Biology:Lutra

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Short description: Genus of carnivores

Lutra
Fischotter Lutra lutra1.jpg
Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Mustelidae
Subfamily: Lutrinae
Genus: Lutra
Brisson, 1762
Type species
Mustela lutra
Linnaeus, 1758
Species
  • Lutra lutra
  • Lutra sumatrana
  • Lutra nippon
Lutra ranges.png
Range of Lutra lutra (brown), Lutra sumatrana (green)

Lutra is a genus of otters, one of seven in the subfamily Lutrinae.

Taxonomy and evolution

The genus includes these species:

Extant species

Image Scientific name Common name Distribution
Fischotter, Lutra Lutra.JPG L. lutra Eurasian otter coasts of Europe, many parts of Asia, and parts of northern Africa
Otter from Cambodia.jpg L. sumatrana Hairy-nosed otter Southeast Asia

Extinct species

Image Scientific name Common name Distribution
Japanese otter.jpg L. nippon Japanese otter Japan
  • Lutra affinis
  • Lutra bressana
  • Lutra bravardi
  • Lutra castiglionis
  • Lutra euxena
  • Lutra fatimazohrae
  • Lutra franconica
  • Lutra hearsti
  • Lutra palaeindica
  • Lutra simplicidens
  • Lutra trinacriae

The genus most likely evolved in Asia during the late Pliocene epoch;[1] the oldest fossil belonging to the genus is of the species L. palaeindica, and dates from the late Pliocene.[2]

Habitat

Lutra species are semiaquatic mammals, so they are well-adapted to both water and land. They prefer shallow, narrow areas of streams surrounded by mature trees and with rocks, especially where weirs reduce the flow of the water, as well as attract fishes. They seem to tolerate roads and residential and agricultural areas, but only moderate human interaction. They clearly avoid areas without vegetation cover and rocks.[3]

Diet

The otters' diets consist mainly of fish (hence, the aquatic environment). However, during the winter and in colder environments, fish consumption is significantly lower and the otters use other resources for their food supply. Their diets can consist of amphibians (mainly frogs and pond turtles), bird predation (mainly anserine species), small rodents, and invertebrates such as water beetles, snails, and crayfish. They have also feed on plants, specifically grasses. With this large diversity of prey and resources for their diets, otters are considered "opportunistic eaters".[4]

Behavior

Some otters live in solitude, while others live in groups.

References

  1. Koepfli, K.-P. (2008). "Multigene phylogeny of the Mustelidae: Resolving relationships, tempo and biogeographic history of a mammalian adaptive radiation". BMC Biology 6 (10): 10. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-10. PMID 18275614. 
  2. Larivière, S. (2002). "Lutra maculicollis". Mammalian Species 712: Number 712: pp. 1–6. doi:10.1644/1545-1410(2002)712<0001:LM>2.0.CO;2. 
  3. Cho, Hee-Sun; Choi, Kwang-Hee; Lee, Sang-Don; Park, Young-Seuk (2009). "Characterizing habitat preference of Eurasian river otter (Lutra lutra) in streams using a self-organizing map". Limnology 10 (3): 203. doi:10.1007/s10201-009-0275-7. 
  4. Lanszki, József; Molnár, M.; Molnár, T. (2006). "Factors affecting the predation of otter (Lutra lutra) on European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis)". Journal of Zoology 270 (2): 219. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00132.x. 

Wikidata ☰ Q446882 entry