Biology:Eldonia

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Short description: Extinct genus of soft-bodied animals

Eldonia
Temporal range: Cambrian Stage 3–Middle Ordovician
Eldonia ludwigii.png
Eldonia ludwigii from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale.
Eldonia ludwigii life restoration.jpg
Life restoration
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Stem group: Ambulacraria
Clade: †Cambroernida
Family: †Eldoniidae
Genus: †Eldonia
Species
  • E. ludwigii Walcott 1911
  • E. eumorpha Sun & Hou 1987
  • E. berbera Alessandrello 2003[1]
Synonyms
  • Yunnanomedusa[2]
  • Stellostomites[2]

Eldonia is an extinct soft-bodied cambroernid animal of unknown affinity,[3] best known from the Fossil Ridge outcrops of the Burgess Shale, particularly in the 'Great Eldonia layer' in the Walcott Quarry.[4] In addition to the 550 collected by Walcott,[5] 224 specimens of Eldonia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.43% of the community.[6] Species also occur in the Chengjiang biota,[2] Siberia,[7] and in Upper Ordovician strata of Morocco.

Walcott's original interpretation as a holothurian was rapidly disputed.[8] Alternative affinities to be suggested, which did not stand the test of time, included the siphonophores[9][10][11] and a coelenterate medusa.[12]

It takes the form of a round, medusoid disk (which originally led to suggestions of a jellyfish affinity)[13] with a C-shaped gut trace. The gut is recalcitrant and can be extracted using Hydrofluoric acid.[14] The organism is frequently found in association with the lobopod Microdictyon, which is presumed to have fed on Eldonia.[15]

The eldoniids form a clade that also includes Paropsonema, Rotadiscus, and Stellostomites.[16]

  • Eldonia berbera

  • Eldonia ludwigii, Walcott Quarry. About 4 cm long

See also

  • Paleobiota of the Burgess Shale

References

  1. ↑ ALESSANDRELLO Anna; A BRACCHI Giacomo (2003). "Eldonia berbera n. sp., a new species of the enigmatic genus Eldonia Walcott, 1911 from the Rawtheyan (Upper Ordovician) of little Atlas (Erfoud, Tafilalt, Morocco)". Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano (Milano, ITALIE) 144 (2): 337–358. ISSN 0037-8844. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 CHEN, J-Y.; M-Y. ZHU; G. Q. ZHOU (1995). "The early Cambrian medusiform metazoan Eldonia from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte.". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40: 213–244. http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app40/app40-213.pdf. 
  3. ↑ Signor, P. W.; Vermeij, G. J. (1 July 1994). "The Plankton and the Benthos: Origins and Early History of an Evolving Relationship". Paleobiology 20 (3): 259–406. doi:10.1017/s0094837300012793. ISSN 0094-8373. Bibcode: 1994Pbio...20..297S. 
  4. ↑ Gabbott, S. E.; Zalasiewicz, J.; Collins, D. (2008). "Sedimentation of the Phyllopod Bed within the Cambrian Burgess Shale Formation of British Columbia". Journal of the Geological Society 165 (1): 307–318. doi:10.1144/0016-76492007-023. Bibcode: 2008JGSoc.165..307G. 
  5. ↑ Durham, J. W. (1974). "Systematic Position of Eldonia ludwigi Walcott". Journal of Paleontology 48 (4): 750–755. Bibcode: 1974JPal...48..524M. 
  6. ↑ Caron, Jean-Bernard; Jackson, Donald A. (October 2006). "Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale". PALAIOS 21 (5): 451–65. doi:10.2110/palo.2003.P05-070R. Bibcode: 2006Palai..21..451C. 
  7. ↑ D. Friend; A. Yu. Zhuravlev; I. A. Solov’ev (2002). "Middle Cambrian Eldonia from the Siberian Platform". Paleontological Journal 36 (1): 20–24. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191129/http://www.maik.ru/abstract/paleng/2/paleng1_2p20abs.htm. 
  8. ↑ Clark, H. L. (1912). "Fossil Holothurians". Science 35 (894): 274–278. doi:10.1126/science.35.894.274-a. PMID 17809248. https://zenodo.org/record/1448078. 
  9. ↑ Madsen, F. J. (1957). "On Walcott's Supposed Cambrian Holothurians". Journal of Paleontology 31 (1): 281–282. Bibcode: 1974JPal...48..524M. 
  10. ↑ MADSEN, F. J. (1962). "The systematic position of the Middle Cambrian fossil Eldonia". Medd. Dan. Geol. Foren 15: 87–89. http://2dgf.dk/xpdf/bull-1962-15-1-87-89.pdf. 
  11. ↑ MADSEN, F. J. (1956). "Eldonia, a Cambrian Siphonophore-formerly interpreted as a Holoturian[sic].". Videnskabelige Meddelelser Fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening I Københaven 118: 7–14. 
  12. ↑ Lemche, Henning (1960). "A possible central place for Stenethecoides Resser, 1939 and Cambridium Horny, 1957 (Mollusca Monoplacophora) in invertebrate phylogeny.". Rep. Int. Geol. Congr. XXI Session, Norden (Pt. 22): 92–101. 
  13. ↑ Jun-yuan, C.; Mao-yan, Z.; Gui-qing, Z.; Signogneau-russell, D.; Hahn, R.; Koz{l}owska-dawidziuk, A.; Stefaniak, K. (1995), "The Early Cambrian medusiform metazoan Eldonia from the Chenjiang Lagerstätte", Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40 (3): 213–244, http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app40/app40-213.pdf, retrieved 2009-08-12 
  14. ↑ Butterfield, N. J. (1 July 1990). "Organic Preservation of Non-Mineralizing Organisms and the Taphonomy of the Burgess Shale". Paleobiology 16 (3): 247–399. doi:10.1017/s0094837300009994. ISSN 0094-8373. Bibcode: 1990Pbio...16..272B. 
  15. ↑ Zhang, X-G; Hou, X-G (Dec 2007). "Gravitational Constraints on the Burial of Chengjiang Fossils". PALAIOS 22 (6): 513–518. doi:10.2110/palo.2006.p06-085r. ISSN 0172-4622. Bibcode: 2007Palai..22..448Z. 
  16. ↑ Caron, J.; Conway Morris, S.; Shu, D.; Soares, D. (2010). Soares, Daphne. ed. "Tentaculate fossils from the Cambrian of Canada (British Columbia) and China (Yunnan) interpreted as primitive deuterostomes". PLOS ONE 5 (3): e9586. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009586. PMID 20221405. Bibcode: 2010PLoSO...5.9586C. 

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q1421766 entry



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