Earth:Cambridge Greensand

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Not to be confused with Cambridge Formation.
Cambridge Greensand
Stratigraphic range: Earliest Cenomanian ~100 Ma
↓
TypeMember
Unit ofWest Melbury Marly Chalk Formation
UnderliesChalk Group
OverliesGault Formation
Thickness0.1–1 m (0.33–3.28 ft)
Lithology
PrimaryGlauconitic marl
OtherPhosphorite
Location
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 52°12′N 0°06′E / 52.2°N 0.1°E / 52.2; 0.1
Paleocoordinates [ ⚑ ] 41°00′N 1°48′E / 41.0°N 1.8°E / 41.0; 1.8
RegionEngland
Country UK
ExtentNorth Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire
Type section
Named forCambridge
LocationArlesey Brickpit
Cambridge Greensand is located in England
Cambridge Greensand
Cambridge Greensand (England)

The Cambridge Greensand is a geological unit in England whose strata are earliest Cenomanian in age.[1] It lies above the erosive contact between the Gault Formation and the Chalk Group in the vicinity of Cambridgeshire, and technically forms the lowest member bed of the West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation.[2] It is a remanié deposit, containing reworked fossils of late Albian age, including those of dinosaurs and pterosaurs.

Description

The lithology is made out of glauconitic marl, described as a "chalk mud", containing abundant ostracod, coccolith and foram remains, with a concentration of phosphatic nodules and bones at the base.[1][2]

Vertebrate paleofauna

Birds

Birds
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Enaliornis E. barrette Braincases, vertebrae, pelvis [and] limb elements[3] This genus is the oldest known hesperornithine
E sedgwicki Hindlimb elements[3]
E. seeleyi Assorted cranial and postcranial elements

Dinosaurs

Ornithischians

Ornithischians
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Anoplosaurus A. curtonotus "Partial postcranium"[4]
A. major "Cervical vertebrae."[4] "Vertebrae."[5]
Acanthopholis A. eucercus "[Two] caudal centra."[4] Nomen dubium
A. platypus "Phalanx, caudal centra."[4] Nomen dubium
A. macrocercus "Osteoderms."[4] "Vertebrae, fragmentary skeleton elements."[5] Reassigned to Syngonosaurus
A. stereocercus "Osteoderms."[4] "Vertebrae."[5] Nomen dubium
Eucercosaurus E. tanyspondylus "Vertebrae."[4]
Trachodon T. cantabrigiensis "Dentary tooth."[6] Nomen dubium

Saurischians

Saurischians
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Macrurosaurus M. semnus "Caudal vertebrae"[7] Titanosauriform sauropod or indeterminate macronarian

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Amblydectes A. crassidens Jaw fragments
A. eurygnathus Jaw fragments Possibly a junior synonym of A. crassidens[8]
Camposipterus C. colorhinus Anterior rostra fragments
C. nasutus Partial rostrum
C. sedgwickii Anterior rostrum
Draigwenia D. platystomus Anterior rostrum fragments Formerly Amblydectes platystomus[8]
Lonchodraco L. machaerorhynchus Reassigned to Ikrandraco machaerorhynchus
L. microdon Junior synonym of L. machaerorhynchus
Nicorhynchus N. capito Jaw fragments Possibly synonomous with Coloborhynchus[9]
Ornithocheirus O. simus[10][11]
"Ornithocheirus" denticulatus
"Ornithocheirus" polyodon
O. sedgwicki Jaw fragments Azhdarchoid pterosaur[12]

Ichthyosaurs

Ichthyosaurs
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Cetarthrosaurus C. walkeri[13]
Maiaspondylus M. cantabrigiensis
Pervushovisaurus P. campylodon
Sisteronia S. seeleyi

Lepidosauria

Lepidosauria
Genus Species Locality Material Notes Images
Patricosaurus P. merocratus[14] Chimeric specimen

Invertebrates

Ammonites

  • Salaziceras salazacense[15]

See also

  • List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hart, Malcolm B.; Fox, Lyndsey R. (2020). "Micropalaeontology and stratigraphical setting of the Cambridge Greensand" (in en). Geological Society, London, Special Publications 498 (1): 147–163. doi:10.1144/SP498-2018-144. ISSN 0305-8719. Bibcode: 2020GSLSP.498..147H. http://sp.lyellcollection.org/lookup/doi/10.1144/SP498-2018-144. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cambridge Greensand at BGS
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Table 11.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 215.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "Table 17.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 367.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Table 19.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 417.
  6. ↑ "Table 20.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 443.
  7. ↑ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 270.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Holgado, Borja (2021). "On the validity of the genus Amblydectes Hooley 1914 (Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae) and the presence of Tropeognathinae in the Cambridge Greensand". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 93 (suppl 2). doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120201658. ISSN 1678-2690. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652021000401220&tlng=en. 
  9. ↑ Smith, Roy E.; Ibrahim, Nizar; Longrich, Nicholas; Unwin, David M.; Jacobs, Megan L.; Williams, Cariad J.; Zouhri, Samir; Martill, David M. (September 2023). "The pterosaurs of the Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco" (in en). PalZ 97 (3): 519–568. doi:10.1007/s12542-022-00642-6. ISSN 0031-0220. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12542-022-00642-6. 
  10. ↑ Taissa Rodrigues; Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner (2013). "Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England". ZooKeys (308): 1–112. doi:10.3897/zookeys.308.5559. PMID 23794925. 
  11. ↑ Unwin D.M., 2001, "An overview of the pterosaur assemblage from the Cambridge Greensand (Cretaceous) of Eastern England", Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe 4: 189–221
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :3
  13. ↑ Valentin Fischer; Nathalie Bardet; Myette Guiomar; Pascal Godefroit (2014). "High Diversity in Cretaceous Ichthyosaurs from Europe Prior to Their Extinction". PLOS ONE 9 (1): e84709. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084709. PMID 24465427. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...984709F. 
  14. ↑ P. M. Barrett and S. E. Evans. 2002. A reassessment of the Early Cretaceous reptile 'Patricosaurus merocratus' Seeley from the Cambridge Greensand, Cambridgeshire, UK. Cretaceous Research 23:231-240
  15. ↑ C. W. Wright and W. J. Kennedy. 1979. Origin and evolution of the Cretaceous micromorph ammonite family Flickiidae. Palaeontology 22:685-704



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