Biology:Lathagrium
| Lathagrium | |
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| Lathagrium auriforme | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Peltigerales |
| Family: | Collemataceae |
| Genus: | Lathagrium (Ach.) Gray (1821) |
| Type species | |
| Lathagrium undulatum (Laurer ex Flot.) Poetsch (1872)
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| Synonyms | |
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Lathagrium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Collemataceae.[1] It has 10 species of gelatinous lichens.[2] Species in this genus typically grow on calcareous rocks, often amidst mosses, but can also be found on siliceous or serpentine rocks, mortar, or soil.[3]
Description
Lathagrium is characterized by a foliose, medium to large-sized thallus that can appear gelatinous and may swell when wet. The color of the upper surface ranges from dark olive-green to brown-black and occasionally exhibits a grey-blue hue. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] of the thallus can be narrow or broad, often elongated and intricately branched, with a flat or concave surface that can be smooth or distinctly ridged or folded.[3]
The thallus is composed of intertwined hyphae intermingled with chains of [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] cells, and it lacks both upper and lower [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]. While isidia can be absent or frequently present, soredia are not found in Lathagrium. The reproductive structures, called apothecia, display a pale brown, red-brown, or brown-black [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] surrounded by a [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] that is typically long-lasting.[3]
The internal structure of the apothecia consists of colourless or pigmented [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], a colorless hymenium that turns blue when treated with iodine, and a nearly colorless [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] contains [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] that separate in a solution of potassium hydroxide and may be unbranched or branched, often connecting near the apices. The tips of the paraphyses can be club-shaped or round and display a yellowish to reddish-brown colour.[3]
The asci, or spore-producing structures, are club-shaped (clavate) with a significantly thickened apex that reacts blue with iodine, as does the downwardly projecting annulus and apical cap. Lathagrium produces eight spores per ascus, which are septate and primarily [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|submuriform]], but can also be spindle-shaped or cylindrical with only transverse septa.[3]
[[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], or [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], are generally embedded within the thallus and can be found on the margins or [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] with a pale ostiole. The conidia are rod-shaped and may be slightly enlarged at the apex. Chemical analysis using thin-layer chromatography has not detected any lichen products in Lathagrium.[3]
Species
- Lathagrium auriforme (With.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium cristatum (L.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium dichotomum (With.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium durietzii (Degel.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium fuscovirens (With.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium latzelii (Zahlbr.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium neglectum (Degel.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium poeltii (Degel.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium subundulatum (Degel.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
- Lathagrium undulatum (Laurer ex Flot.) Poetsch (1872)
References
- ↑ "Lathagrium". Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/5B9V.
- ↑ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Cannon, Paul; Otálora, Mónica A.G.; Košuthová, Alica; Wedin, Mats; Aptroot, André; Coppins, Brian; Simkin, Janet (2020). "Peltigerales: Collemataceae, including the genera Blennothallia, Callome, Collema, Enchylium, Epiphloea, Lathagrium, Leptogium, Pseudoleptogium, Rostania and Scytinium". Revisions of British and Irish Lichens 2: 1–38. doi:10.34885/174.
Wikidata ☰ Q23768216 entry
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