Biology:Larimus
| Larimus | |
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| Larimus breviceps | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acanthuriformes |
| Family: | Sciaenidae |
| Genus: | Larimus Cuvier, 1830 |
| Type species | |
| Larimus breviceps Cuvier, 1830[1]
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Larimus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the croakers and drums. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.
Taxonomy
Larimus was first proposed as monospecific genus in 1830 by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier when he described Larimus breviceps[1] from Brazil and the Dominican Republic.[2] This genus, along with Nebris, has been placed in the subfamily Lariminae by some workers,[3] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes.[4]
Etymology
Larimus is a name that Oppian used for some kinds of fish without any precision and which Cuvier applied to L. breviceps.[5]
Species
Larimus has six extant valid species classified within it:[6]
- Larimus acclivis Jordan & Bristol, 1898 (Steeplined drum)
- Larimus argenteus (Gill, 1863) (Silver drum)
- Larimus breviceps Cuvier, 1830 (Shorthead drum)
- Larimus effulgens Gilbert, 1898 (Shining drum)
- Larimus fasciatus Holbrook, 1855 (Banded drum)
- Larimus pacificus Jordan & Bollman, 1890 (Pacific drum)
A seventh species, Larimus gulosus is considered to be a valid species by some authorities,[2] but as a synonym of L. pacificus by others.[7]
There are also at least three extinct species classified within the genus:[8]
- Aguilera, Shwarzhans & Béarez, 2016 Aguilera, Shwarzhans & Béarez, 2016
- [[†Larimus humboldti]] †Larimus angosturae
- Aguilera, Shwarzhans & Béarez, 2016 †Larimus pandus
Characteristics
Larimus drums have short, oblong, compressed bodies with a hump on the back. The large mouth is highly oblique and the lower jaw protrudes. There is no barbel on the chin but there are between 2 and 4 pores. They have 2 rows of small, sharp teeth. The margin of the preoperculum may be smooth or have small serrations and does not have robust spines. There is a deep incision at the angle of the operculum. The dorsal fin is deeply incised and the caudal fin is pointed. The anal fin has 2 spines, the second spine being two thirds of the length of the first, and 6 or 7 spines. They have ctenoid scales on. The body and cycloid scales on the head and fins.[9] The largest species is the silver drum (L. argenteus) with a maximum published total length of 36.1 cm (14.2 in).[6]
Distribution
Larimus drums are found off the Americas with two species, the shorthead drum (L. breviceps) and the banded drum (L. fasciatus) in the Western Atlantic, and the remaining species in the eastern Pacific.[6]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Genera in the family Sciaenidae". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Sciaenidae.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Species in the genus Larimus". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=species&genus=Larimus.
- ↑ Kunio Sasaki (1989). "Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes)". Memoirs of the Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University 36 (1-2): 1–137. https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/21886/1/36(1_2)_P1-137.pdf.
- ↑ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/.
- ↑ Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara, eds (9 March 2023). "Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. https://etyfish.org/eupercaria/.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2023). Species of Larimus in FishBase. February 2023 version.
- ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). "Larimus pacificus" in FishBase. February 2006 version.
- ↑ Orangel Antonio Aguilera; Werner Schwarzhans; Philippe Béarez (2016). "Otoliths of the Sciaenidae from the Neogene of tropical America". Palaeo Ichthyologica 14: 7–90.
- ↑ "Genus: Larimus, Drums". Shorefishes of the Eastern Pacific online information system. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. https://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/sftep/en/thefishes/taxon/1509.
Wikidata ☰ Q2348513 entry
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