Biology:Dendropithecidae
| Dendropithecidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Dendropithecus macinnesi | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Parvorder: | Catarrhini |
| Superfamily: | Hominoidea |
| Family: | †Dendropithecidae Harrison, 2002 |
| Genera | |
|
†Dendropithecus | |
The family Dendropithecidae is an extinct family of catarrhine monkeys. They date from the Early Miocene, around 20 - 12 million years ago.[1]
Fossils of the two Dendropithecus species, Dendropithecus macinnesi and Dendropithecus ugandensis, have been found in East Africa, including several partial skeletons of Dendropithecus macinnesi on Rusinga Island in Lake Victoria. Other species are Simiolus andrewsi, Simiolus cheptumoae, Simiolus enjiessi.[1] Micropithecus clarki and Micropithecus leakeyorum may not be part Dendropithecidae, and may be sister to the crown Catarrhini (or, depending on the definition, the apes and the Cercopithecidae may have emerged in the Dendropithecidae).[2] The later Nyanzapithecinae (including Oreopithecus († 7 Ma)[3]) appear to be sister to Simiolus.[2]
| Crown Catarrhini |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description
The taxa included in Dendropithecidae, possess the following traits:[4]
- Upper and lower canines strongly bilaterally compressed
- P3 moderately to strongly specialized for sectoriality
- Slender limb bones
- Humerus with a relatively straight shaft
- Medial epicondyle of the humerus is large and medially directed
- Epitrochlear fossa is well developed
- Zona conoidea is broad and shallow
- Trochlear articular surface exhibits minimal spooling
- Olecranon fossa is shallow
Micropithecus appears to be sister to the crown catarrhini.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Catarrhine Origins". A Companion To Paleoanthropology. Wiley Blackwell. 2013. pp. 376–396. ISBN 978-1-118-33237-5. https://www.academia.edu/7124992.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Primitive Old World monkey from the earliest Miocene of Kenya and the evolution of cercopithecoid bilophodonty". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116 (13): 6051–6056. March 2019. doi:10.1073/pnas.1815423116. PMID 30858323. Bibcode: 2019PNAS..116.6051R.
- ↑ Nengo, Isaiah; Tafforeau, Paul; Gilbert, Christopher C.; Fleagle, John G.; Miller, Ellen R.; Feibel, Craig; Fox, David L.; Feinberg, Josh et al. (2017). "New infant cranium from the African Miocene sheds light on ape evolution" (in en). Nature 548 (7666): 169–174. doi:10.1038/nature23456. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 28796200. Bibcode: 2017Natur.548..169N. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1570349/1/Spoor_Nengo-et-al_text.pdf.
- ↑ "Late Oligocene to middle Miocene catarrhines from Afro-Arabia". The Primate Fossil Record. Cambridge University Press. 2002. pp. 311–338. Bibcode: 2002prfr.book.....H.
Wikidata ☰ Q5802631 entry
 |  |
