Biology:Batasio

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Short description: Genus of fishes

Batasio
Batasio fasciolatus.jpg
Batasio fasciolatus
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Bagridae
Genus: Batasio
Blyth, 1860
Type species
Pimelodus batasio
F. Hamilton, 1822

Batasio is a genus of catfish of the family Bagridae. These small fish are found in fast-flowing hillstreams throughout South and mainland Southeast Asia.

Taxonomy

Batasio was first described by Edward Blyth in 1860 with Batasio buchanani (a needless renaming of Batasio batasio) designated as type.[1] B. pakistanicus, described in 1989, is tentatively placed in Batasio, but its generic placement is questionable.[2][3]

Species

There are currently 18 recognized species in this genus:

  • Batasio affinis Blyth, 1860
  • Batasio batasio (F. Hamilton, 1822)
  • Batasio convexirostrum Darshan, Anganthoibi & Vishwanath, 2011[4]
  • Batasio dayi (Vinciguerra, 1890)
  • Batasio elongatus H. H. Ng, 2004[2]
  • Batasio fasciolatus H. H. Ng, 2006[5]
  • Batasio feruminatus H. H. Ng & Kottelat, 2008[6]
  • Batasio flavus Plamoottil, 2015[7]
  • Batasio fluviatilis (F. Day, 1888)
  • Batasio macronotus H. H. Ng & Edds, 2004[3]
  • Batasio merianiensis (B. L. Chaudhuri, 1913)
  • Batasio pakistanicus Mirza & M. A. Jan, 1989
  • Batasio procerus H. H. Ng, 2008[8]
  • Batasio sharavatiensis Bhatt & Jayaram, 2004[9]
  • Batasio spilurus H. H. Ng, 2006[5]
  • Batasio tengana (F. Hamilton, 1822)
  • Batasio tigrinus H. H. Ng & Kottelat, 2001
  • Batasio travancoria

Distribution

Batasio species are generally found throughout South and mainland Southeast Asia.[2] B. affinis is found in Myanmar.[10] B. fluviatilis is found in Northern Malay Peninsula.[11] B. tigrinus is also recorded from Thailand.[12] B. dayi originates from the Salween and Irrawaddy River drainages in Myanmar.[13] B. elongatus is found in southwestern Myanmar.[2] B. macronotus originates from eastern Nepal.[3] B. pakistanicus is found in the Indus River.[14] B. batasio also originates from northern India where it shares its habitat with Mystus vittatus.[15] B. fasciolatus is known from the Tista River drainage, a tributary of the Brahmaputra River.[5] B. merianiensis is found in the Brahmaputra River drainage.[5] B. sharavatiensis originates from the Sharavati River in Uttara Kannada, Karnataka.[9] B. spilurus is known from the Brahmaputra River drainage in the vicinity of Dibrugarh.[5] B. tengana is known from the Ganges and the Brahmaputra River drainages; it is apparently restricted to upper reaches of larger rivers.[5] B. travancoria is distributed in the Chittar, Kallada and Pamba Rivers in southern Kerala and is considered a rare species.[9]

Appearance and anatomy

Batasio species typically have enlarged sensory pores on their head, laterally compressed heads and bodies, and at least 35 vertebrae.[5] B. tengana, B. pakistanicus and B. spilurus differ from other Batasio species in that their adipose fin is much shorter.[5] These fish are small catfish.[2] B. pakistanicus and B. spilurus are the smallest species, reaching only 35 millimetres (1.4 in) SL and 45 mm (1.8 in) SL respectively.[5] The other species range from 55–101 mm (2.2–4.0 in) SL.[5]

B. affinis, B. dayi, and B. fluviatilis have bars or bands, spots or stripes, and are not plain-bodied.[9] B. pakistanicus has a black humeral spot with a dark streak on the dorsum.[9] B. batasio has a dark stripe along the lateral line and another above.[9] B. batasio does not exceed 10 centimetres (4 in).[15] B. fasciolatus and B. tigrinus are the only Batasio species in which the adult colouration consists of five or six vertical dark brown bars on a light brown body.[5] B. tengana has bands descending from the dorsal surface to the lateral line.[9] B. travancoria has a lateral stripe along the lateral line and a faint shoulder spot.[9] B. sharavatiensis is the only Batasio that has a completely plain and colourless body; its adipose fin is almost confluent (continuous) with the caudal fin save for a small notch.[9]

Batasio, like most other bagrids, are easy to sex. The male has a visible genital papilla just fore of the anal fin.[15] Gravid female B. tengana (South East Asian form) are easy to identify because the pink eggs can be seen through their semi-transparent belly when they swim near light.[15]

Ecology

Batasio species generally are found in fast-flowing hillstreams.[2] B. fluviatilis is found in rivers and streams with moderate to swift current and a predominantly rocky bottom, and is less often in slow-flowing streams with a muddy substrate.[11] B. tengana occurs in rivers and canals and is found in torrential streams.[16] B. travancoria occurs in hillstreams and rivers at the bases of hills.[17] B. fluviatilis hide among stones or submerged vegetation during the day and come out at night to feed.[11] B. batasio appears to mimic Mystus vittatus, with which it inhabits the same habitat.[15]

In the aquarium

B. tengana, though uncommon, is the most commonly encountered species of Batasio in the aquarium hobby.[15] B. tengana does well in captivity, and has been bred in captivity. The fish spawned in soft neutral water, but raising the fry, of which there were over 200, proved difficult.[15] The temperature for the Indian species should remain between 20–22 °C (68–72 °F); the Southeast Asian Batasio will tolerate slightly warmer waters. It appears that all Batasio need a lot of current and a high oxygen content.[15]

B. batasio is another species in the hobby, but can be easily confused with Mystus vittatus.[15] B. travancoria has only once been imported to the U.S.[15] In captivity, the experience of one aquarist is that specimens of B. travancoria show little interest in all foods offered and slowly lose weight over a span of a few months and perish.[15]

References

  1. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). Species of Batasio in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Ng, H.H. (2004). "Batasio elongatus, a new species of bagrid catfish from southwest Myanmar (Siluriformes: Bagridae)". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 15 (1): 67–70. http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/04biol/pdf/ief15_1_07.pdf. Retrieved 2007-06-04. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ng, H.H.; Edds, D.R. (2004). "Batasio macronotus, a new species of bagrid catfish from Nepal (Teleostei: Bagridae)". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 15 (4): 295–300. http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/04biol/pdf/ief15_4_02.pdf. Retrieved 2007-06-04. 
  4. ↑ Darshan, A.; Anganthoibi, N.; Vishwanath, W. (2011). "Batasio convexirostrum, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Bagridae) from Koladyne basin, India". Zootaxa 2901: 52–58. http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/z02901p058f.pdf. 
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 Ng, H.H. (2006). "The identity of Batasio tengana (Hamilton, 1822), with the description of two new species of Batasio from north-eastern India (Teleostei: Bagridae)". Journal of Fish Biology 68 (Suppl. A): 101–118. doi:10.1111/j.0022-1112.2006.001019.x. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74276/1/j.0022-1112.2006.001019.x.pdf. 
  6. ↑ Ng, H.H.; Kottelat, M. (2008). "Batasio feruminatus, a new species of bagrid catfish from Myanmar (Siluriformes: Bagridae), with notes on the identity of B. affinis and B. fluviatilis". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 18 (4): 289–300. 
  7. ↑ Plamoottil, M. (2015). "Batasio flavus, a new catfish species (Siluriformes: Bagridae) from Kerala, India". Journal of Research in Biology 5 (5): 1799–1808. http://jresearchbiology.com/documents/RA0520.pdf. 
  8. ↑ Ng, H.H. (2008). "Batasio procerus, a new species of catfish from northern Myanmar (Siluriformes: Bagridae)". Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 19 (1): 1–6. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 Bhatt, A.; Jayaram, K.C. (2004). "A New Species of the Genus Batasio Blyth (Siluriformes: Bagridae) from Sharavati River, Uttara Kannada, Karnataka". Zoos' Print Journal 19 (2): 1339–1342. http://www.geocities.com/fishyanu/Batasio.pdf. 
  10. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). "Batasio affinis" in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). "Batasio fluviatilis" in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  12. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). "Batasio tigrinus" in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  13. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). "Batasio dayi" in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  14. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). "Batasio pakistanicus" in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 Linder, R.S. (2000). "The Catfishes of Asia Family Bagridae part one". Cat Chat 1 (1). http://www.catfishstudygroup.org/pdf/catfishes_of_asia1.pdf. 
  16. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). "Batasio tengana" in FishBase. October 2015 version.
  17. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2015). "Batasio travancoria" in FishBase. October 2015 version.

Wikidata ☰ Q3346558 entry



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