Biography:Peter F. C. Gilbert

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Short description: English neuroscientist and businessman
Peter Francis Cecil Gilbert
Born (1944-07-07) 7 July 1944 (age 80)
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
NationalityUnited Kingdom
EducationRGS, Newcastle upon Tyne
Alma mater
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions

Peter Francis Cecil Gilbert (born 7 July 1944) is an English neuroscientist and biophysicist. He is known for his pioneering work on motor learning in the cerebellum.[2][3][4]

Early life and education

Gilbert was educated at the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle upon Tyne.[5] He went on to attend Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge on a college scholarship, graduating in 1966 with a degree in natural sciences. Remaining in Cambridge, he pursued a PhD at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, under the supervision of Aaron Klug, researching the structure of tobacco mosaic virus protein.[6][7][8]

Career and research

Upon finishing his PhD in 1970, Gilbert continued his research at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology as a staff scientist.[9] During this time, Gilbert developed Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique (SIRT) – an iterative method for reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of objects from two-dimensional projections.[10] The original SIRT, as proposed by Gilbert, along with the family of variants that it spawned (known as SIRT-like), have widespread applications across medicine and biology, such as CT scans and cryo-EM.[11][12][13]

Drawing of Purkinje cells by Santiago Ramón y Cajal. Gilbert and Thach demonstrated a role of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum for motor learning.[4]

In 1974, Gilbert moved into the field of neuroscience, joining the laboratory of Sir John Eccles at the State University of New York, Buffalo as a visiting professor, where he investigated the neurophysiology of the monkey cerebellum.[14] Towards the end of 1974 and after completing his work in the Eccles laboratory, Gilbert partnered with Dr W. T. Thach at Yale University. Over the next two years, at Yale and, later, at Washington University in St. Louis, the pair carried out pioneering work on cerebellar motor learning.[4] By recording from the Purkinje cells of conscious monkeys learning a manual task, Gilbert and Thach tested and confirmed theoretical predictions[2] on motor learning in the cerebellum.

Besides his experimental work, Gilbert has produced a number of theories on cerebellar motor learning and has published his theories in Nature[3] and other journals. Since 2000, he has expanded his focus from the cerebellum to the entire brain;[15] he is currently devoting his time to producing a unifying theory of brain function.

Personal life

Gilbert is the great-grandson of Sir Alfred Gilbert, the foremost member of the New Sculpture movement, and the nephew of Stephen Gilbert. He married twice and has four children.

See also

References

  1. ↑ {{Google Scholar id}} template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Gilbert, Peter F.C. (April 1974). "A theory of memory that explains the function and structure of the cerebellum". Brain Research 70 (1): 1–18. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90208-X. PMID 4822046. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gilbert, Peter (April 1975). "How the cerebellum could memorise movements". Nature 254 (5502): 688–689. doi:10.1038/254688a0. PMID 1124123. Bibcode: 1975Natur.254..688G. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Gilbert, P.F.C.; Thach, W.T. (June 1977). "Purkinje cell activity during motor learning". Brain Research 128 (2): 309–328. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90997-0. PMID 194656. 
  5. ↑ Medcalf, Jane (2017). "Old Novocastrians Magazine". Royal Grammar School, Newcastle upon Tyne. p. 16. http://ona.rgs.newcastle.sch.uk/media/1348/RGS%20ONA%20Issue%20100%20web.pdf. 
  6. ↑ Leberman, R.; Finch, J.T.; Gilbert, P.F.C.; Witz, J.; Klug, A. (June 1974). "X-ray analysis of the disk of tobacco mosaic virus protein: I. Crystallization of the protein and of a heavy-atom derivative". Journal of Molecular Biology 86 (2): 179–182. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(74)90010-2. PMID 4416913. 
  7. ↑ Finch, J.T.; Gilbert, P.F.C.; Klug, A.; Leberman, R. (June 1974). "X-ray analysis of the disk of tobacco mosaic virus protein: II. The packing arrangement in the crystal". Journal of Molecular Biology 86 (2): 183–192. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(74)90011-4. PMID 4416914. 
  8. ↑ Gilbert, P.F.C.; Klug, A. (June 1974). "X-ray analysis of the disk of tobacco mosaic virus protein: III. A low resolution electron density map". Journal of Molecular Biology 86 (2): 193–207. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(74)90012-6. PMID 4416915. 
  9. ↑ Huxley, Hugh (2013). Memories and Consequences. Cambridge, UK: The Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology. p. 204. ISBN 978-184831-646-1. 
  10. ↑ Gilbert, Peter (July 1972). "Iterative methods for the three-dimensional reconstruction of an object from projections". Journal of Theoretical Biology 36 (1): 105–117. doi:10.1016/0022-5193(72)90180-4. PMID 5070894. 
  11. ↑ Koning, Roman I.; Koster, Abraham J.; Sharp, Thomas H. (May 2018). "Advances in cryo-electron tomography for biology and medicine". Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 217: 82–96. doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2018.02.004. PMID 29526767. 
  12. ↑ Gregor, Jens; Benson, Thomas (July 2008). "Computational Analysis and Improvement of SIRT". IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 27 (7): 918–924. doi:10.1109/TMI.2008.923696. PMID 18599397. 
  13. ↑ Herman, Gabor T. (2009). Fundamentals of computerized tomography : image reconstruction from projections (2nd ed.). Dordrecht: Springer. p. 233. ISBN 978-1-84628-723-7. 
  14. ↑ Allen, G.I.; Gilbert, P.F.C.; Yin, T.C.T. (June 1978). "Convergence of cerebral inputs onto dentate neurons in monkey". Experimental Brain Research 32 (2): 151–70. doi:10.1007/BF00239724. PMID 210029. 
  15. ↑ Gilbert, Peter F.C. (August 2001). "An outline of brain function". Cognitive Brain Research 12 (1): 61–74. doi:10.1016/S0926-6410(01)00035-0. PMID 11489610. 




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