Biology:Turiasauria
| Turiasaurs | |
|---|---|
.png)
| |
| Amanzia skeletal reconstruction, showing known material in blue | |
| File:Colored Fig 36 Moabo Skeleton.tif | |
| Moabosaurus, with an incorrect Camarasaurus like head | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Clade: | Saurischia |
| Clade: | †Sauropodomorpha |
| Clade: | †Sauropoda |
| Clade: | †Eusauropoda |
| Clade: | †Turiasauria Royo-Torres et al., 2006 |
| Genera[6] | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Turiasauria is an unranked clade of basal sauropod dinosaurs known from Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous deposits in Europe, North America, and Africa.
Description
Turiasauria was originally erected by Royo-Torres et al. (2006) to include Turiasaurus, Galvesaurus and Losillasaurus, all of which hail from the Villar del Arzobispo Formation (Tithonian-Berriasian) of Spain . Turiasuria was defined by the authors as "all Eusauropoda closer to Turiasaurus riodevensis than to Saltasaurus loricatus".[7] Cladistic analysis (Royo-Torres et al., 2006; 1927) of 309 characters and 33 taxa suggests that the turiasaurians lie outside the Neosauropoda and form a monophyletic group. The clade is diagnosed by the presence of vertical neural spines, posterior centroparapohyseal laminae on the dorsal vertebrae, the absence of pre- and postspinal laminae on the dorsal vertebrae, the absence of a scapular acromial crest, the presence of a prominent humeral deltopectoral crest, medial deflection of the proximal end of the humerus, and a distinct vertical ridge on the caudal side of the distal half of the ulna.
Paleobiogeography
Turiasaurs were initially considered confined to Europe, with Turiasaurus from Spain and Zby from Portugal,[8] and the tooth taxa Cardiodon, Neosodon, and Oplosaurus were referred to the clade, but additional members were found in North America and Africa. Heart-shaped teeth are considered a synapomorphy of the turiasauria. Recently a heart shaped tooth found from the Jaisalmer Formation confirmed the presence of this clade in India during the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian).[9] Together with the Narindasaurus from the Bathonian of Madagascar, these are the oldest records of the group. It is therefore suggested that Turiasauria might have originated in Gondwana during the Middle Jurassic.[9] A tooth discovered in the Lower Pliensbachian (Lower Jurassic) Hasle Formation of Bornholm, NHMD 1185136, was also referred to the family, being, if truly a member, 17 My older than any previously known turiasaur.[1]
North American Mierasaurus and Moabosaurus from the Early Cretaceous are also considered to be turiasaurs.[3]
Remains of a very large species of turiasaur, not yet formally identified, have recently been unearthed from the earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian) aged Angeac-Charente bonebed in western France.[10][11]
Indeterminate turiasaur material, consisting of a single vertebra, has been described from an unknown locality in the Early Cretaceous Wealden Group of England.[12]
Classification
Turiasaurus demonstrates that the evolution of enormous body size was not restricted to neosauropod clades such as the Diplodocidae and Titanosauria, but developed independently at least once in a lineage of more basal sauropods, the turiasaurians.
A 2009 thesis published by José Barco proposed that neither Galvesaurus nor Losillasaurus were turiasaurians.[13] Later, a master thesis by Francisco Gascó (2009) and Royo-Torres et al. (2009) reaffirmed the validity of Turiasauria.[14][15]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Milàn, J.; Mateus, O. (2024). "A Turiasaurian (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) Tooth from the Pliensbachian Hasle Formation of Bornholm, Denmark, Shows an Early Jurassic Origin of the Turiasauria". Diversity 16 (1): 12. doi:10.3390/d16010012.
- ↑ Daniela Schwarz; Philip Mannion; Oliver Wings; Christian Meyer (2020). "Re-description of the sauropod dinosaur Amanzia ("Ornithopsis/Cetiosauriscus") greppini n. gen. and other vertebrate remains from the Kimmeridgian (Late Jurassic) Reuchenette Formation of Moutier, Switzerland.". Swiss Journal of Geosciences 113. doi:10.1186/s00015-020-00355-5.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Archana Sharma, Sanjay Singh, Satheesh S R (May 2022). "The first turiasaurian sauropod of India reported from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) sediments of Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan, India". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 304 (2): 187-203. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2022/1064.
- ↑ Rafael Royo-Torres; Alberto Cobos; Pedro Mocho; Luis Alcalá (2020). "Origin and evolution of turiasaur dinosaurs set by means of a new 'rosetta' specimen from Spain". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191: 201–227. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa091.
- ↑ Mannion PD. 2019. A turiasaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Wealden Supergroup of the United Kingdom. PeerJ 7:e6348 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6348
- ↑ Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2012) Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, Winter 2011 Appendix.
- ↑ Royo-Torres, R.; Cobos, A.; Alcalá, L. (2006). "A Giant European Dinosaur and a New Sauropod Clade". Science 314 (5807): 1925–1927. doi:10.1126/science.1132885. PMID 17185599. Bibcode: 2006Sci...314.1925R. http://doc.rero.ch/record/14800/files/PAL_E1949.pdf.
- ↑ Mateus, Octávio; Mannion, Philip D.; Upchurch, Paul (16 April 2014). "Zby atlanticus, a new turiasaurian sauropod (Dinosauria, Eusauropoda) from the Late Jurassic of Portugal". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 618–634. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.822875. Bibcode: 2014JVPal..34..618M.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Sharma, Archana; Singh, Sanjay; S. R., Satheesh (2022-06-10). "The first turiasaurian sauropod of India reported from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) sediments of Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan, India" (in en). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 304 (2): 187–203. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2022/1064. https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/njgpa/detail/304/101378/The_first_turiasaurian_sauropod_of_India_reported_?af=crossref.
- ↑ Ronan Allain, Romain Vullo, Lee Rozada, Jérémy Anquetin, Renaud Bourgeais, et al.. Vertebrate paleobiodiversity of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Angeac-Charente Lagerstätte (southwestern France): implications for continental faunal turnover at the J/K boundary. Geodiversitas, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris, In press. ffhal-03264773f
- ↑ Allain, Ronan, editor (2017): Dinosaures. Les géants du vignoble. Angoulême: Eidola éditions, 248 p.
- ↑ Mannion, Philip D. (2019-01-24). "A turiasaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Wealden Supergroup of the United Kingdom" (in en). PeerJ 7: e6348. doi:10.7717/peerj.6348. ISSN 2167-8359. PMID 30697494.
- ↑ José Luis Barco Rodríguez, Sistemática e implicaciones filogenéticas y paleobiogeográficas del saurópodo Galvesaurus herreroi (Formación Villar del Arzobispo, Galve, España), 2009, Universidad de Zaragoza.
- ↑ Gascó, F (2009): Sistemática y anatomía funcional de Losillasaurus giganteus Casanovas, Santafé & Sanz, 2001 (Turiasauria, Sauropoda). Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
- ↑ Royo-Torres, R.; Cobos, A.; Aberasturi, A.; Espilez, E.; Fierro, I.; González, A.; Luque, L.; Mampel et al. (2009). "High European sauropod dinosaur diversity during Jurassic-Cretaceous transition in Riodeva (Teruel, Spain)". Palaeontology 52 (5): 1009–1027. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00898.x. Bibcode: 2009Palgy..52.1009R.
Sources
- Barco, J. L., Canudo, J. L., Cuenca-Bescós, G. & Ruíz-Omeñaca, J. I., (2005): Un nuevo dinosaurio saurópodo, Galvesaurus herreroi gen. nov., sp. nov., del tránsito Jurásico-Cretácico en Galve (Teruel, NE de España). Naturaleza Aragonesa: Vol. 15, pp 4–17
- Casanovas, M. L.; Santafe, J. V.; Sanz, J. L. (2001). "Losillasaurus giganteus, un nuevo saurópodo del tránsito Jurásico-Cretácico de la Cuenca de "Los Serranos" (Valencia, España)". Paleontologia i Evolució (32–33): 99–122.
- P. D. Mannion, P. Upchurch, D. Schwarz, O. Wings (2019). "Taxonomic affinities of the putative titanosaurs from the Late Jurassic Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania: phylogenetic and biogeographic implications for eusauropod dinosaur evolution". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185 (3): 784-909. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly068.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q3183209 entry
 |  |
