Biology:Dirinaria applanata
| Dirinaria applanata | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Caliciales |
| Family: | Caliciaceae |
| Genus: | Dirinaria |
| Species: | D. applanata
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| Binomial name | |
| Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D.Awasthi (1970)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Dirinaria applanata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Caliciaceae.[2] It has a wide distribution in tropical and subtropical areas of the world.
Taxonomy
The lichen was formally described as a new species, Parmelia applanata, by Antoine Laurent Apollinaire Fée in 1825.[3] Dharani Dhar Awasthi transferred it to the Dirinaria in 1970.[4]
Chemistry
Chemical analysis of Dirinaria applanata lead to the discovery of nine unique compounds. This includes a novel hopane derivative known as 1β-acetoxy-21α-hopane-3β,22-diol. Alongside this, researchers have identified six phenolic compounds: divaricatinic acid, methyl divaricatinate, methyl-β-orcinolcarboxylate, methyl haematommate, divarinol, and ramalinic acid A. Additionally, two xanthones, namely lichexanthone and 4,5-dichlorolichexanthone, were also isolated.[5]
Species interactions
A fungus newly described in 2023, Cylindromonium dirinariae, was reported as a lichenicolous fungus with Dirinaria applanata as its host. This nectrioid fungus forms a pinkish colony with mainly solitary phialides producing ellipsoid, aseptate conidia in mucoid packets.[6]
References
- ↑ "GSD Species Synonymy. Current Name: Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi, J. Indian bot. Soc. 49: 135 (1970)". Species Fungorum. https://www.speciesfungorum.org/GSD/GSDspecies.asp?RecordID=341886.
- ↑ "Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi". Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/36RLQ.
- ↑ Fée, Antoine Laurent Apollinaire (1825) (in fr). Essai sur les cryptogames des écorces exotiques officinales. Paris: Firmin Didot père et fils. p. 126. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48999682.
- ↑ Awasthi, D.D.; Agarwal, M.R. (1970). "An enumeration of lichens from the tropical and subtropical regions of Darjeeling District, India". Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 49: 122–136.
- ↑ Nguyen, Trong Tuan (2019). "A new hopane derivative from the lichen Dirinaria applanata". Natural Product Research 35 (7): 1167–1171. doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1644511. https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/9034052.
- ↑ Ohmaki, A.; Okane, I.; Crous, P.W.; Verkley, G.J.M. (2023). "Cylindromonium dirinariae sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Hypocreales), a new nectrioid lichenicolous species on Dirinaria applanata in Japan". Fungal Systematics and Evolution 11: 1–10. doi:10.3114/fuse.2023.11.01. PMID 37469937.
Wikidata ☰ Q10474020 entry
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