Biology:FOLR3
 Generic protein structure example |
Folate receptor gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOLR3 gene. It is involved in up-take of folic acid.[1]
Gene location
The FOLR multi-gene family (FOLR1, FOLR2 and FOLR3) is localized to chromosome 11q13.3–q14.1, and encodes the gene products FRα, β and γ, respectively.[2]
Tissue distribution
FOLR3 is localized in haematopoietic tissue, such as spleen and bone marrow, and is present as a secretory protein. FOLR3 expresses in humans rather than mice and rats.[1]
Function
The FOLR3 gene is polymorphic due to a nonsense mutation resulting in a truncated protein; FRγ, which can bind folic acid. FOLR3 genes each consist of 5 exons, 4 introns and 1 promoter that encodes a single transcript.[1]
Clinical significance
Expression of FOLR3 is correlated more strongly with plasma homocysteine(Hcy) than FOLR1 and FOLR2. FOLR3 may decrease plasma Hcy compared with other FOLRs.[2] It was demonstrated that FOLR3 can metabolize both intracellular Hcy and extracellular Hcy. These results indicate that an increase in FOLR3 may effectively ameliorate Hcy in the blood and weaken Hcy-induced toxicity, even in tissues with the low level of FOLR1 and FOLR2 expression.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "The role of folate receptor alpha in cancer development, progression and treatment: cause, consequence or innocent bystander?". International Journal of Cancer 119 (2): 243–250. July 2006. doi:10.1002/ijc.21712. PMID 16453285.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Plasma Homocysteine Concentration is Associated with the Expression Level of Folate Receptor 3". Scientific Reports 10 (1): 10283. June 2020. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67288-9. PMID 32581311.
 |  |
