Biology:Boe drum
| Boe drum | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acanthuriformes |
| Family: | Sciaenidae |
| Genus: | Pteroscion Fowler, 1925 |
| Species: | P. peli
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| Binomial name | |
| Pteroscion peli Bleeker, 1863
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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The boe drum (Pteroscion peli) is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Pteroscion. The boe drum is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean off western coast of Africa.
Taxonomy
The boe drum was first formally described in 1863 as Larimus peli by the Dutch physician, herpetologist and ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker with its type locality give as Ebriakwa in Guinea.[3] In 1925 Henry Weed Fowler classified L. peli in the new monospecific genus Pteroscion.[2] Ethelwynn Trewavas placed the eastern Atlantic Afrotropical sciaenids, Pseudotolithus and Pteroscion, in the tribe Pseudotolithini.[4] Other workers have placed this tribe in the subfamily Pseudotolithinae alongside the tribe Miracorvini, Miracorvina and Pentheroscion.[5] However, the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise tribes or subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes.[6]
Etymology
The boe drum's generic name, Pteroscion, is a combination of ptero, meaning "fin" and scion, a modern Greek name for the shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa). This form was preferred to sciaena by Fowler and Theodore Gill as in Cynoscion. The specific name honours Hendrik Severinus Pel, who was governor of the Dutch Gold Coast who deposited many specimens in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden, including the type of the Boe drum.[7]
Distribution and habitat
The boe drum is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean between Senegal and Namibia. It is found in marine and brackish waters where it is a benthopelagic fish living in coastal waters over sand and mud bottoms at depths between 0 and 500 m (0 and 1,640 ft), although it is typically not found deeper than 50 m (160 ft).[8]
Biology
The boe drum spawns in estuaries and possibly offshore too. It feeds on worms, cephalopods, crustaceans and smaller fishes.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nunoo, F. (2020). "Pteroscion peli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T49218151A131074939. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T49218151A131074939.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/49218151/131074939. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Genera in the family Sciaenidae". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Sciaenidae.
- ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Species in the genus Pteroscion". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=species&genus=Pteroscion.
- ↑ A. R. Longhurst (1969). A synopsis of biological data on West African croakers (Pseudotolithus typus, P. senegalensis and P. elongatus). Rome: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/3/95906e/95906e.pdf.
- ↑ Kunio Sasaki (1989). "Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes)". Memoirs of the Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University 36 (1-2): 1–137. https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/21886/1/36(1_2)_P1-137.pdf.
- ↑ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
- ↑ Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara, eds (9 March 2023). "Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. https://etyfish.org/eupercaria/.
- ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2023). "Pteroscion peli" in FishBase. February 2023 version.
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