Biology:Allotheria
| Allotheria | |
|---|---|
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| Skull of Ptilodus (Multituberculata) | |
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| Skull of Adalatherium (Gondwanatheria) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Clade: | Theriiformes |
| Infraclass: | †Allotheria Marsh, 1880 |
| Subgroups | |
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Allotheria (meaning "other beasts", from the Greek αλλός, allos–other and θήριον, therion–wild animal) is an extinct clade of mammals known from the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic. Shared characteristics of the group are the presence of lower molariform teeth equipped with longitudinal rows of cusps[1] and enlarged incisors.[2] Typically, the canine teeth are also lost.[2] Allotheria includes Multituberculata, Gondwanatheria (which may be part of Multituberculata, as the sister group to Cimolodonta),[3][4][5][6] and probably Haramiyida,[7] (sometimes only including Euharamiyida[2]) although some studies have recovered haramiyidans to be basal mammaliaforms unrelated to multituberculates.[8] Allotherians are often placed as crown group mammals, more closely related to living marsupials and placentals (Theria) than to monotremes or eutriconodonts.[2]
References
- ↑ Butler, P.M. (2000). "Review of the early allotherian mammals". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 45 (4): 317–342. https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app45-317.html.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Hoffmann, Simone; Beck, Robin M. D.; Wible, John R.; Rougier, Guillermo W.; Krause, David W. (2020-12-14). "Phylogenetic placement of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar: implications for allotherian relationships" (in en). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40 (sup1): 213–234. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1801706. ISSN 0272-4634. Bibcode: 2020JVPal..40S.213H. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2020.1801706.
- ↑ Krause, D. W.; Prasad, G. V. R.; von Koenigswald, W.; Sahni, A.; Grine, F. E. (1997). "Cosmopolitanism among Gondwanan Late Cretaceous mammals". Nature 390 (6659): 504–507. doi:10.1038/37343. Bibcode: 1997Natur.390..504K. http://www.anat.stonybrook.edu/dkrause/articles/1997_lavanify.pdf.
- ↑ Krause, David W.; Hoffmann, Simone; Wible, John R.; Kirk, E. Christopher; Schultz, Julia A.; von Koenigswald, Wighart; Groenke, Joseph R.; Rossie, James B. (2014-11-05). O'Connor, Patrick M., Seiffert, Erik R., Dumont, Elizabeth R., Holloway, Waymon L., Rogers, Raymond R., Rahantarisoa, Lydia J., Kemp, Addison D., Andriamialison, Haingoson. "First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism". Nature (Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited) 515 (7528): 512–517. doi:10.1038/nature13922. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 25383528. Bibcode: 2014Natur.515..512K.
- ↑ Drake, Nadia (November 5, 2014). "Fossil From Dinosaur Era Reveals Big Mammal With Super Senses". National Geographic Society. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/11/141105-mammal-evolution-vintana-fossil-science/.
- ↑ Wilford, John Noble (November 5, 2014). "Fossil's Unusual Size and Location Offer Clues in Evolution of Mammals". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/06/science/madagascar-fossil-vintana-mammals-evolution.html.
- ↑ Luo, Z.-X.; Kielan-Jaworowska, Z.; Cifelli, R.L. (2002). "In quest for a phylogeny of Mesozoic mammals". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (1): 1–78.
- ↑ Luo, Zhe-Xi; Gates, Stephen M.; Jenkins Jr., Farish A.; Amaral, William W.; Shubin, Neil H. (16 November 2015). "Mandibular and dental characteristics of Late Triassic mammaliaform Haramiyavia and their ramifications for basal mammal evolution". PNAS 112 (51): E7101–E7109. doi:10.1073/pnas.1519387112. PMID 26630008. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..112E7101L.
Further reading
Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska, Richard L. Cifelli, and Zhe-Xi Luo, Mammals from the Age of Dinosaurs: Origins, Evolution, and Structure (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004), 249.
Wikidata ☰ Q1419784 entry
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