Biology:Abies pinsapo

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Short description: Species of tree

Spanish fir
Spanish fir in the Sierra de las Nieves, Spain
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Abies
Species:
A. pinsapo
Binomial name
Abies pinsapo
Boiss.
     Native range ✖ Isolated population (var. pinsapo)

     Native range ▲ Isolated population (var. marocana)

Synonyms[2]

Picea pinsapo (Boiss.) Loudon

Abies pinsapo, Spanish fir, is a species of tree in the family Pinaceae,[2][3] native to southern Spain and northern Morocco.[4] Related to other species of Mediterranean firs, it appears at elevations of 900–1,800 metres (3,000–5,900 ft) in the Sierra de Grazalema in the Province of Cádiz and the Sierra de las Nieves and Sierra Bermeja (Spain) (es), both near Ronda in the province of Málaga.[5] In Morocco, it is limited to the Rif Mountains at elevations of 1,400–2,100 metres (4,600–6,900 ft) on Jebel Tisouka (ar) and Jebel Tasaot. The scientific name pinsapo is from the Spanish vernacular name for the species.

Description

Abies pinsapo is an evergreen conifer growing to m Template:Convert abbreviated tall, with a conic crown, often becoming irregular with age. The leaves are Template:Convert abbreviated long, arranged radially all round the shoots, and are strongly glaucous pale blue-green, with broad bands of whitish wax on both sides. The cones are cylindrical, measuring Template:Convert abbreviated long. They are green to pinkish-purple before maturity, and have a smooth surface, with short bract scales that do not protrude. When mature, they disintegrate to release the winged seeds.

There are two subspecies:[2]

  • Abies pinsapo subsp. pinsapo Boiss. – southern Spain.
  • Abies pinsapo subsp. marocana (Trab.) Emb. & Maire – northern Morocco.

The Moroccan subspecies, Moroccan fir, differs in the leaves being less strongly glaucous and the cones slightly longer, Template:Convert abbreviated long. It is sometimes treated as a separate species, Abies marocana.[6]

Conservation

Despite the best conservation and reforestation efforts that have greatly increased the abundance of Spanish fir, it still has several threats such as fires, urban projects, erosion, excessive visitors and tourists, etc.

Cultivation

The cultivars A. pinsapo 'Aurea'[7] (to 8m, with golden new growth) and A. pinsapo 'Glauca'[8] (to 12m plus, with grey-green leaves) have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

References

  1. ↑ Arista, A.; Alaoui, M.L.; Knees, S.; Gardner, M. (2011). "Abies pinsapo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T42295A10679577.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/42295/10679577. Retrieved 12 November 2021. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Abies pinsapo Boiss.". The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d.. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676606-1. 
  3. ↑ "Abies pinsapo Boiss.". The World Flora Online Consortium. n.d.. http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000511356. 
  4. ↑ Alizoti, P.G.; Fady, B.; Prada, M.A.; Vendramin, G.G (2009). "Mediterranean firs - Abies spp.". EUFORGEN Technical Guidelines for Genetic Conservation and Use. http://www.euforgen.org/fileadmin//templates/euforgen.org/upload/Publications/Technical_guidelines/1507_Mediterranen_firs_Abies_spp.pdf. Retrieved 2016-10-19. 
  5. ↑ "Abies pinsapo - EUFORGEN European forest genetic resources programme". https://www.euforgen.org/species/abies-pinsapo/. 
  6. ↑ "Abies marocana - EUFORGEN European forest genetic resources programme". https://www.euforgen.org/species/abies-marocana/. 
  7. ↑ "Abies pinsapo 'Aurea'". Royal Horticultural Society. https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/96162/i-Abies-pinsapo-i-Aurea/Details. 
  8. ↑ "Abies pinsapo 'Glauca'". RHS. https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/60/Abies-pinsapo-Glauca/Details. 

Wikidata ☰ Q849381 entry



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