Biology:Mitella diphylla
| Two-leaved miterwort | |
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| Mitella diphylla in Hector, New York | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Saxifragales |
| Family: | Saxifragaceae |
| Genus: | Mitella |
| Species: | M. diphylla
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| Binomial name | |
| Mitella diphylla | |
Mitella diphylla (twoleaf miterwort,[1] two-leaved mitrewort,[2] or bishop's cap)[3] is a clump forming, open woodland plant native to northeast and midwest regions of North America.[4]
Description
Miterwort grows from a rhizomatous root system with fibrous roots. Leaves are coarsely toothed with 3-5 shallow lobes.[5] Most leaves are basal, and there is one opposite pair of stemless leaves on each flower stalk.
Tiny flowers with finely divided, lacy white petals are produced in mid-spring in racemes on stems growing from 20 to 50 cm (8 to 20 in) tall.
The seeds are tiny, 1.2–1.6 mm (0.05–0.06 in),[5] produced in small green cups, formed from the sepals of the flower, and when ripe are shiny and black.[6] They are spread when raindrops hit the cups and splash the seeds out.[3]
It grows in high quality mesic forests on moist, mossy ledges and north-facing slopes. The Latin specific epithet diphylla means two-leaved and is in reference to the non-basal leaves.[4]
Ecology
The flowers produce both pollen and nectar. Due to their small size, they are mainly visited by small bees and flies: for instance, Lasioglossum sweat bees, small carpenter bees (Ceratina) and hoverflies.[7]
Cultivation
This species is grown as an ornamental plant in shade gardens. It prefers wet-mesic to dry soil and partial shade.[7]
References
- ↑ "Mitella diphylla". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=MIDI3. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
- ↑ (xls) BSBI List 2007, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, https://bsbi.org/download/3542/, retrieved 2014-10-17
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hilty, John (2016). "Bishop's Cap (Mitella diphylla)". http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/woodland/plants/bishop_cap.htm.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Mitella diphylla - Plant Finder". https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?isprofile=0&n=1&taxonid=286875.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Soltis, Douglas E.; Freeman, Craig C. (2009), "Mitella diphylla", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA), 8, New York and Oxford, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220008661, retrieved 26 April 2016
- ↑ Chayka, Katy; Dziuk, Peter (2016), Mitella diphylla (Two-leaf Miterwort), https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/two-leaf-miterwort
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Heather Holm (2014). Pollinators on Native Plants. Minnetonka, MN: Pollinator Press. pp. 110–111.
- Pink, A. (2004). Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11892.
- Blanchan, Neltje (2005). Wild Flowers Worth Knowing. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.
External links
- "Two-leaved Miterwort Mitella diphylla Linnaeus". Maryland Biodiversity Project. https://www.marylandbiodiversity.com/view/2150.
Wikidata ☰ Q16755693 entry
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