Earth:Bostobe Formation

Short description: Stratigraphic Unit in Kazakhstan

Bostobe Formation Stratigraphic range: Santonian-early Campanian ~85 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Type	Geological formation
Underlies	Akzhar Formation
Overlies	Zhirkindek Formation
Thickness	About 45 m (148 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Other	Claystone
Location
Coordinates
Paleocoordinates	[ ⚑ ] 38.7°N 58.0°E / 38.7; 58.0
Region	Qaraghandy & Qyzylorda
Country	Kazakhstan
Type section
Named for	Bostobe River
Bostobe Formation (Kazakhstan)

The Bostobe Formation (Kazakh: Boztóbe svıtasy) is a geological formation in Qaraghandy & Qyzylorda, Kazakhastan whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous (Santonian to early Campanian stages, approximately 85 Ma).

The sandstones and claystones of the formation were deposited in estuarine, fluvial-lacustrine and fluvial-deltaic environments.

Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The formation is about 45 metres (148 ft) thick and consists primarily of clay with interbeds of sand, representing an estuarine environment.

Fossil content

Khunnuchelys lophorhothon, a trionychid turtle recovered from the formation, was initially thought to belong to a hadrosaurid dinosaur and classified as cf. Lophorhothon sp.

Mammals

• Beleutinus orlovi
• Zhalmouzia bazhanovi
• Parazhelestes sp.

Ankylosaurs

• Ankylosauridae indet.

Ornithopods

• Aralosaurus tuberiferus
• Arstanosaurus akkurganensis
• Batyrosaurus rozhdestvenskyi

Sauropods

• Titanosauridae indet.
• Sauropoda indet.

Theropods

• Caenagnathidae indet.
• Troodontidae indet.
• Therizinosauria indet.
• Ornithomimidae indet.
• Tyrannosauroidea indet.

Pterosaurs

• Aralazhdarcho bostobensis
• Samrukia nessovi

Turtles

• Adocus foveatus
• Anatolemys maximus
• Khunnuchelys lophorhothon
• Lindholmemys gravis
• Shachemys baibolatica
• Trionyx kansaiensis, T. onomatoplokos, T. riabinini

Other reptiles

• Bishara backa

Amphibians

• Anura indet.
• Eoscapherpeton

Fish

• Gobiates sp.

Flora

• Ulmaceae indet.

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
• List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kazakhstan
• Bissekty Formation
• Madygen Formation
• Karabastau Formation
• Kugitang Svita

References

Bibliography

• Averianov, A. 2016. Frontal bones of non-avian theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-?Campanian) Bostobe Formation of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53. 168–175. Accessed 2020-03-23.
• Danilov, Igor G.; Natasha S. Vitek; Alexander O. Averianov, and Vadim N. Glinskiy. 2015. A new softshelled trionychid turtle of the genus Khunnuchelys from the Upper Cretaceous Bostobe Formation of Kazakhstan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60. 155–161. Accessed 2020-03-23. doi:10.4202/app.2013.0045
• Averianov, A.O.; J.D. Archibald; P.P. Skutschas, and G.J. Dyke. 2014a. New mammal remains from the Late Cretaceous Bostobe Formation (northeast Aral Sea Region, Kazakhstan). Palaeoworld 23. 314–320. Accessed 2020-03-23.
• Averianov, A.; J.D. Archibald, and G.J. Dyke. 2014b. A new eutherian mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59. 537–542. Accessed 2020-03-23.
• Averianov, A.O. 2004. New Data on Cretaceous Flying Reptiles (Pterosauria) of Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. Paleontological Journal 38. 426–436.
• Weishampel, David B.; Peter Dodson, and Halszka Osmólska (eds.). 2004. The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, 1–880. Berkeley: University of California Press. Accessed 2019-02-21. ISBN:0-520-24209-2
• Kordikova, E.G.; P.D. Polly; V.A. Alifanov; Z. Roček; G.F. Gunnell, and A.O. Averianov. 2001. Small vertebrates from the late Cretaceous and early Tertiary of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Journal of Paleontology 75. 390–400. doi:10.1017/S0022336000018187 ISSN 0022-3360

Further reading

• A. O. Averianov. 2007. Theropod dinosaurs from Late Cretaceous deposits in the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Cretaceous Research 28:532-544
• E. G. Kordikova, S. M. Kurzanov, and G. F. Gunnell. 1997. Unusual dinosaur claw phalanxes from the Upper Cretaceous of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan. Journal of Morphology 232(3):278
• L. A. Nessov. 1995. Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii [Dinosaurs of northern Eurasia: new data about assemblages, ecology, and paleobiogeography]. Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 1-156
• L. A. Nessov. 1988. Late Mesozoic amphibians and lizards of Soviet Middle Asia. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 31(14):475-486
• L. A. Nessov. 1984. Data on late Mesozoic turtles from the USSR. Studia Geologica Salamanticensia, vol. especial 1 (Studia Palaeocheloniologica I) 1:215-223
• L. A. Nessov. 1981. Amfibii i reptilii v ekosistemakh Mela sredney Azii [Amphibia and reptiles in Cretaceous ecosystems of central Asia]. In I. V. Darevsky (ed.), The Problems of Herpetology. Fifth Herpetological Conference. Abstracts 91-92
• A. K. Rozhdestvensky. 1964. Novye dannye o mestonakhozhdeniyakh dinozavrov na territorii Kazakhstana i Srednei Azii [New data on occurrences of dinosaurs in Kazakhstan and Central Asia]. Tashkentskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Nauchnye Trudy: Geologiya [Tashkent State University, Scientific Publications: Geology] 234:227-241