Biology:Amnesiac gene
| Amnesiac neuropeptides | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||
| Organism | |||||||
| Symbol | amn | ||||||
| UniProt | Q24049 | ||||||
| |||||||
The amnesiac (amn) gene in Drosophila is a mutant suppressor of the dunce gene. The gene produces a neuropeptide[1][2][3] of the same name.[4]
Biological role
By suppressing dunce through mutagenesis, the amnesiac gene plays a role in reproduction of Drosophila because dunce is the sterility gene.[3][5] This molecule has similar peptides to pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).[2][3] The biological role of amnesiac gene is activating the adenyl cyclase second messenger pathway (cAMP) involved in its memory retrieval through these two peptides.[1][2][5][6] The sensory and motor capabilities of amnesiac are normal, but it is memory retrieval that is affected, not storage.[7] The amnesiac gene is directly involved in development of memory retrieval in the brain along with alcohol sensitivity patterning.[1][6]
Clinical relevance
Defects associated with amnesiac gene include: increased sensitivity to alcohol,[6] normal initial memory, and failure for adult memory formation.[5] Defects associated with amnesiac are due to the behavior of amn as a sex-linked recessive on the X chromosome.[7] An abnormality on one allele of the genetic mutant, amnesiac, that increases sensitivity to alcohol is called cheapdate.[2][6] Scientists have not generated a knockout model yet for the amnesiac gene due to the mutant effects created on multiple genes along with the need for further research studies about the amnesiac gene.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "A Neuropeptide Gene Defined by the Drosophila Memory Mutant amnesiac". Science 268 (5212): 869–873. May 1995. doi:10.1126/science.7754370. PMID 7754370. Bibcode: 1995Sci...268..869F.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Brody, T. Amnesiac. (2006).
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Brody, T. (June 2015). "Amnesiac – Developmental Biology".
- ↑ Schoofs, Liliane; De Loof, Arnold; Van Hiel, Matthias Boris (2017-01-31). "Neuropeptides as Regulators of Behavior in Insects". Annual Review of Entomology (Annual Reviews) 62 (1): 35–52. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035500. ISSN 0066-4170. PMID 27813667. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/632231.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Davis, R. (April 1996). "Physiology and Biochemistry of Drosophlia Learning Mutants". The American Physiological Society 76 (2): 299–317. doi:10.1152/physrev.1996.76.2.299. PMID 8618959.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Heberlein, U. (2000). "Genetics of Alcohol-Induced Behaviors in Drosophlia". Alcohol Research & Health 24 (3): 185–188. PMID 11199289. PMC 6709738. http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh24-3/185-188.pdf.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "The Drosophila memory mutant amnesiac". Nature 277 (5693): 212–214. January 1979. doi:10.1038/277212a0. PMID 121760. Bibcode: 1979Natur.277..212Q.
 |  |
