Engineering:DualShock

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Short description: Line of gamepads developed by Sony

The DualShock (originally Dual Shock, trademarked as DUALSHOCK or DUAL SHOCK, PlayStation 5 version named DualSense) is a line of gamepads developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation family of video game consoles. It is named for vibration-feedback and analog controls.[1] It was introduced in November 1997 as a secondary peripheral for the first PlayStation console. The console's bundle was updated to include DualShock, and phase out the original PlayStation controller and the Dual Analog Controller. The DualShock is the best-selling gamepad of all time by units sold, excluding bundled controllers.[2]

DualShock

DualShock
DualShock Wordmark.png
PSX-DualShock-Controller.jpg
Original grey version of the DualShock controller
DeveloperSony Interactive Entertainment
ManufacturerSony Corporation
TypeGamepad
GenerationFifth
Release dateNovember 20, 1997[3]
InputController port
  • 2 × analog sticks (8-bit precision)
  • 13 × digital buttons
    (Triangle, 11px
ConnectivityPlayStation (2) controller port
DimensionsBody
  • 157 mm × 95 mm × 55 mm
  • 6.18 in × 3.74 in × 2.16 in

Cable

  • 2 m
  • 6.56 ft
PredecessorDual Analog
SuccessorDualShock 2
Island Blue
Dark gray

The DualShock Analog Controller (models: SCPH-1200; US models: SCPH-110U[4]) can provide vibration feedback based on game activity, and input through two analog sticks. Its name derives from its dual vibration motors. These motors are housed within the handles, with the left one being larger and more powerful than the one on the right, so to allow for varying levels of vibration. Nintendo 64's Rumble Pak has only one motor and has battery power, but all corded varieties of the DualShock are powered by the PlayStation. The rumble feature of the DualShock is similar to that of the Japanese version of the Dual Analog Controller, a feature that was removed shortly after that controller was released.

The DualShock, like its predecessor the Dual Analog controller, has two analog sticks. Unlike the earlier controller, the DualShock's analog sticks feature textured rubber grips rather than the smooth plastic tips with recessed grooves found on the Dual Analog controller. Other visible differences between the Dual Analog and the DualShock include the longer grips and handles and slightly larger L2/R2 buttons. The Dual Analog controller also has an additional mode accessible by pressing the "Analog" button again after pressing it once that provides compatibility with the PlayStation Analog Joystick, which results in the analog indicator light turning green instead of red. Unfortunately, this feature was removed from the DualShock, meaning that the player has to retain their Dual Analog controller if they wish to use the PlayStation Analog Joystick compatibility mode.

The DualShock, and its following designs also includes a direction pad, Start and Select button, and four face buttons with labelling, which was first introduced on the original PlayStation controller using simple geometric shapes which include a green triangle, a red circle, a blue cross, and a pink square (Triangle, Circle, Cross, Square). The controller's designer Teiyu Goto had intended the circle and cross to represent "yes" and "no" respectively as common in Japanese culture, and thus typically used for "confirm" and "cancel" in most PlayStation games respectively (they are placed similarly to the A and B buttons on the Super Famicom controller, which had similar functions), while the triangle symbolizes a point of view and the square is equated to a sheet of paper there to be used to access menus. In Western releases, the circle and cross functions are often switched (circle to cancel, cross to confirm) or reassigned to a different button (cross to confirm, triangle to cancel).[5][6]

The DualShock controller is widely supported; shortly after its launch most new games, including Waku Waku Puyo Puyo Dungeon, Crash Bandicoot, Spyro the Dragon, and Tekken 3 include support for the vibration feature and dual analog sticks, and Capcom re-released Resident Evil: Director's Cut and Resident Evil 2 with support for the controller added to these newer versions. Some games designed for the Dual Analog's vibration capability, such as Porsche Challenge and Crash Bandicoot 2, also work. Many games take advantage of the presence of two motors to provide vibration effects in stereo including Gran Turismo and the PlayStation port of Quake II. Released in 1999, the PlayStation hit Ape Escape is the first game to explicitly require DualShock/Dual-Analog-type controllers, with its gameplay requiring the use of both analog sticks.

In 2000, the PS one (a redesigned version of the original PlayStation) was released with a slightly redesigned DualShock Controller (SCPH-110(U)). This controller was similar to the first one, except with a "PSone" word mark replacing "PlayStation" underneath the logo, a purple hue on the buttons and sticks to match the color scheme of the PSone, a semicircle-shaped connector, and multiple color options for the body.[7]

The DualShock is compatible with the PlayStation 2, as they use the same connector and protocol. This is part of the PlayStation 2's backward compatibility. However, certain PS2 games that utilize the DualShock 2's analog buttons, such as The Bouncer, Grand Theft Auto, and many others that utilize the analog buttons are not compatible with the DualShock.

DualShock 2

DualShock 2
DualShock2 Wordmark.svg
PlayStation2-DualShock2.jpg
DualShock 2 controller
DeveloperSony Interactive Entertainment
ManufacturerSony Corporation
TypeGamepad
GenerationSixth
Release date
  • JP: March 4, 2000
  • NA: October 26, 2000
  • EU: November 24, 2000
  • AU: November 30, 2000
Input
  • 2 × analog sticks (8-bit precision)
  • 8 × pressure-sensitive buttons
    (Triangle, 11px
ConnectivityPlayStation (2) controller port
DimensionsBody
  • 157 mm × 95 mm × 55 mm
  • 6.18 in × 3.74 in × 2.16 in

Cable

  • 2.4 m
  • 7.87 ft
Mass7.4 oz (0.21 kg)
PredecessorDualShock
SuccessorSixaxis, DualShock 3
Namco CyberLead 2 arcade cabinet with DualShock (2) inputs and memory card slots

The DualShock 2 Analog Controller (SCPH-10010; US models: SCPH-10010U/97026[8]) included with PlayStation 2's launch is almost identical externally as the previous DualShock analog controller, with a few minor cosmetic changes. It has different screw positioning and one fewer screw. A blue DualShock 2 logo was added to the top of the controller, the connector is more square than the DualShock, and both the cable and connector are black rather than grey. The standard controller is black (other colors came later), rather than grey as with the original DualShock. The analog sticks are stiffer than on the original DualShock.

Internally, the DualShock 2 is lighter and all of the buttons (except for the Analog mode, start, select, L3 and R3 buttons) are readable as analog values (pressure-sensitive).[9] The DualShock 2 can sense 256 levels of pressure.[10]

The DualShock 2 has been made available in various colors: black, satin silver, ceramic white, slate grey, clear, ocean blue, emerald green, crimson red, lemon yellow, and candy pink.

Some coin operated arcade cabinets have connections for DualShock or DualShock 2 controllers, including Namco's Tekken 5[11] and Konami's Winning Eleven Arcade Championship 2012.[12]

The original PlayStation is forward compatible with the DualShock 2. The PlayStation 3 is backward compatible with the DualShock and DualShock 2 by the use of third party peripherals, which connect the controller to the console via a USB port. However, the DualShock and DualShock 2 will not work properly with games that require Sixaxis functionality, such as Heavy Rain.

DualShock 3

DualShock 3
DualShock 3 logo.svg
DualShock 3.jpg
DualShock 3 controller
DeveloperSony Interactive Entertainment
ManufacturerSony Corporation
TypeGamepad
GenerationSeventh
Release date
Input
  • Motion sensing (3 axes, 6 degrees of freedom)
  • 2 × analog sticks (10-bit precision)
  • 2 × analog triggers
    (L2, R2)
  • 6 × pressure-sensitive buttons
    (Triangle, 11px
ConnectivityUSB, Bluetooth (PS3 and PSP Go)
PowerLithium-ion battery (3.7 V 300 mA or 5.0 V[citation needed] 500 mA[citation needed]), USB host powered
Dimensions160 mm × 97 mm × 55 mm (6.30 in × 3.82 in × 2.17 in)
Mass192 g (6.77 oz)
PredecessorSixaxis, DualShock 2
SuccessorDualShock 4
Ceramic white DualShock 3
DualShock 3 and Sixaxis

The DualShock 3 wireless controller (SCPH-98050/CECHZC2) is a gamepad for the PlayStation 3, and was announced at the 2007 Tokyo Game Show. It succeeds the Sixaxis wireless controller originally released with earlier versions of the console. The DualShock 3 is nearly identical to the previous Sixaxis version but adds the haptic feedback capabilities found in the DualShock and DualShock 2. Sony settled a patent infringement lawsuit with Immersion in March 2007 following a lengthy legal battle. The settlement cleared the way for incorporating the vibration feature that the Sixaxis lacks.[16] Both the vibration function and motion-sensing capabilities of the DualShock 3 can be used simultaneously without one interfering with the other. Like the Sixaxis, it has a USB mini-B port for charging and can also be used on a PSP Go and the PlayStation TV via Bluetooth, though the controller and the PSP Go or the PlayStation TV must be registered using a PS3 console.

The DualShock 3 can be identified by its "DualShock 3" and "Sixaxis" markings. It also weighs 192 grams (6.8 oz), 40% more than its predecessor, the Sixaxis, which weighed only 137.1 grams (4.84 oz).

The rear markings indicate the original DualShock 3 draws up to 300 mA of current at 3.7 V for a power consumption of 1.11 W, an order of magnitude increase from the 30 mA of current at 3.7 V (0.111 W) listed on the Sixaxis. However, this current is not drawn constantly and is the maximum current when the rumble is active. Its main power source is an internal 3.7 V Li-ion battery tentatively capable of storing 570 mAh, which provides up to 30 hours of continuous gaming on a full charge. Third party replacement batteries are also available. Like the Sixaxis, the DualShock 3 comes with instructions on how to remove and replace the battery. The DualShock 3 can also draw power over a USB cable via a USB mini-B connector on the top of the controller. This allows the controller to be used when the battery is low and is also used for charging the battery. When connected via USB, the controller communicates with the console through the USB cable, rather than Bluetooth.

Along with the release of the 'slim' model PS3, Sony released a new version of the DualShock 3 (A1) which uses 5.0 V at 500 mA while connected, but still contains a 3.7 V battery.[citation needed] This revision of the DualShock 3 does away with the additional plastic brackets between the L1/R1 buttons and the L2/R2 triggers (increasing controller rigidity), has indicator lights soldered directly to the board, and comes in slightly revised color schemes.[citation needed]

While the DualShock 3 is compatible with any standard USB mini-B cable and many USB chargers, official charging cables are available from Sony. These include an official cable, the USB 2.0 Cable Pack and a wall charger, the AC adapter charging kit. Any third-party USB charger used must act as a USB host device, rather than simply providing power over the appropriate pins, since both the Sixaxis and DualShock 3 require a host signal to "wake up" and begin charging.

A Sony representative confirmed on April 2, 2008, that the original Sixaxis controller would officially be discontinued with the release of the haptic-feedback enabled DualShock 3 in mid-April 2008. The Sixaxis was no longer produced after 2008, being dropped from stock by most retailers.[17]

Variations

The DualShock 3 has been produced in various colors: black, satin silver, ceramic white, classic white,[18] metallic blue, deep red,[19] pink,[20] "jungle green" (olive), "candy blue" (light blue),[21] "urban camouflage" (three-color digital camouflage), "crimson red" (transparent red), and "cosmic blue" (transparent blue). Not all colors have been made available in all markets or at all times.

Additional colors have been released alongside limited edition consoles, including gun-metal grey[22] and "cloud black" (dark grey).[23]

A limited edition baseball themed DualShock 3 controller was released on March 8, 2011, to coincide with the release of MLB 11.[24] Another color, "Metallic Gold", became available in June 2012 as a limited edition in Europe,[25] and in North America it is sold exclusively in GameStop from October 2012.[26][27] A limited edition God of War controller is available in the UK as part of a console bundle to coincide with the launch of the game[28] and in the Americas as a game and controller bundle. On November 1, 2013, Sony announced a new transparent Crystal model of the DualShock 3 controller in Japan.[29]

DualShock 4

DualShock 4
DualShock 4.jpg
DualShock 4 controller
DeveloperSony Interactive Entertainment
ManufacturerSony Corporation
TypeGamepad
GenerationEighth
Release date
  • NA: November 15, 2013
  • PAL: November 29, 2013
  • JP: February 22, 2014
Input
  • 6 axis motion sensing (3 axis accelerometer, 3 axis gyroscope)
  • 2 × analog sticks
  • 2 × analog triggers
    (L2, R2)
  • 12 × digital buttons
    (Triangle, 11px
ConnectivitymicroUSB (Micro-B) 2.0, Bluetooth v2.1+EDR,[30] 3.5 mm TRRS (CTIA) stereo headset jack, extension port
Power3.7 V 1000 mAh Li-ion battery,[30] USB 3.0 host powered
Dimensions162 mm × 52 mm × 98 mm (6.4 in × 2.0 in × 3.9 in)[30]
Mass210 g (7.4 oz)[30]
PredecessorDualShock 3
SuccessorDualSense
This diagram of the DualShock 4 controller from the back left shows the light bar (blue) used for player identification, micro USB port, the touch pad, SHARE and OPTIONS buttons, and the other controls.

The DualShock 4 (CUH-ZCT1 or CUH-ZCT2) is the PlayStation 4's controller. It has several new features from DualShock 3. One new feature is a built-in two-point capacitive touch pad on the front of the controller, which can be clicked.[30] This allows the touch pad to represent multiple buttons, as demonstrated in the PS4 version of Elite Dangerous in which the four corners of the touch pad can be mapped to a separate clickable actions.[32] The controller supports motion detection via a three-axis gyroscope and three-axis accelerometer and vibration.[30] It includes a non-removable,[33] rechargeable 3.7 V, 1000 mAh lithium-ion battery, which can be charged while the system is in rest mode. It weighs 210 g (7.4 oz) and has dimensions of 162 mm × 52 mm × 98 mm (6.4 in × 2.0 in × 3.9 in).[33]

The front of the controller features a light bar containing three LEDs that, when lit in conjunction, cause the light bar to glow a variety of colors. Developed for PlayStation VR,[34] it can be used to identify players by matching the colors of the characters they control in a game, or to provide enhanced feedback or immersion by changing patterns or colors in reaction to gameplay.[35][36] An early example of this is displayed in the game Grand Theft Auto V; the light bar will flash red and blue when the player is wanted by the police, simulating the flashing lights of a police car. The light bar is also used in conjunction with the PlayStation Camera to judge the positions and movements of multiple players.[35]

The controller features several input and output connectors: a stereo headset jack (3.5 mm CTIA TRRS connector), a micro-USB port, and an extension port.[30] It can be charged using the console, using a dedicated charging station, or via microUSB using a standalone charger.[30] It also includes a mono speaker, like the Wii Remote, and is the second major controller in video game history to have such feature.[30]

The DualShock 4 features the following buttons: PS button, SHARE button, OPTIONS button, directional buttons, action buttons (triangle, circle, cross,[37] square), shoulder buttons (R1/L1), triggers (R2/L2), analog stick click buttons (L3/R3), and a touch pad click button.[30] These mark several changes from the DualShock 3 and other previous PlayStation controllers. The START and SELECT buttons have been merged into a single OPTIONS button.[30][33] A dedicated SHARE button allows players to upload screenshots and videos from their gameplay experiences.[30] The joysticks and triggers have been redesigned based on developer input,[30] with the ridged surface of the joysticks now featuring an outer ring surrounding the convex dome caps.

The DualShock 4's buttons differ slightly in functionality from the DualShock 3. Only the L2 and R2 triggers are pressure-sensitive, a change from the functionality of the DualShock 2 and 3. This is likely due to the fact that most games did not utilize these buttons as well as due to it not being used on competitors' controllers.

The PlayStation 3 is forward compatible with the DualShock 4 (originally only via a microUSB cable). Firmware update 4.60 for the PS3 adds wireless connectivity; however, motion and vibration functions are not supported.[38] As the START and SELECT buttons are no longer present, the OPTIONS and SHARE buttons respectively replace them. The PS button does not work, thus requiring the console to be reset in order to go back to the menu. The DualShock 4 is also compatible with PS4 titles on PlayStation 5.

Version issues and modifications

Sony's earlier DualShock 4 controllers (CUH-ZCT1 controllers) have wear issues with the rubber surface on both analog sticks which exhibited excessive wear or tearing after short-term use. In January 2014, Sony issued a statement acknowledging an issue on 10% of controllers.[39]

On September 15, 2016, a second version of DualShock 4 controllers was released, the DualShock Version 2 (CUH-ZCT2), which hosts slight improvements over the original DualShock 4, including USB communication, improved triggers and joysticks, a longer battery life and the ability to see the light bar from the top of the touchpad.[40]

In the first generation controller, the light bar is a permanently illuminated, bright-colored light. The needless light pollution and battery drain prompted inquiries as to whether the light bar could be switched off by users. Sony executive Shuhei Yoshida initially responded in the negative in July 2013,[41][42] though game developers have the option to disable the light in game.[43] In early 2014, the company announced that a future update would allow the light bar to be dimmed,[44] which was delivered in 1.70 in April 2014.[45]

Variations

Tincture

The original DualShock 4 (CUH-ZCT1) is available in Jet Black, Glacier White, Urban Camouflage, Wave Blue (black back), Magma Red (black back), Gold, Silver, and Steel Black.[46]

The newer DualShock 4 (CUH-ZCT2) has been produced in Jet Black, Glacier White, Green Camouflage, Blue Camouflage, Red Camouflage, Rose Gold, Electric Purple, Wave Blue (blue back), Magma Red (red back), Gold, Silver, Sunset Orange, Crystal, Red Crystal, Blue Crystal, Steel Black, Midnight Blue,[47] Metallic Copper, Alpine Green, and Berry Blue.

Generations

Several versions of the DualShock 4 controller were released.

DualShock 4 generation by model number[48]
Model Version Generation Beginning of model no. End of model no.
CUH-ZCT1 none 1 or 2 4-472-348-... 11F1, 12F1, 31F1, 41F2, 01G, 02G, 03G, 21G
4-539-610-.. 71F1
1 3 4-472-348-... 13F1, 33F1, 42F2, 51F1, 61F2, 04G, 23G
4-473-498-... 11F1, 02G, 01G
4-573-474-... 11F1, 21F2, 31F1, 01G
4-539-610-... 31F1, 32F1, 02G
CUH-ZCT2 2 4 or 5 4-594-645-... 11F1, 21F2, 01G, 31G, 51G, 61F1, 41G, 61G, 02G, 22F2
4-594-662-... 61F1, 22F2, 01G, 02G, 32G, 71F2, 03G
4-698-771-... 42F1, 23F2, 01G, 32G
4-739-192-... 01F1

Exclusive console bundles with DualShock 4 include the 20th Anniversary Edition, Gun Metal, Batman, Metal Gear Solid V, Call of Duty,[49] Uncharted 4, Star Wars Battlefront, Monster Hunter World, God of War, Gran Turismo Sport, Call of Duty: World War II, The Days of Play, Marvel's Spider-Man, Death Stranding,[50] The Last of Us Part II,[51] and the 500 Million Limited Edition PS4 Pro.

DualSense

DualSense
Playstation DualSense Controller.png
DualSense controller
DeveloperSony Interactive Entertainment
ManufacturerSony Corporation
TypeGamepad
GenerationNinth
Release date
  • AU/JP/KR/NA/NZ: November 12, 2020
  • WW: November 19, 2020
  • INA: January 22, 2021
  • IND: February 2, 2021
  • CHN: May 15, 2021
Input
  • 6 axis motion sensing (3 axis accelerometer, 3 axis gyroscope)
  • 2 × analog sticks
  • 2 × analog triggers
    (L2, R2)
  • 13 × digital buttons
    (Triangle, 11px
ConnectivityUSB-C, Bluetooth 5.1, 3.5 mm TRRS (OMTP) stereo headset jack[52]
Power3.65 V 1560 mAh Li-ion battery (non-removable)[52]
Dimensions160 mm × 66 mm × 106 mm (6.3 in × 2.6 in × 4.2 in)[52][53]
Mass280 g (9.88 oz)[52]
PredecessorDualShock 4

The DualSense (CFI-ZCT1W) is the PlayStation 5's controller and was unveiled on April 7, 2020. It is based on the DualShock 4 controller that came before it but with an evolution to its design and capabilities influenced by discussions with game designers and players.

DualSense has several updates over DualShock:

  • The DualSense supports vibrotactile haptic provided by voice coil actuators integrated in the palm grips, and force feedback for the Adaptive Triggers provided by two DC rotary motors.[55] The actuators in the hand grip able to give varied and intuitive feedback about in-game actions for example, in a sandstorm, you can feel the wind and sand, and the motors in the Adaptive Triggers supporting experiences such as virtually drawing an arrow from a bow.
  • The DualSense has a two-tone coloring scheme (primarily white with black facing) and monochrome action buttons, marking the first time the action buttons for a standard PlayStation controller are not colored, although Sony's handheld consoles, the PlayStation Vita and PlayStation Portable, both had monochrome buttons. It incorporates a more ergonomic design that is noticeably bigger, rounder, and heftier than the DualShock 4.[56] The light bar has been moved from the top of the controller to the horizontal edges of the touchpad, with player number instead being indicated by an array of 5 LEDs below the touchpad. The "Share" button has been replaced with "Create" with an expanded focus on creating content to share with others.[57] Colors of the DualSense that has been released in White, Cosmic Red, Midnight Black, Galactic Purple, Nova Pink, Starlight Blue, Gray Camouflage, Cobalt Blue, Volcanic Red, & Sterling Silver. Sony has also released limited/special editions of the DualSense in God Of War Ragnarök, Hogwarts Legacy, Lebron James, Final Fantasy XVI, & Marvel’s Spider-Man 2.
  • The controller speaker has been improved, now providing a clearer sound. The controller now also features a dual-microphone array, allowing players to communicate with each-other without requiring the use of an external headset. With the addition of microphones to the controller, Sony also introduced voice typing to the PS5.[57][58][59]
  • The analog triggers now have a force feedback mechanism, allowing the controller to provide varying levels of resistance to the user depending on in-game actions. An example provided by Sony is being able to feel the tension of a bow string as the user pulls the trigger.[57][60]
  • Connectivity includes a 3.5 mm audio jack, USB-C, which replaces the microUSB port on the DualShock 4, and copper pins for use with charging docks.[61]
  • Its battery has been upgraded to a higher-rated capacity.[57]
  • Also, the black plastic piece surrounding the analog sticks can easily be removed, without requiring any tools.[62]

The DualSense has become a subject of a class-action lawsuit due to a perceived drift in one of the analog sticks, being litigated by the same firm that is challenging Nintendo for a similar drift issue in its Joy-Con for the Switch.[63]

Microtexture

The DualSense has a unique microtexture. There are 40,000 tiny symbols (triangle, circle, cross, square) stacked on top of each other. Multiple designs were hand-drawn, digitized, and made as prototypes before the design team settled on the current design. The larger symbols are half a millimeter wide. Sean Hollister, for The Verge, wrote an article examining the microtexture and its creation:[64]

The company decided to apply a microtexture to the DualSense controller's entire lower shell [making it] Sony's most grippable gamepad yet because of the thousands upon thousands of tiny squares, triangles, circles, and crosses literally at your fingertips. ... These tiny symbols are stacked on top of each other, jutting out in three dimensions. They're not a single, evenly spaced layer at all ... Morisawa, the senior art director of Sony's Design Center product design group, explains that a variety of designs were handcrafted, digitized, mocked up, applied to actual prototype gamepads, and tested over and over again until the teams found the balance they wanted: good-looking, textured enough to be comfortable and non-slip, but not so sandpaper-rough that it'd hurt your hands over a lengthy gaming session.

Hollister's article says one downside to the microtexture is "it picks up dirt extremely easily and doesn't want to let go".[64]

Third-party software

Various other software can be used to allow the use of DualShock 3, DualShock 4, and DualSense controllers on PCs.

DS4Windows

DS4Windows is an open-source software application that allows various PlayStation and Nintendo controllers to be used on Windows PCs up to Windows 11 by emulating a virtual Xbox or DS4 controller. Specifically, this is relevant for DualShock 4, DualShock 3, and DualSense controllers, enabling them to function effectively on PC platforms. The software supports key remapping and rebinding, allowing for customization of controller settings for games that do not natively support PlayStation controllers. DS4Windows features both USB and Bluetooth connectivity and offers customizable profiles for gamepad settings.[65][66]

The inclusion of DS4Windows is significant in discussions about DualShock controllers due to its widespread use in the PC gaming community. It demonstrates the versatility and adaptability of these gamepads in various gaming environments, extending their use beyond the intended PlayStation consoles.[67] Alongside DualShock controllers, various Nintendo controllers, including the Switch's Joy-Cons can be used outside of their respective consoles.

Reception

The DualShock controller was given an Emmy Award for "Peripheral Development and Technological Impact of Video Game Controllers" by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences on January 8, 2007.[68][69][70]

References

  1. ↑ Morell, Chris (March 20, 2008). "Feature: Ready to Rumble: PS3 DualShock 3 vs. Sixaxis". GamePro. http://www.gamepro.com/sony/ps3/games/features/170808.shtml. Retrieved March 21, 2015. 
  2. ↑ "PS4 DualShock 4 Is the Best-Selling Controller of All Time: Report" (in en). 24 May 2018. https://gadgets.ndtv.com/games/news/ps4-dualshock-4-is-the-best-selling-controller-of-all-time-report-1857157. 
  3. ↑ "SCPH". maru-chang.org. http://maru-chang.com/hard/scph/index.php/english. 
  4. ↑ Sony Analog Controller (DUALSHOCK) SCPH-110 U manual
  5. ↑ All About the PlayStation 1's Design, May 2010, http://www.1up.com/news/playstation-1-design 
  6. ↑ Phillips, Tom (October 5, 2020). "In a historic move, PlayStation 5 swaps X and Circle button use in Japan". Eurogamer. https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-10-05-in-a-historic-move-playstation-5-swaps-x-and-circle-button-use-in-japan. 
  7. ↑ まるちゃん. "SCPH @ PlayStation". http://maru-chang.com/hard/scph/index.php/eldest_son/english/. 
  8. ↑ "Analog Controller (DUALSHOCK® 2) PlayStation 2 Instruction Manual". https://www.playstation.com/manual/pdf/SCPH-10010U.pdf. Retrieved 26 June 2023. 
  9. ↑ Zdyrko, Dave (September 27, 2001). "Dual Shock 2 Review". http://www.ign.com/articles/2001/09/27/dual-shock-2-review. 
  10. ↑ "DataStream". Edge (79 (December 1999)): 132. 24 November 1999. https://retrocdn.net/images/b/bb/Edge_UK_079.pdf#page=134. Retrieved 28 October 2021. 
  11. ↑ Tekken5
  12. ↑ "The gaikokujin gamer's guide to Tokyo's thriving arcades | Ars Technica". 21 September 2013. https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2013/09/the-gaijin-gamers-guide-to-tokyos-thriving-arcades/. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Yam, Marcus (April 3, 2008). "SIXAXIS PS3 Controller Discontinued; DualShock 3 is Here". http://www.dailytech.com/SIXAXIS+PS3+Controller+Discontinued+DualShock+3+is+Here/article11352.htm. 
  14. ↑ "DUALSHOCK3 Wireless Controller available for PLAYSTATION3 this summer". Sony Computer Entertainment Europe. 2008-06-30. http://www.scee.presscentre.com/Content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=4585&NewsAreaID=2. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "DualShock 3 Wireless Controller available for PlayStation 3 this summer". Next-Gen.biz. 2008-07-01. http://edge-online.com/news/dualshock-3-gets-july-2-european-release. 
  16. ↑ Cohen, Peter (February 26, 2008). "PS3 DualShock 3 controller coming in April". http://www.macworld.com/article/1132265/dualshock.html. 
  17. ↑ Cavalli, Earnest (April 2, 2008). "Sixaxis Discontinued in Favor of DualShock 3". Wired. https://www.wired.com/2008/04/sixaxis-discont/. Retrieved March 21, 2015. 
  18. ↑ Hollister, Sean (September 5, 2010). "'Classic White' DualShock 3 appears at e-tail, dreaming of an alabaster console". https://www.engadget.com/2010/09/05/classic-white-dualshock-3-appears-at-e-tail-dreaming-of-an-al/. 
  19. ↑ Miller, Paul (July 28, 2009). "Sony's red and blue DualShock 3 controllers land in October, love this country". https://www.engadget.com/2009/07/28/sonys-new-red-and-blue-dualshock-3-controllers-bleed-american/. 
  20. ↑ McElroy, Griffin (September 10, 2010). "Pink DualShock 3 controller coming September 21". https://www.engadget.com/2010/09/10/pink-dualshock-3-controller-coming-september-21/. 
  21. ↑ "Japan: New PS3 controller colour, peripherals announced". CVG. March 1, 2011. http://www.computerandvideogames.com/291395/news/japan-new-ps3-controller-colour-peripherals-announced/. 
  22. ↑ "Gunmetal Grey PS3 Coming to North America". Shacknews. 2008-04-10. http://www.shacknews.com/onearticle.x/52164. 
  23. ↑ North, Dale (January 19, 2009). "Final Fantasy VII Advent Children PS3 bundle is real". http://www.destructoid.com/final-fantasy-vii-advent-children-ps3-bundle-is-real-118513.phtml. 
  24. ↑ "Amazon.com: PS3 DualShock 3 Wireless Controller - MLB 11 The Show Edition: Video Games". https://www.amazon.com/dp/B004GN8VGM. 
  25. ↑ "On Your Marks, Get Set, Go…! – PlayStation.Blog.Europe". PlayStation.Blog.Europe. June 5, 2009. http://blog.eu.playstation.com/2012/06/05/on-your-marks-get-set-go/. 
  26. ↑ "DUALSHOCK 3 wireless controller - Metallic Gold - GameStop Exclusive". http://www.gamestop.com/ps3/accessories/dualshock-3-wireless-controller-metallic-gold-gamestop-exculsive/102832. 
  27. ↑ Fletcher, JC (June 15, 2012). "PS3 controller goes 'metallic gold' at GameStop". https://www.engadget.com/2012/06/15/ps3-controller-goes-metallic-gold-at-gamestop/. 
  28. ↑ "God of War: Ascension white PS3 bundle unveiled for UK". Joystiq. AOL. 2012-02-06. http://www.joystiq.com/2013/02/06/god-of-war-ascension-white-ps3-bundle-unveiled-for-uk/. 
  29. ↑ Corriea, Alexa (November 1, 2013). "Crystal see-through DualShock 3 hitting Japan next month". http://www.polygon.com/2013/11/1/5054382/crystal-see-through-dualshock-3-hitting-japan-next-month. 
  30. ↑ 30.00 30.01 30.02 30.03 30.04 30.05 30.06 30.07 30.08 30.09 30.10 30.11 30.12 30.13 30.14 "New slimmer and lighter Playstation®3 to hit worldwide market this September". Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.. http://www.scei.co.jp/corporate/release/130221b_e.html. 
  31. ↑ psdevwiki. "Pinout". https://www.psdevwiki.com/ps4/DualShock_4#skewed_button_connector. 
  32. ↑ Frontier Developments plc.. ""WHAT IS THE DEFAULT PS4™ CONTROLLER SETUP FOR ELITE DANGEROUS?"". https://support.frontier.co.uk/kb/faq.php?id=379. 
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 McWhertor, Michael (2013-01-31). "PS4 touch-sensitive DualShock 4 controller revealed (update: features, scale detailed)". Polygon. http://www.polygon.com/2013/2/20/4006374/playstation-4-dualshock-4-controller-detailed. 
  34. ↑ Matulef, Jeffrey (8 May 2014). "The DualShock 4's light bar was developed for Project Morpheus". Eurogamer. Gamer Network. http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2014-05-08-the-dualshock-4s-light-bar-was-developed-for-project-morpheus. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 (c)Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. (February 20, 2013). "Sony Computer Entertainment Introduces Wireless Controller For Playstation®4 (DUALSHOCK®4) And Playstation®4 Eye ｜ Sony Computer Entertainment Inc". Sony.com. http://www.sony.com/SCA/company-news/press-releases/sony-computer-entertainment-america-inc/2013/sony-computer-entertainment-introduces-wireless-co.shtml. 
  36. ↑ (c)Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. (October 3, 2013). "Transistor and the Secrets of DualShock 4 ｜ PlayStation.Blog". blog.us.playstation.com. http://blog.us.playstation.com/2013/10/03/transistor-and-the-secrets-of-the-dualshock-4/. 
  37. ↑ Gilbert, Ben. "You've been calling the X button on the PlayStation controller the wrong name for decades". https://www.businessinsider.com/playstation-dualshock-controller-x-button-name-cross-2019-9. 
  38. ↑ Pitcher, Jenna (July 2, 2014). "DualShock 4 controller now works wirelessly with the PlayStation 3". http://www.polygon.com/2014/7/2/5863462/dualshock-4-controller-now-works-wirelessly-with-the-playstation-3. 
  39. ↑ L., Stefan (27 January 2014). "Sony Responds to DualShock 4 Wearing & Tearing". https://www.thesixthaxis.com/2014/01/27/sony-responds-to-dualshock-4-wearing-tearing/. 
  40. ↑ New Official PS4 Peripherals Announced, Includes New DualShock 4, PS Camera and Headset, 7 September 2016, http://www.playstationlifestyle.net/2016/09/07/new-official-ps4-peripherals-announced-includes-new-dualshock-4-ps-camera-and-headset/#/slide/1, retrieved 8 September 2016 
  41. ↑ Martin, Liam (July 8, 2013). "PS4: DualShock 4 light bar doesn't switch off". Hearst. http://www.digitalspy.com.au/gaming/news/a496482/ps4-dualshock-4-light-bar-doesnt-switch-off.html#~p7ABUaudzZ8O8j. 
  42. ↑ Plafke, James (January 20, 2014). "PS4 DualShock 4 light bar will plague you forever, says Sony". http://www.geek.com/games/ps4-dualshock-4-light-bar-will-plague-you-forever-says-sony-1582469/. 
  43. ↑ Shaul, Brandy (July 10, 2013). "PS4: Developers can choose to turn off DualShock 4 light bar". Hearst. http://www.digitalspy.com.au/gaming/news/a497072/ps4-developers-can-choose-to-turn-off-dualshock-4-light-bar.html#~p7ABTMOKZQkzdl. 
  44. ↑ "GDC: PS4 Update Will Allow DualShock Light Bar to Be Dimmed", IGN, 20 Mar 2014, http://uk.ign.com/articles/2014/03/20/gdc-ps4-update-will-allow-dualshock-light-bar-to-be-dimmed, retrieved 13 October 2014 
  45. ↑ Grant, Adam (Apr 2014). "PS4 system update 1.70 launches today – full feature list". blog.eu.playstation.com. http://blog.eu.playstation.com/2014/04/30/ps4-system-update-1-70-launches-tomorrow-full-feature-list/. 
  46. ↑ "Gamescom: Magma Red, Wave Blue DualShock 4 Colors Announced". IGN. 20 August 2013. http://au.ign.com/articles/2013/08/20/gamescom-magma-red-wave-blue-dualshock-4-colors-announced. 
  47. ↑ Mason, Andrew (2018-01-31). "Introducing the new Steel Black and Midnight Blue Dualshock 4 controllers, out 7th March". https://blog.eu.playstation.com/2018/01/31/introducing-the-new-steel-black-and-midnight-blue-dualshock-4-controllers-out-7th-march/. 
  48. ↑ "Which Generation PS4 Controller Do I Have?" (in en). https://www.consoleskins.nl/en_GB/c-3203784/which-generation-ps4-controller-do-i-have/. 
  49. ↑ "Call of Duty: Black Ops III Limited Edition PlayStation 4 Bundle Out 11/6". 22 September 2015. http://blog.us.playstation.com/2015/09/22/call-of-duty-black-ops-iii-limited-edition-playstation-4-bundle-out-116/. 
  50. ↑ "Death Stranding Limited Edition Playstation 4 Pro Bundle". https://www.playstation.com/en-us/explore/ps4-pro/systems/limited-edition-death-stranding-ps4-pro-bundle/. 
  51. ↑ "Limited Edition The Last of Us Part II PS4 Pro Bundle". https://www.playstation.com/en-us/explore/ps4-pro/systems/limited-edition-the-last-of-us-part-ii-pro-bundle/. 
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 52.3 "PlayStation 5 launches in November, starting at $399 for PS5 Digital Edition and $499 for PS5 with Ultra HD Blu-Ray Disc Drive". PlayStationBlog. September 16, 2020. https://blog.playstation.com/2020/09/16/playstation-5-launches-in-november-starting-at-399-for-ps5-digital-edition-and-499-for-ps5-with-ultra-hd-blu-ray-disc-drive/?ref-cat=254013. 
  53. ↑ Locke, Jennifer (October 6, 2020). "PS5 DualSense controller vs. PS4 DualShock 4 controller: Which is better?". Android Central. https://www.androidcentral.com/ps5-dualsense-controller-vs-ps4-dualshock-4-controller. 
  54. ↑ "iFixit Playstation 5 Teardown, step 7.". https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/PlayStation+5+Teardown/138280. 
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  56. ↑ "Does PS5's DualSense Controller Earn The Criticism For Looking Like Xbox's?". ScreenRant. 8 April 2020. https://screenrant.com/ps5-dualsense-controller-looks-like-xbox-comparison-differences/. 
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  58. ↑ Gartenberg, Chaim (April 8, 2020). "Sony's new DualSense controller is its most exciting design since the original PlayStation". https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2020/4/8/21213458/sony-playstation-5-ps5-dualsense-controller-design-changes-dualshock. 
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  61. ↑ Gravelle, Cody (April 8, 2020). "Don't Worry, The PlayStation 5 Controller Has An Audio Jack". Screen Rant. https://screenrant.com/playstation-5-controller-audio-jack-ps5-dualsense-sony/. 
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