Biology:Ramellogammarus similimanus
Ramellogammarus similimanus | |
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Genus: | Ramellogammarus
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Species: | R. similimanus
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Binomial name | |
Ramellogammarus similimanus Bousfield, 1961
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Ramellogammarus similimanus is a crustacean species in the family Anisogammaridae. Because this amphipod only resides in the Portland metropolitan area, in Oregon, United States, it has been given the common name "Stumptown scud."[1]
Description
R. similimanus is about the size of a pinky nail.[1] It has a curled outer shell of a golden color[1] and long antennae.[1] Its appearance has been described as a "cross between a prawn and a potato bug."[2] Similar to marsupials, females have a pouch in which they carry their eggs.[2]
Habitat and range
The species is believed to only exist within the boundaries of the Portland metropolitan area.[1] It lives in small freshwater creeks and tributaries.[1] "Stumptown" is a nickname applied to Portland and several other locations in the United States.[3][4][5]
Behavior and ecology
R. similimanus is difficult to observe as it prefers to remain hidden under the organic material on which it feeds.[1][6] It can only move via connected waterways, limiting its geographic scope.[1] Scavenged dead and decaying material makes up its diet.[1] It is consumed by amphibians and fish.[1]
Mating involves a complex ritual.[2] Males search for maturing females who are nearly ready to molt out of their shells.[2] The males then ride the backs of the females to secure them and prevent other males from stealing their chosen mate.[2]
Research
The species was first described by Edward L. Bousfield in 1961.[7] The Oregon Zoo funded research conducted by Oregon State University through the "Oregon Zoo Foundation's Future for Wildlife program".[8] The researchers have used the environmental DNA methodology in order to minimize impact on a small and vulnerable population.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 Williams, Kale (May 3, 2017). "This tiny crustacean only lives in Portland" (Video). Oregon Live (Portland, Oregon). http://www.oregonlive.com/portland/index.ssf/2017/05/this_tiny_crustacean_only_live.html.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Tomlinson, Stuart (May 1, 2017). "Stumptown scud: Researchers say small crustacean resides exclusively in Portland waterways". Portland, Oregon: KATU. http://katu.com/news/local/stumptown-scud-researchers-say-small-crustacean-is-found-only-in-portland-waterways.
- ↑ "From Robin's Nest to Stumptown". End of the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center. Archived from the original on November 22, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20121122054301/http://www.historicoregoncity.org/HOC/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&catid=70%3Aoregon-trail-history&id=155%3Aearly-towns-and-cities&Itemid=98. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
- ↑ MacColl, E. Kimbark (1979). The Growth of a City: Power and Politics in Portland, Oregon 1915–1950. Portland, Oregon: The Georgian Press. ISBN 0-9603408-1-5.
- ↑ MacColl cites the "4 March 1877, entry in 'Autobiographical Account', John C. Ainsworth Papers, OHS; Oregonian; 4 December 1900"
- ↑ Vogt, Tom (April 23, 2017). "Off Beat: Stumptown scud doesn't live here, but its cousin does". The Columbian (Vancouver, Washington). http://www.columbian.com/news/2017/apr/23/off-beat-stumptown-scud-doesnt-live-here-but-its-cousin-does/.
- ↑ *Thorp, James H., Ed.; Rogers, D. Christopher, Ed. (December 28, 2015). Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates: Keys to Nearctic Fauna. Elsevier Science. p. 589. ISBN 9780123850294. https://books.google.com/books?id=2U8CBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA589.
- ↑ "Scientists scour Portland for 'Stumptown scud'". April 19, 2017. http://www.oregonzoo.org/news/2017/04/scientists-scour-portland-stumptown-scud.
External links
- Ramellogammarus similimanus – Portland Metro’s own freshwater crustacean species: What we know and don’t know by Bill Gerth
Further reading
- Eriksen, C.H. (1968) Aspects of the limno-ecology of Corophium spinicorne Stimpson (Amphipoda) and Gnorimosphaeroma oregonensis (Dana) (Isopoda). Crustaceana, 14, 1–12.
- Graening, G.O.; Rogers, D. Christopher; Holsinger, John R.; Barr, Cheryl; Bottorff, Richard (November 2012). "Checklist of Inland Aquatic Amphipoda (Crustacea: Malacostraca) of California". Zootaxa 3544: 1. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3544.1.1. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CDF4CD8E-93DD-48E2-BB5B-A17D067FCE47. http://www.csus.edu/indiv/g/graeningg/pubs/graening%20et%20al%202012.pdf. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
- Turgeon, Donna D; American Fisheries Society (January 1, 2005). Crustacea. 31. American Fisheries Society. pp. 139, 512. ISBN 1888569646. https://books.google.com/books?id=KAsu9jFrBMIC&q=Ramellogammarus+similimanus.
Wikidata ☰ Q7843444 entry
Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramellogammarus similimanus.
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