Astronomy:Digel Cloud 2S

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Digel Cloud 2S
Nebula
Star-forming region
Digel Cloud 2S imaged by James Webb Space Telescope
Observation data: J2000.0 epoch
Right ascension 02h 48m 28.45s[1]
Declination+58° 23′ 29.72″[1]
Distance40,000[1] ly
ConstellationPerseus
DesignationsDigel Cloud 2S, [YKT2006b] Cloud2-S[2]
See also: Lists of nebulae

Digel Cloud 2S is a star-forming region within the molecular cloud complex known as Digel Cloud 2, located in the Extreme Outer Galaxy region of the Milky Way. This region lies more than 58,000 light-years from the Galactic Center, placing it in one of the most distant and metal-poor parts of our galaxy.[3][1][4][5]

Observation

The Digel Clouds (1A, 1B, 2N & 2S) were first identified in molecular surveys in the 1990s, with subsequent studies confirming star formation activity in the Extreme Outer Galaxy. Detailed infrared imaging of Digel Cloud 2S came from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in 2024 by a team led by astronomers including Natsuko Izumi used JWST's Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI)[6] to capture near and midinfrared light, revealing unprecedented detail invisible to optical telescopes.[7][8]

Characteristics

Digel Cloud 2S has 66 cluster members with a sub-cluster located northeast of the main cluster, this sub-cluster was identified to have 10 YSOs.[9] The members of Digel Cloud 2S peak at a magnitude of 6.1 mag, while the field stars peak at a magnitude of 2.2 mag. The average (H – K)⁰ of Digel Cloud 2S is 0.49 mag, while the field stars is 0.12 mag. The spatial distribution of the stars indicates a mass of 46 M☉ and an estimated age of 1 Myr. The core of Digel Cloud 2S appears to be single, which resulted in an Mgas value of 310 M☉ with radius of 1.7 pc in FWHM. The Mstars value radius is ~0.6 pc,[5] this is because of a 5% increase of 0.017 M☉.[10]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Digel Cloud 2S - NASA Science" (in en-US). 2024-09-12. https://science.nasa.gov/asset/webb/digel-cloud-2s/. 
  2. ↑ "[YKT2006b Cloud2-S"]. https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/mobile/object.html?object_name=%5BYKT2006b%5D%20Cloud2-S. 
  3. ↑ "NASA's Webb Peers into the Extreme Outer Galaxy - NASA Science" (in en-US). 2024-09-12. https://science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-peers-into-the-extreme-outer-galaxy/. 
  4. ↑ "James Webb Telescope goes 'extreme' and spots baby stars at the edge of the Milky Way (image)" (in en). 2024-09-16. https://www.space.com/james-webb-space-telescope-extreme-outer-galaxy. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Yasui, Chikako; Kobayashi, Naoto; Tokunaga, Alan T.; Terada, Hiroshi; Saito, Masao (March 2008). "Star Formation in the Extreme Outer Galaxy: Digel Cloud 2 Clusters" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 675 (1): 443–453. doi:10.1086/524356. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...675..443Y. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/524356. 
  6. ↑ Izumi, Natsuko; Kobayashi, Naoto; Yasui, Chikako; Tokunaga, Alan T.; Saito, Masao; Hamano, Satoshi (2014-10-14). "Discovery of Star Formation in the Extreme Outer Galaxy Possibly Induced by a High-Velocity Cloud Impact". The Astrophysical Journal 795 (1): 66. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/66. ISSN 1538-4357. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...795...66I. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/66. 
  7. ↑ Harris, Richard (2024-12-27). "Digel Cloud 2S examined by NASAs JWST" (in en-US). https://scopetrader.com/digel-cloud-2s-examined-by-nasas-jwst/. 
  8. ↑ "Webb peers into the Extreme Outer Galaxy" (in en). https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2024/09/Webb_peers_into_the_Extreme_Outer_Galaxy. 
  9. ↑ Kobayashi, N.; Yasui, C.; Tokunaga, A. T.; Saito, M. (2008). "Star Formation in the Most Distant Molecular Cloud in the Extreme Outer Galaxy: A Laboratory of Star Formation in an Early Epoch of the Galaxy’s Formation". The Astrophysical Journal 683 (1): 178. doi:10.1086/588421. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/588421/meta. 
  10. ↑ Lada, Charles J.; Lada, Elizabeth A. (2003). "Embedded Clusters in Molecular Clouds". Astronomy and Astrophysics 41: 57–115. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.41.011802.094844. Bibcode: 2003ARA&A..41...57L. 



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