Biology:Aenictus
From HandWiki
Aenictus is a large army ant genus distributed in the Old World tropics and subtropics.[1] It contains about 181 species,[2] making it one of the larger ant genera of the world.[3]
Biology and distribution
The genus presently has 181 species,[2] distributed through the East Mediterranean, Afrotropical, Oriental, Indo-Australian, and Australian regions.[3][4][5][6] Most of the species are tropical,[5] with terrestrial habitats, foraging in soil, leaf litter, most of the Southeast Asian species forage on the ground, and some on trees[7] and hunting other ant species and termites.[4][8][9]
Most species of the genus are specialized predators of other ants, especially of immature stages.[4][8][10] Only some Asian species such as Aenictus gracilis, Aenictus laeviceps, Aenictus hodgsoni, and Aenictus paradentatus are known to hunt a variety of invertebrate prey, including ants, using a large number of workers in raids.[4][7][11][12] Foraging raids undertaken by these ants occur both day and night, usually across the ground surface but occasionally also in trees. During raids, numerous workers attack ant nests in a small area, with several workers coordinating their efforts to carry large prey items back to the nest or bivouac.[1] Species of Aenictus are generally small, monomorphic and yellow to dark brown.[9]
Species
- Aenictus abeillei (André, 1886)
- Aenictus acerbus Shattuck, 2008
- Aenictus aitkenii Forel, 1901
- Aenictus alluaudi Santschi, 1910
- Aenictus alticola Wheeler, 1930
- Aenictus ambiguus Shuckard, 1840
- Aenictus anceps Forel, 1910
- Aenictus annae Forel, 1911
- Aenictus appressipilosus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus arabicus Sharaf & Aldawood, 2012
- Aenictus aratus Forel, 1900
- Aenictus artipus Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus arya Forel, 1901
- Aenictus asantei Campione et al., 1983
- Aenictus asperivalvus Santschi, 1919
- Aenictus bakeri Menozzi, 1925
- Aenictus baliensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus bayoni Menozzi, 1932
- Aenictus bidentatus Donisthorpe, 1942
- Aenictus binghamii Forel, 1900
- Aenictus biroi Forel, 1907
- Aenictus bobaiensis Zhou & Chen, 1999
- Aenictus bodongjaya Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus boltoni Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus bottegoi Emery, 1899
- Aenictus breviceps Forel, 1912
- Aenictus brevicornis (Mayr, 1879)
- Aenictus brevinodus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus brevipodus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus brutus Gómez et al., 2024
- Aenictus buttelreepeni Forel, 1913
- Aenictus buttgenbachi Forel, 1913
- Aenictus camposi Wheeler & Chapman, 1925
- Aenictus carolianus Zettel & Sorger, 2010
- Aenictus certus Westwood, 1842
- Aenictus ceylonicus (Mayr, 1866)
- Aenictus changmaianus Terayama & Kubota, 1993
- Aenictus chapmani Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus chittoorensis Sahoo et al., 2026
- Aenictus clavatus Forel, 1901
- Aenictus clavitibia Forel, 1901
- Aenictus concavus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus congolensis Santschi, 1911
- Aenictus cornutus Forel, 1900
- Aenictus crucifer Santschi, 1914
- Aenictus currax Emery, 1900
- Aenictus cylindripetiolus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus decolor (Mayr, 1879)
- Aenictus dentatus Forel, 1911
- Aenictus diclops Shattuck, 2008
- Aenictus dirangensis Dhadwal & Bharti, 2023
- Aenictus dlusskyi Arnol'di, 1968
- Aenictus doryloides Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus doydeei Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus duengkaei Jaitrong & Yamane, 2012
- Aenictus eguchii Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus eugenii Emery, 1895
- Aenictus exilis Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus feae Emery, 1889
- Aenictus fergusoni Forel, 1901
- Aenictus foreli Santschi, 1919
- Aenictus formosensis Forel, 1913
- Aenictus fuchuanensis Zhou, 2001
- Aenictus fulvus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus furculatus Santschi, 1919
- Aenictus fuscipennis Forel, 1913
- Aenictus fuscovarius Gerstäcker, 1859
- Aenictus gibbosus Dalla Torre, 1893
- Aenictus glabratus Jaitrong & Nur-Zati, 2010
- Aenictus glabrinotum Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus gleadowii Forel, 1901
- Aenictus gonioccipus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus gracilis Emery, 1893
- Aenictus grandis Bingham, 1903
- Aenictus guineensis Santschi, 1924
- Aenictus gutianshanensis Staab, 2014
- Aenictus hamifer Emery, 1896
- Aenictus henanensis Li & Wang, 2005
- Aenictus hilli Clark, 1928
- Aenictus hitai Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus hodgsoni Forel, 1901
- Aenictus hoelldobleri Staab, 2015
- Aenictus hottai Terayama & Yamane, 1989
- Aenictus humeralis Santschi, 1910
- Aenictus huonicus Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus icarus Forel, 1911
- Aenictus idoneus Menozzi, 1928
- Aenictus inconspicuus Westwood, 1845
- Aenictus indicus Bharti et al., 2012
- Aenictus inflatus Yamane & Hashimoto, 1999
- Aenictus itoi Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus jacki Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus jacobsoni Forel, 1909
- Aenictus jarujini Jaitrong & Yamane, 2010
- Aenictus javanus Emery, 1896
- Aenictus jawadwipa Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus kadalarensis Sahoo et al., 2023
- Aenictus khaoyaiensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus kodaguensis Sahoo et al., 2024
- Aenictus kodagura Shakur & Bagchi, 2024
- Aenictus kodungallurensis Antony & Prasad, 2022
- Aenictus koloi Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus kutai Jaitrong & Wiwatwitaya, 2013
- Aenictus laeviceps (Smith, 1857)
- Aenictus lankamallensis Sahoo et al., 2026
- Aenictus latifemoratus Terayama & Yamane, 1989
- Aenictus latiscapus Forel, 1901
- Aenictus leliepvrei Bernard, 1953
- Aenictus leptotyphlatta Jaitrong & Eguchi, 2010
- Aenictus levior (Karavaiev, 1926)
- Aenictus lifuiae Terayama, 1984
- Aenictus longi Forel, 1901
- Aenictus longicephalus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus longinodus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2012
- Aenictus luteus Emery, 1892
- Aenictus luzoni Wheeler & Chapman, 1925
- Aenictus malakkaparensis Antony & Prasad, 2022
- Aenictus maneerati Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus mariae Emery, 1895
- Aenictus mauritanicus Santschi, 1910
- Aenictus mentu Weber, 1942
- Aenictus minimus Jaitrong & Hashimoto, 2012
- Aenictus minipetiolus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus minutulus Terayama & Yamane, 1989
- Aenictus mocsaryi Emery, 1901
- Aenictus moebii Emery, 1895
- Aenictus montivagus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus mutatus Santschi, 1913
- Aenictus mvuvii Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus nesiotis Wheeler, 1930
- Aenictus nganduensis Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus nishimurai Terayama & Kubota, 1993
- Aenictus nuchiti Jaitrong & Ruangsittichai, 2018
- Aenictus nyuyi Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus obscurus Smith, 1865
- Aenictus orientalis (Karavaiev, 1926)
- Aenictus pachycerus (Smith, 1858)
- Aenictus pangantihoni Zettel & Sorger, 2010
- Aenictus paradentatus Jaitrong et al., 2012
- Aenictus parahuonicus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus peguensis Emery, 1895
- Aenictus pfeifferi Zettel & Sorger, 2010
- Aenictus pharao Santschi, 1924
- Aenictus philiporum Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus philippinensis Chapman, 1963
- Aenictus piercei Wheeler, 1930
- Aenictus pilosus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus pinkaewi Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus popeyei Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus porizonoides Walker, 1860
- Aenictus powersi Wheeler, 1930
- Aenictus prolixus Shattuck, 2008
- Aenictus pubescens Smith, 1859
- Aenictus punctatus Jaitrong & Yamane, 2012
- Aenictus punctiventris Emery, 1901
- Aenictus punensis Forel, 1901
- Aenictus rabori Chapman, 1963
- Aenictus raptor Forel, 1913
- Aenictus reyesi Chapman, 1963
- Aenictus rhodiensis Menozzi, 1936
- Aenictus rixator Emery, 1901
- Aenictus rotundatus Mayr, 1901
- Aenictus rotundicollis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus rougieri André, 1893
- Aenictus sagei Forel, 1901
- Aenictus samungi Jaitrong & Ruangsittichai, 2018
- Aenictus schneirlai Wilson, 1964
- Aenictus shilintongae Jaitrong & Schultz, 2016
- Aenictus shillongensis Mathew & Tiwari, 2000
- Aenictus shuckardi Forel, 1901
- Aenictus siamensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus sirenicus Yamane & Wang, 2015
- Aenictus siamensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus sonchaengi Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus soudanicus Santschi, 1910
- Aenictus spathifer Santschi, 1928
- Aenictus steindachneri Mayr, 1901
- Aenictus stenocephalus Jaitrong et al., 2010
- Aenictus subterraneus Jaitrong & Hashimoto, 2012
- Aenictus sulawesiensis Jaitrong & Wiwatwitaya, 2013
- Aenictus sumatrensis Forel, 1913
- Aenictus sundalandensis Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus susanae Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus thailandianus Terayama & Kubota, 1993
- Aenictus togoensis Santschi, 1915
- Aenictus trigonus Forel, 1911
- Aenictus turneri Forel, 1900
- Aenictus ugaduwensis Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus vagans Santschi, 1924
- Aenictus vaucheri Emery, 1915
- Aenictus vieti Jaitrong et al., 2010
- Aenictus villiersi Bernard, 1953
- Aenictus watanasiti Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus wayani Jaitrong & Yamane, 2011
- Aenictus weissi Santschi, 1910
- Aenictus westwoodi Forel, 1901
- Aenictus wilaiae Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus wilsoni Bharti et al., 2012
- Aenictus wiwatwitayai Jaitrong & Yamane, 2013
- Aenictus wroughtonii Forel, 1890
- Aenictus wudangshanensis Wang, 2006
- Aenictus xegi Gómez, 2022
- Aenictus yamanei Wiwatwitaya & Jaitrong, 2011
- Aenictus yangi Liu et al., 2015
- Aenictus zhengi Zhang, 1995
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2013). "The Aenictus ceylonicus species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae) from Southeast Asia". Journal of Hymenoptera Research 31: 165–233. doi:10.3897/JHR.31.4274. https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/1625/download/pdf/.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bolton, B. (2014). "Aenictus". AntCat. http://antcat.org/catalog/429477.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2012). "Review of the Southeast Asian species of the Aenictus javanus and Aenictus philippinensis species groups (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae)". ZooKeys (193): 49–78. doi:10.3897/zookeys.193.2768. PMID 22679379. Bibcode: 2012ZooK..193...49J.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Gotwald WH (1995) Army ants: the Biology of Social Predation. Cornell University Press, New York, 320 pp.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Brown WL Jr. (2000) Diversity of ants. In: Agosti et al. (Eds) Ants. standard methods for measuring and monitoring biodiversity. Biological diversity hand book series. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London, 280 pp.
- ↑ Aktaç N, Radchenko AG, Kiran K (2004) On the taxonomy of the west Palaearctic Aenictinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annales Zoologici 54 (2): 361-364.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Hirosawa, H.; Higashi, S.; Mohamed, M. (2000). "Food habits of Aenictus army ants and their effects on the ant community in a rain forest of Borneo". Insectes Sociaux 47: 42–49. doi:10.1007/s000400050007.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Rościszewski M, Maschwitz U (1994) Prey specialization of army ants of the genus Aenictus in Malaysia. Andrias 13: 179-187.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Sharaf, M.; Aldawood, A.; El-Hawagry, M. (2012). "First record of the ant subfamily Aenictinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia, with the description of a new species". ZooKeys (228): 39–49. doi:10.3897/zookeys.228.3559. PMID 23166469. PMC 3487640. Bibcode: 2012ZooK..228...39S. https://archive.org/details/pubmed-PMC3487640.
- ↑ Gotwald, W. H. (1976). "Behavioral Observations on African Army Ants of the Genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Biotropica 8 (1): 59–65. doi:10.2307/2387819. Bibcode: 1976Biotr...8...59G.
- ↑ Shattuck SO (2008) Review of the ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Australia with notes on A. ceylonicus (Mayr). Zootaxa 1926: 1-19.
- ↑ Jaitrong W, Yamane Sk (2011) Synopsis of Aenictus species groups and revision of the A. currax and A. laeviceps groups in the eastern Oriental, Indo-Australian, and Australasian regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Aenictinae). Zootaxa 3128: 1-46.
<ref> tag with name "AWAenictinae" defined in <references> is not used in prior text.
This article incorporates text from a scholarly publication published under a copyright license that allows anyone to reuse, revise, remix and redistribute the materials in any form for any purpose: Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2012). "Review of the Southeast Asian species of the Aenictus javanus and Aenictus philippinensis species groups (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae)". ZooKeys (193): 49–78. doi:10.3897/zookeys.193.2768. PMID 22679379. Bibcode: 2012ZooK..193...49J. Please check the source for the exact licensing terms.- This article incorporates text from a scholarly publication published under a copyright license that allows anyone to reuse, revise, remix and redistribute the materials in any form for any purpose: Sharaf, M.; Aldawood, A.; El-Hawagry, M. (2012). "First record of the ant subfamily Aenictinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia, with the description of a new species". ZooKeys (228): 39–49. doi:10.3897/zookeys.228.3559. PMID 23166469. PMC 3487640. Bibcode: 2012ZooK..228...39S. https://archive.org/details/pubmed-PMC3487640. Please check the source for the exact licensing terms.
- This article incorporates text from a scholarly publication published under a copyright license that allows anyone to reuse, revise, remix and redistribute the materials in any form for any purpose: Jaitrong, W. J.; Yamane, S. (2013). "The Aenictus ceylonicus species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae) from Southeast Asia". Journal of Hymenoptera Research 31: 165–233. doi:10.3897/JHR.31.4274. https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/1625/download/pdf/. Please check the source for the exact licensing terms.
External links
Data related to Aenictus at Wikispecies
Wikidata ☰ Q310045 entry
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