Biography:Claudia Goldin

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Short description: American economist
Claudia Goldin
Claudia Goldin (cropped).jpg
Goldin in 2019
Born (1946-05-14) May 14, 1946 (age 78)
The Bronx, New York City, U.S.
Institution
Field
Doctoral
advisor		Robert Fogel[5]
Doctoral
students
  • Cecilia Rouse[6]
  • Leah Boustan[6]
Awards
  • IZA Prize in Labor Economics (2016)[7]
  • Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics (2020)[8]
  • Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (2023)[9]
Information at IDEAS / RePEc
WebsiteOfficial website

Claudia Dale Goldin (born May 14, 1946) is an American economic historian and labor economist. She is the Henry Lee Professor of Economics at Harvard University.[10][1] In October 2023, she was awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel,[9] "for having advanced our understanding of women's labor market outcomes”.[11] She was the third woman to win the award, and the first woman to win the award solo.[10][12]

She is a co-director (co-directing with Claudia Olivetti and Jessica Goldberg) of the National Bureau of Economic Research's (NBER) Gender in the Economy study group,[13] and was the director of the NBER's Development of the American Economy program from 1989 to 2017.[2]

Goldin's historical work on women and the American economy is what she is best known for. Regarding that subject, her papers that have been most influential have been those about the impact of the contraceptive pill on women's career and marriage decisions, the education of women and men together in higher education, the history of women's pursuit of career and family, women's last names after marriage as a social indicator, the reasons most undergraduates are now women, and the new life history of women's employment.[14]

In 1990, Goldin became the first woman to be tenured in Harvard's economics department.[15] In 2013 she was the president of the American Economic Association.[1]

Biography

Early life and education

Claudia Goldin was born in the Bronx, New York City on May 14, 1946.[10][16] Her family was Jewish.[17] Her father Leon Goldin (1918—2011) worked as a data processing manager at Burlington Industries,[16] and her mother Lucille Rosansky Goldin (1919—2020) was the principal of Public School 105 in the Bronx.[18][19] As a child, Claudia was determined to become an archaeologist, but upon reading Paul de Kruif's The Microbe Hunters (1927) in junior high school, she became drawn to bacteriology. As a high school junior, she completed a summer school course in microbiology at Cornell University and after graduating from the Bronx High School of Science she entered Cornell University with the intention of studying microbiology.[20][21][22]

In her sophomore year, Goldin took a class with Alfred Kahn, "whose utter delight in using economics to uncover hidden truths did for economics what Paul de Kruif's stories had done for microbiology."[21] In 1967 she graduated from Cornell University with a BA in economics, and in 1969 she finished her Master's degree in Economics at the University of Chicago.[23] She received a PhD in industrial organization and labor economics from the University of Chicago in 1972.[22] She wrote her PhD dissertation on slavery in southern antebellum cities.[24][25]

Career

From 1971-1973, she was an assistant professor of economics at the University of Wisconsin. She was also an assistant professor of economics from 1973-1979, at Princeton University. From 1979-1985 she was an associate professor of economics at the University of Pennsylvania, and from 1985-1990 she was a professor of economics there.[23] She joined the economics department at Harvard University in 1990, where she was in 1990 the first woman to be given tenure in that department.[15]

Goldin was the president of the American Economic Association in 2013 and the president of the Economic History Association in 1999/2000.[1] She has been elected fellow of numerous organizations, including the American Academy of Political and Social Science, the Society of Labor Economists, the Econometric Society, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[26] She is a member of sections 53 (Social and Political Sciences) and 54 (Economic Sciences) of the National Academy of Sciences.[27] She has received several honorary doctorates including the University of Nebraska system,[28][29] Lund University,[30] the European University Institute,[31] the University of Zurich,[32] Dartmouth College,[33] and the University of Rochester.[34] She was an editor of the Journal of Economic History, from 1984 to 1988.[26]

In 2015, with funding from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Goldin and Tatyana Avilova initiated the Undergraduate Women in Economics (UWE) Challenge in hopes of shrinking the gender gap among undergraduate majors in economics. A randomized controlled trial was carried out for one year using twenty institutions to receive the treatment and sixty-eight others as controls to see if light-touch, low-cost interventions could increase the number of female economics majors. It was found that the treatment "may have been successful at liberal arts colleges and possibly at the larger universities that, in addition, had their own RCT [randomized controlled trial]."[35][36]

For 28 years ending in 2017, Goldin was the director of the Development of the American Economy (DAE) Program at the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).[22]

Research

Goldin wrote regarding the American Civil War and slavery. Notably, together with the late Frank Lewis, she wrote the groundbreaking piece "The Economic Cost of the American Civil War: Estimates and Implications" (1975).[37][38] Also, in 1976 her book Urban Slavery in the American South, 1820 to 1860: A Quantitative History was published.[39]

However, Goldin's historical work on women and the American economy is what she is best known for. Regarding that subject, her papers that have been most influential have been those about the impact of the contraceptive pill on women's career and marriage decisions, the education of women and men together in higher education, the history of women's pursuit of career and family, women's last names after marriage as a social indicator, the reasons most undergraduates are now women, and the new life history of women's employment.[14] Her book Understanding the Gender Gap: An Economic History of American Women (1990) told the story of women's employment in the U.S. from the late eighteenth century to the late twentieth century.[39]

After writing that book on the economic history of the female labor force, Goldin set out to research the history of U.S. education. She began with a series of articles on the high school movement and the shaping of higher education in the U.S. that culminated in her Economic History Association presidential address, "The Human Capital Century and American Leadership: Virtues of the Past" (2001).[40][41][42]

She then worked with Lawrence Katz to understand the history of economic inequality in America and its relationship to educational advances. Their research produced many papers on the subject and was capped by the publication of The Race between Education and Technology (2008), which argues that the United States became the world's richest nation thanks to its schools.[43][22] This book was praised as "a monumental achievement that supplies a unified framework for interpreting how the demand and supply of human capital have shaped the distribution of earnings in the U.S. labor market over the twentieth century",[44] and Alan Krueger of Princeton University said that it "represent[ed] the best of what economics has to offer".[45]

She and Katz also worked together in determining the value of a college education in the labor market through their 2016 paper "The Value of Postsecondary Credentials in the Labor Market: An Experimental Study".[46]

Goldin continued to work on various other topics, including the role of the press in reducing corruption, the effect of providing clean water and effective sewage systems to reduce infant mortality (see the 2018 paper "Watersheds in Child Mortality: The Role of Effective Water and Sewerage Infrastructure, 1880 to 1920", which Goldin co-wrote with Marcella Alsan),[47] the origins of immigration restriction, and the creation of U.S. unemployment insurance.[48][49]

During those years, she also published a series of important papers on gender. "Orchestrating Impartiality: The Effect of 'Blind' Auditions on Female Musicians" (with Cecilia Rouse, 2000) is among her most highly cited papers. "The Power of the Pill: Oral Contraceptives and Women's Career and Marriage Decisions" (with Katz, 2002) and "The U-Shaped Female labor Force Function in Economic Development and Economic History," (1995) are some of her pioneering papers. She then began to focus on college women's quest for career and family and the reasons for the persistent gender gap in earnings.[50][51][52] Her American Economic Association presidential address, "A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter" set forth what the last chapter of employment must contain for there to be equality between men and women in the labor market.[53] Her book Career & Family: Women's Century-Long Journey toward Equity (2021) traces the history of college-educated women dealing with the problem of balancing career and family throughout the twentieth century in the United States,[54] including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's careers.[55][56]

Personal life

Goldin is married to fellow Harvard economics professor Lawrence Katz.[57] She has had Golden Retrievers ever since 1970, starting with Kelso. Pika, her and her husband's current dog, has been widely recognized for his award in competitive scenting, was trained for obedience competitions, and has been a therapy dog at a local nursing home.[58]

Awards

  • 1990, 2008, 2021: Three times laureate of the Richard A. Lester Award for the Outstanding Book in Industrial Relations and Labor Economics[59][60]
  • 1991: Allan Sharlin Memorial Book Award from the Social Science History Association[61]
  • 2005: Carolyn Shaw Bell Award from the American Economic Association[62]
  • 2008: R.R. Hawkins Award, The Professional and Scholarly Publishing Division of the Association of American Publishers[63]
  • 2009: Jacob Mincer Award from the Society of Labor Economists[22]
  • 2009: The John R. Commons Award[64]
  • 2016: IZA Prize in Labor Economics "for her career-long work on the economic history of women in education and the labor market"[7]
  • 2019: BBVA Foundation Frontiers in Knowledge Award in the category of Economics, Finance, and Management for her contributions to gender gap analysis[65]
  • 2020: Clarivate Citation laureate in Economic Sciences[66]
  • 2020: Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics[8]
  • 2021: Society for Progress Medal[67]
  • 2022: Visionary Award from the Council for Economic Education[68]
  • 2023: Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[12]
  • 2023: Included in BBC's 100 Women list[69]

Selected works

  • Goldin, Claudia Dale. Understanding the Gender Gap: An Economic History of American Women. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990, ISBN:978-0-19-505077-6.
  • Goldin, Claudia Dale et al. Strategic Factors in Nineteenth Century American Economic History: A Volume to Honor Robert W. Fogel. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992, ISBN:978-0-226-30112-9.
  • Goldin, Claudia Dale and Gary D. Libecap. Regulated Economy: A Historical Approach to Political Economy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994, ISBN:978-0-226-30110-5.
  • Bordo, Michael D., Claudia Dale Goldin, and Eugene Nelson White. The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998, ISBN:978-0-226-06589-2.
  • Glaeser, Edward L. and Claudia Dale Goldin. Corruption and Reform: Lessons from America's History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006, ISBN:978-0-226-29957-0.
  • Goldin, Claudia Dale and Lawrence F. Katz. The Race Between Education and Technology. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2008, ISBN:978-0-674-02867-8.
  • Goldin, Claudia and Alsan, M. "Watersheds in Child Mortality: The Role of Effective Water and Sewerage Infrastructure, 1880 to 1920", Journal of Political Economy 127(2, 2018), pp. 586–638
  • Goldin, Claudia and Lawrence F. Katz. Women Working Longer: Increased Employment at Older Ages. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2018. ISBN:978-0-226-53250-9
  • Goldin, Claudia. Career & Family: Women's Century-Long Journey toward Equity. Princeton, NJ. Princeton University Press, 2021. ISBN:978-0-691-20178-8
  • "A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter," American Economic Review 104 (April 2014), pp. 1091–119.

See also

  • List of Jewish Nobel laureates

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Bio for Claudia Goldin". https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/biocv. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Who is Claudia Goldin, winner of Nobel Economics Prize 2023?". October 9, 2023. https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/who-is-claudia-goldin-winner-of-nobel-economics-prize-2023-101696845353827.html. 
  3. ↑ https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/interviewcg.pdf
  4. ↑ https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/interviewcg.pdf
  5. ↑ Lee, Tori (October 9, 2023). "UChicago alum Claudia Goldin wins Nobel Prize for research on gender and labor". University of Chicago. https://news.uchicago.edu/story/uchicago-alum-claudia-goldin-wins-nobel-prize-research-gender-and-labor. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Former Princeton Professor Claudia Goldin Wins Nobel Prize in Economics". October 9, 2023. https://paw.princeton.edu/article/former-princeton-professor-claudia-goldin-wins-nobel-prize-economics. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "IZA Prize in Labor Economics". IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. 2016. http://legacy.iza.org/en/webcontent/prize/iza_prize. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "The Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics: Nemmers Prize – Northwestern University". https://www.nemmers.northwestern.edu/economics/. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2023". https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/press-release/. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Claudia Goldin ’67 wins Nobel Prize in Economics | Cornell Chronicle". https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2023/10/claudia-goldin-67-wins-nobel-prize-economics. 
  11. ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2023". October 9, 2023. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/summary/. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Johnson, Simon; Ahlander, Johan (October 9, 2023). "Nobel economics prize goes to Claudia Goldin". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/claudia-goldin-wins-2023-nobel-economics-prize-2023-10-09/. 
  13. ↑ "Gender in the Economy - Advisory Board Members". https://www.nber.org/programs-projects/projects-and-centers/gender-economy/gender-economy-advisory-board-members. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Bio for Claudia Goldin" (in en). https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/biocv. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Alexander, Sophie M. (April 26, 2007). "Goldin Demystifies Gender Economics". The Harvard Crimson. http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2007/4/26/goldin-demystifies-gender-economics-gender-will/. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Camera, Daily (June 24, 2011). "Leon Goldin". https://www.dailycamera.com/ci_18347210/. 
  17. ↑ "Sheryl Sandberg interview on Harvard professor Claudia Goldin winning Nobel Prize". October 11, 2023. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/nobel-prize-harvard-professor-claudia-goldin-economics-b2427243.html. 
  18. ↑ "Lucille Goldin Obituary (2020) – Boulder, CO – The Daily Camera". https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailycamera/name/lucille-goldin-obituary?id=8221782. 
  19. ↑ "Lucille Goldin Obituary – Boulder, CO". https://www.dignitymemorial.com/en-ca/obituaries/boulder-co/lucille-goldin-9346732. 
  20. ↑ "Claudia Goldin" (in en-us). https://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/econ_focus/2014/q4/interview. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Economist as Detective". https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/detective.doc. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 Walker, Peter J. (December 2018). "Profile of Harvard Economist Claudia Goldin" (in en). IMF Finance & Development Magazine (IMF). https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2018/12/profile-of-harvard-economist-claudia-goldin. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Claudia Goldin | World Economics Journal". https://www.world-economics-journal.com/Authors/Claudia-Goldin.aspx?AID=458. 
  24. ↑ "The University of Chicago Magazine". https://mag.uchicago.edu/economics-business/delight-discovery. 
  25. ↑ Goldin, Claudia. "Urban Slavery in the American South". https://www.rareamericana.com/pages/books/3729616/claudia-dale-goldin/urban-slavery-in-the-american-south-1820-1860-a-quantitative-history. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 "Claudia Goldin, Distinguished Fellow 2014". American Economic Association. https://www.aeaweb.org/about-aea/honors-awards/distinguished-fellows/claudia-goldin. 
  27. ↑ "Claudia D. Goldin". National Academy of Sciences. https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/1094.html. 
  28. ↑ "Honorary Degrees". University of Nebraska system. https://nebraska.edu/-/media/projects/unca/docs/board-of-regents/awards-and-recognition/honorary-degrees/honorary-degrees-alphabetical-2020.pdf. 
  29. ↑ Clement, Douglas. "Interview with Claudia Goldin | Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis" (in en). Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. https://www.minneapolisfed.org/article/2004/interview-with-claudia-goldin. 
  30. ↑ "LUSEM honorary doctor receives the Prize in Economic Sciences 2023" (in en). https://www.lusem.lu.se/news/lusem-honorary-doctor-receives-the-prize-in-economic-sciences-2023. 
  31. ↑ "Doctor Honoris Causa of the EUI". https://www.eui.eu/ServicesAndAdmin/AcademicService/Honorary-Doctorates. 
  32. ↑ "Prof. Dr. Claudia Goldin" (in de). University of Zurich. https://www.uzh.ch/de/explore/portrait/awards/hc/2020/oec.html. 
  33. ↑ "Claudia Goldin, Doctor of Humane Letters | Dartmouth" (in en). Dartmouth College. June 22, 2022. https://home.dartmouth.edu/news/2022/06/claudia-goldin-doctor-humane-letters. 
  34. ↑ "Honorary degrees". University of Rochester. https://www.rochester.edu/commencement/class-of-2023/honorary-degrees/. 
  35. ↑ "Undergraduate Women in Economics (UWE)" (in en). https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/UWE. 
  36. ↑ Avilova, Tatyana; Goldin, Claudia (August 21, 2023). "What the Undergraduate Women in Economics Challenge did for economics" (in en). https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/what-undergraduate-women-economics-challenge-did-economics. 
  37. ↑ Goldin, Claudia D.; Lewis, Frank D. (1975). "The Economic Cost of the American Civil War: Estimates and Implications". The Journal of Economic History 35 (2): 299–326. doi:10.1017/S0022050700075070. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-economic-history/article/abs/economic-cost-of-the-american-civil-war-estimates-and-implications/2722ABEE2FA74722D17AA9D40E552448. 
  38. ↑ Coclanis, Peter A. (October 15, 1996). "The American Civil War in Economic Perspective: Basic Questions and Some Answers". Southern Cultures 2 (2): 163–175. doi:10.1353/scu.1996.0000. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26235409.pdf. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 "Claudia Goldin | Biography, Nobel Prize, & Facts | Britannica" (in en). October 11, 2023. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Claudia-Goldin. 
  40. ↑ Goldin, Claudia; Katz, Lawrence F. (1999). "Human Capital and Social Capital: The Rise of Secondary Schooling in America, 1910–1940". The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 29 (4): 683–723. doi:10.1162/002219599551868. ISSN 0022-1953. https://www.jstor.org/stable/206979. 
  41. ↑ "High School Movement | Lawrence Katz" (in en). https://scholar.harvard.edu/lkatz/filter_by/high-school-movement. 
  42. ↑ Goldin, Claudia (2001). "The Human-Capital Century and American Leadership: Virtues of the Past". The Journal of Economic History 61 (2): 263–292. doi:10.1017/S0022050701028017. ISSN 0022-0507. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2698021. 
  43. ↑ Kotkin, Stephen (October 5, 2008). "Minding the Inequality Gap". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/05/business/05shelf.html. 
  44. ↑ Daron Acemoğlu; David Autor (June 2012). "What Does Human Capital Do? A Review of Goldin and Katz's The Race between Education and Technology". Journal of Economic Literature 50 (2): 426–463. doi:10.1257/jel.50.2.426. http://economics.mit.edu/files/7490. 
  45. ↑ Goldin, Claudia Dale; Katz, Lawrence F. (2009). The Race between Education and Technology. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674035300. 
  46. ↑ Deming, David J.; Yuchtman, Noam; Abulafi, Amira; Goldin, Claudia; Katz, Lawrence F. (March 2016). "The Value of Postsecondary Credentials in the Labor Market: An Experimental Study" (in en). American Economic Review 106 (3): 778–806. doi:10.1257/aer.20141757. ISSN 0002-8282. 
  47. ↑ Walker, Peter J. (December 2018). "Time Traveler". Harvard.edu. https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/imf_people_in_economics_0.pdf. 
  48. ↑ Goldin, Claudia (1993). The Regulated Economy: A Historical Approach to Political Economy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/publications/political-economy-immigration-restriction-united-states-1890-1921. 
  49. ↑ Goldin, Claudia; Katz, Lawrence; Bordo, Michael; White, Eugene (1998). The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century. University of Chicago Press. https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/publications/distinctive-system-origins-and-impact-us-unemployment-compensation. 
  50. ↑ Tolbert, Pamela S. (March 2023). "Claudia Goldin. Career and Family: Women's Century-Long Journey Toward Equity" (in en). Administrative Science Quarterly 68 (1): NP9–NP11. doi:10.1177/00018392221105201. ISSN 0001-8392. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00018392221105201. 
  51. ↑ Olivetti, Claudia; Petrongolo, Barbara (31 October 2016). "The Evolution of Gender Gaps in Industrialized Countries" (in en). Annual Review of Economics 8 (1): 405–434. doi:10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115329. ISSN 1941-1383. 
  52. ↑ Jayachandran, Seema (1 August 2015). "The Roots of Gender Inequality in Developing Countries" (in en). Annual Review of Economics 7 (1): 63–88. doi:10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115404. ISSN 1941-1383. 
  53. ↑ Goldin, Claudia (2014). "A Grand Gender Convergence: Its Last Chapter" (in en). American Economic Review 104 (4): 1091–1119. doi:10.1257/aer.104.4.1091. ISSN 0002-8282. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.104.4.1091. 
  54. ↑ S.D. (2021). "Review: [Untitled on JSTOR"]. Population and Development Review 47 (4): 1219-1221. http://www.jstor.org/stable/45420162. 
  55. ↑ "Career & Family" (in en). https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/career-family. 
  56. ↑ "Career and Family". October 12, 2021. https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691201788/career-and-family. 
  57. ↑ Kampeas, Ron (October 9, 2023). "Economics Nobel awarded to Claudia Goldin for work on women in the labor market". https://www.jta.org/2023/10/09/united-states/economics-nobel-awarded-to-claudia-goldin-for-work-on-women-in-the-labor-market. 
  58. ↑ "Pika the Golden Retriever" (in en). https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/pages/pika. 
  59. ↑ "The Richard A. Lester Book Award". Princeton University Industrial Relations Section. https://irs.princeton.edu/lester-award. 
  60. ↑ "The Richard A. Lester Book Award" (in en). https://irs.princeton.edu/lester-award. 
  61. ↑ "Allan Sharlin Memorial Book Award". https://ssha.org/awards/sharlin_award/. 
  62. ↑ "Claudia Goldin Named the Recipient of the 2005 Carolyn Shaw Bell Award". https://www.aeaweb.org/content/file?id=453. 
  63. ↑ Glaser, Linda B. (October 15, 2014). "Oct. 23 talk will show path to full gender equality | Cornell Chronicle" (in en). Cornell Chronicle. https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2014/10/oct-23-talk-will-show-path-full-gender-equality. 
  64. ↑ "The John R. Commons Award". The American Economist 66 (1): 8–8. March 17, 2021. doi:10.1177/0569434520980962. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0569434520980962. 
  65. ↑ "The BBVA Foundation recognizes Claudia Goldin for pioneering analysis of the gender gap" (in en). March 26, 2019. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-03/bf-tbf032619.php. 
  66. ↑ Plc, Clarivate. "Clarivate Reveals 2020 Citation Laureates – Annual List of Researchers of Nobel Class". www.prnewswire.com (Press release). Retrieved October 9, 2023.
  67. ↑ "2021 Progress Medal laureates announcement". Society for Progress. October 3, 2021. http://societyforprogress.org/press/2021-progress-medal-laureates-announcement.pdf. 
  68. ↑ "2022 Visionary Awards Benefit Dinner". May 7, 2022. https://www.councilforeconed.org/2022-visionary-awards-benefit-dinner/. 
  69. ↑ "BBC 100 Women 2023: Who is on the list this year?" (in en-GB). November 23, 2023. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-02d9060e-15dc-426c-bfe0-86a6437e5234. 

External links

Academic offices
Preceded by
Christopher A. Sims 		President of the American Economic Association
2013–2014 		Succeeded by
William Nordhaus



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