Chemistry:γ-Oryzanol
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| Other names
gamma-Oryzanol; gamma-Orizanol
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3D model (JSmol)
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| Properties | |
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| Appearance | White to off-white solid |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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γ-Oryzanol is a mixture of lipids derived from rice (Oryza sativa).[1] γ-Oryzanol occurs mainly in the fat fraction of rice bran and rice bran oil.
Originally thought to be a single chemical compound,[2] it is now known to be a mixture of ferulic acid esters of phytosterols and triterpenoids, particularly cycloartenyl ferulate, 24-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, and campesteryl ferulate,[3] which together account for 80% of γ-oryzanol.[4]
Composition
| Name(s) | Chemical structure | Molecular formula | CAS number |
|---|---|---|---|
| • Cycloartenyl ferulate • Oryzanol A |
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C40H58O4 | 21238-33-5 |
| • 24-Methylenecycloartanyl ferulate • Oryzanol C |
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C41H60O4 | 469-36-3 |
| • Campesteryl ferulate | 
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C38H56O4 | 20972-07-0 |
Minor constituents include Δ7-stigmastenyl ferulate, stigmasteryl ferulate, Δ7-campestenyl ferulate, Δ7-sitostenyl ferulate, sitosteryl ferulate, compestanyl ferulate, and sitostanyl ferulate.[3]
Uses
γ-Oryzanol has been used in Japan for menopausal symptoms, mild anxiety, stomach upset, and high cholesterol.[5] It is still approved in China for this use.[6] However, there is no meaningful evidence supporting its efficacy for these purposes.[5]
In the United States, it is sold as a sports supplement, but existing research does not support the belief that it has any ergogenic or testosterone-raising effects.[7]
References
- ↑ R. M. Saunders (1985). "Rice bran: Composition and potential food uses". Food Reviews International 1 (3): 465–495. doi:10.1080/87559128509540780.
- ↑ Kaimal, T. B. N. (1999). "γ-Oryzanol from ricebran oil". J Oil Technol Assoc India 31: 83–93.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Zhimin Xu and J. Samuel Godber (1999). "Purification and Identification of Components of γ-Oryzanol in Rice Bran Oil". J. Agric. Food Chem. 47 (7): 2724–2728. doi:10.1021/jf981175j. PMID 10552553.
- ↑ Xu Zhimin, Godber J S & Xu Z. "Antioxidant activities of major components of gamma-oryzanol from rice bran using a linolenic acid model". J Am Oil Chem Soc 78 (2001): 465–469.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Gamma Oryzinol". Winchester Hospital. http://www.winchesterhospital.org/health-library/article?id=21726.
- ↑ "National Drug Standard for 谷维素片 / Oryzanol Tablets (DRAFT)". 国家食品药品监督管理总局. http://www.chp.org.cn/upload/sites/chp/resource/2014b/2015030608361130431.pdf.
- ↑ Melvin Williams (2006). "Dietary Supplements and Sports Performance: Herbals". Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 3 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-3-1-1. PMID 18500959.
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