Biology:Dinoflagellate viral nucleoprotein
| Dinoflagellate viral nucleoprotein | |||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | DUF5756 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF19060 | ||||||||
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Dinoflagellate/viral nucleoproteins (DVNPs) are a family of positively-charged, DNA-binding nucleoproteins found exclusively in dinoflagellates and Nucleocytoviricota. It serves to compact DNA in these organisms.[1]
The proteins are known to pack DNA more tightly than histones do. When expressed in eukaryotes that possess histones, they displace nucleosomes and impair translation. This action is thought to be one of the driving forces for dinoflagellates to switch to this protein instead of histone for packaging.[2] Some dinoflagellates have further switched to dinoflagellate histone-like proteins (HLPs) for packaging.[3]
The version of DVNPs in dinoflagellates have a variable N-terminal tail with a nuclear localization signal. It also has many phosphorylation sites, a feature not seen in viral counterparts. The fixed C-terminal domain may have a helix-turn-helix fold.[4]
References
- ↑ "The unorthodox chromosomal organisation of the dinoflagellates". Access Microbiology 1 (1A). March 2019. doi:10.1099/acmi.ac2019.po0119.
- ↑ "Viral proteins as a potential driver of histone depletion in dinoflagellates". Nature Communications 9 (1): 1535. April 2018. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03993-4. PMID 29670105.
- ↑ "Distinctive Nuclear Features of Dinoflagellates with A Particular Focus on Histone and Histone-Replacement Proteins". Microorganisms 6 (4): 128. December 2018. doi:10.3390/microorganisms6040128. PMID 30558155.
- ↑ "Loss of nucleosomal DNA condensation coincides with appearance of a novel nuclear protein in dinoflagellates". Current Biology 22 (24): 2303–12. December 2012. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.036. PMID 23159597.
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