Biography:Antonio Signorini (physicist)

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Antonio Signorini
Antonio Signorini.jpg
Born
Arezzo, Italy
Died23 February 1963(1963-02-23) (aged 74)
Rome, Italy
Alma materScuola Normale Superiore (1909) (Mathematics degree)
University of Palermo (1921) (Civil engineering degree)
Known forSignorini expansion
Signorini problem
AwardsLavagna prize (1909)
Golden medal of the Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL (1920)
Scientific career
FieldsContinuum mechanics
Constitutive equations
External ballistics
Finite strain theory
InstitutionsUniversity of Palermo
University of Naples Federico II
Università di Roma
Doctoral advisorGian Antonio Maggi
Other academic advisorsLuigi Bianchi
Tullio Levi-Civita
Doctoral studentsCarlo Cattaneo
Piero Giorgio Bordoni
Other notable studentsGaetano Fichera

Antonio Signorini (2 April 1888 – 23 February 1963) was an influential Italian mathematical physicist and civil engineer of the 20th century.[1] He is known for his work in finite elasticity, thermoelasticity and for formulating the Signorini problem.

Life

Honors

He was awarded the gold medal of the Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL in 1920, while he was working at the University of Palermo: the members of the judging commission were Luigi Bianchi, Guido Castelnuovo and Tullio Levi-Civita.[2]

In 1924, on 8 June, he was elected ordinary non resident member of the mathematics division[3] of the Accademia Pontaniana.[4]

On 30 May 1931 he was elected corresponding member of the Società Nazionale di Scienze, Lettere e Arti in Napoli: later on, precisely on 11 February 1933 and on 4 June 1949 he was elected, respectively, ordinary member and ordinary non resident member of the same academy.[5]

He was elected corresponding member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei on July 15, 1935, and then national member on February 4, 1947.[6] However, he was never awarded the royal prize of this academy, because he became a very early a member of it, thus losing the right to win a prize.[7]

Work

While only very few scientists between 1845 and 1945 studied the foundations of continuum mechanics, among them there were some of the most distinguished savants of the period: (...). In that period, however, many papers on the subject were published. When not essentially repetitions of earlier studies, these concerned special theories or approximations, most of which have turned later to be unnecessary in the cases when they are justified. Knowledge of the true principles of the general theory seems to have diminished except in Italy, where it was kept alive by the teaching and writing of Signorini.
—Clifford A. Truesdell and Walter Noll, (Truesdell Noll)

Research activity

His scientific production includes more than 114 works, being papers, monographs and textbooks, 17 of which have been collected in his "Opere Scelte" (Selected works).[8]

Teaching activity

Among his "allievi" there are some of the most important Italian mathematicians and mathematical physicists; a partial list of them is below:

He was also a close friend and teacher of Gaetano Fichera at the Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica, inspiring his research in continuum mechanics, his solution of the Signorini problem and the creation of the field of variational inequalities.[9]

Selected publications

  • Signorini, Antonio (1959), "Questioni di elasticità non linearizzata e semilinearizzata" (in Italian), Rendiconti di Matematica e delle sue Applicazioni, Serie 5 18: 95–139 . An important work, summarizing Signorini's approach to continuum mechanics of finite strains.
  • Signorini, Antonio (1991), Opere scelte, Firenze: Edizioni Cremonese (distributed by Unione Matematica Italiana), pp. XXXI + 695 . A volume collecting the most important works of Antonio Signorini with an introduction and a commentary of Giuseppe Grioli.

See also

Notes

  1. Signorini, Antonio — Treccani, Enciclopedie online (in Italian)
  2. For more details, see the relation on the awarding of the prize by (Bianchi Castelnuovo).
  3. Precisely of the "Classe di Scienze Matematiche Pure e Applicate", (English translation:-"Class of Pure and Applied Mathematics"), as this division is called in Italy.
  4. According to the Accademia Pontaniana|2015}}|academic yearbook (2015, p. 112). The exact Italian member title is:"Socio Ordinario Non Residente".
  5. See the Società Nazionale di Scienze, Lettere e Arti in Napoli|2012}}|academic yearbook (2012, p. 131).
  6. See the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei|2012}}|academic yearbook (2012, p. 527).
  7. According to (Picone 1965), who wrote what could be considered the main biographical reference on Signorini's life and work. Mauro Picone and Antonio Signorini were friends from their childhood in Arezzo: in the commemoration he wrote, Picone deals extensively with several aspects of the life and personality of Antonio Signorini.
  8. See (Signorini 1991).
  9. Forn more information, see the "Signorini problem" entry, or the historical paper (Fichera 1995).

References

Biographical and general references

Scientific references