Biology:ATAD3B
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 3B (or ATAD3B) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATAD3B gene.[1] ATAD3 is part of the AAA protein family.[1] The function of ATAD3B is not yet well understood by the scientific community.
Function
ATAD3B is associated with the mitochondria. The C terminus is anchored in the mitochondrial inter membrane space.[2]
The protein is linked with the pluripotency of stem cells. The ATAD3A gene is targeted by c-Myc[2] which is one of four factors needed to create induced pluripotent stem (i-PS) cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEFs).[3]
Its expression is linked to cell cycle function and tumor growth.[4] When ATAD3B was overexpressed, cell duplication took an extra three hours by spending a longer time in G1 phase.[4]
Dominant negative activity
A mutation in the stop codon means that ATAD3B protein 62 amino acids longer at the C-terminus compared to ATAD3A.[5] This C-terminal extension of ATAD3B turns it into a negative regulator of ATAD3A.[2]
Clinical significance
Abnormal expression levels of ATAD3B has been linked to chemoresistance. Overexpression of ATAD3B was the found to be the strongest factor in breast cancer survival rates.[6]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Q5T9A4 · ATD3B_HUMAN". UniProt consortium. https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q5T9A4/entry.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "ATAD3B is a human embryonic stem cell specific mitochondrial protein, re-expressed in cancer cells, that functions as dominant negative for the ubiquitous ATAD3A". Mitochondrion 12 (4): 441–448. July 2012. doi:10.1016/j.mito.2012.05.005. PMID 22664726.
- ↑ "Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors" (in English). Cell 126 (4): 663–676. August 2006. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.024. PMID 16904174.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "ATAD 3A and ATAD 3B are distal 1p-located genes differentially expressed in human glioma cell lines and present in vitro anti-oncogenic and chemoresistant properties". Experimental Cell Research 314 (15): 2870–2883. September 2008. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.06.017. PMID 18639545.
- ↑ "ATAD3, a vital membrane bound mitochondrial ATPase involved in tumor progression". Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 44 (1): 189–197. February 2012. doi:10.1007/s10863-012-9424-5. PMID 22318359.
- ↑ "Integrative analysis of deep sequencing data identifies estrogen receptor early response genes and links ATAD3B to poor survival in breast cancer". PLOS Computational Biology 9 (6). 2013. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003100. PMID 23818839. Bibcode: 2013PLSCB...9E3100O.
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