-the-year-award. 
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 [1]
  52. ↑ Charlwood, Sam (9 May 2017). "The Verdict: 2017 Dual-Cab Ute Comparison – motoring.com.au". motoring.com.au. https://www.motoring.com.au/the-verdict-2017-dual-cab-ute-comparison-107160/. 
  53. ↑ "Why the Volkswagen Amarok V6 is our Top Pickup Truck of 2017". 30 October 2017. http://www.stuff.co.nz/motoring/top-cars/97944876/why-the-volkswagen-amarok-v6-is-our-top-pickup-truck-of-2017. 
  54. ↑ "Volkswagen Amarok | Tow Car Awards". https://www.thetowcarawards.com/tow-car/volkswagen-amarok-2/. 
  55. ↑ "International Van of the Year award". http://www.van-of-the-year.com/index.html. 
  56. ↑ "VOLKSWAGEN AMAROK, THE SUCCESSOR OF AN ICON". 2022-11-01. https://autodesignmagazine.com/en/2022/11/volkswagen-amarok-il-successore-di-unicona/. Retrieved 2023-01-03. 
  57. ↑ "Ford and VW global alliance to build vans and pickups - latest details". https://www.parkers.co.uk/vans-pickups/news/2019/ford-vw-van-pickup-alliance-confirmed/. 
  58. ↑ "New VW Amarok to be built in SA alongside the Ford Ranger, says source". https://www.businesslive.co.za/amp/bd/life/motoring/2020-04-09-new-vw-amarok-to-be-built-in-sa-alongside-the-ford-ranger-says-source/. 
  59. ↑ "2023 Volkswagen Amarok: Off-road specs compared with old Amarok, new Ford Ranger" (in en-AU). 2022-07-07. https://www.drive.com.au/news/2023-volkswagen-amarok-off-road-details/. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 "Aussie-designed 2023 Volkswagen Amarok detailed: Engines, timing and everything different about the Ford Ranger's European cousin" (in en). https://www.carsguide.com.au/car-news/aussie-designed-2023-volkswagen-amarok-detailed-engines-timing-and-everything-different. 
  61. ↑ "VW confirms 2022 Amarok pickup to share platform with 2021 Ford Ranger". https://driving.ca/auto-news/news/vw-confirms-2022-amarok-pickup-to-share-platform-with-2021-ford-ranger. 
  62. ↑ "Volkswagen releases global sales figures for Amarok bakkie for 2019…". 14 January 2020. https://www.carmag.co.za/news/industry-news/volkswagen-releases-global-sales-figures-for-amarok-bakkie-for-2019/. 
  63. ↑ "Here's how many Volkswagen Amarok units were sold globally in 2020…". 13 January 2021. https://www.carmag.co.za/news/industry-news/heres-how-many-volkswagen-amarok-units-were-sold-globally-in-2020/. 

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