Biology:Aplidium albicans
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Short description: Sea squirt, source of toxin aplidine
| Aplidium albicans | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Subphylum: | Tunicata |
| Class: | Ascidiacea |
| Order: | Aplousobranchia |
| Family: | Polyclinidae |
| Genus: | Aplidium |
| Species: | A. albicans
|
| Binomial name | |
| Aplidium albicans (Milne Edwards, 1841)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Aplidium albicans is a toxic sea squirt native to the Mediterranean Sea.
Range
Native to the Mediterranean Sea.[2][3][4][5] Population density is sparse in its native range.[5]
Toxins
A. albicans contains aplidine (aplidin, plitidepsin),[6][2][7][8] found by Steiner et al 2015 and Borjan et al 2015[7] to be a cytotoxin (due to its apoptotic[4][5][9] effect) and antiangiogenic.[2][7][5] The toxin is structurally and functionally almost identical to toxins produced by the genus Tistrella of marine bacteria.[8]
Aquaculture
Aquaculture of A. albicans has not been economically feasible (As of 2008).[5]
References
- ↑ "Aplidium albicans". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=103634.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Mayer, Alejandro M.S.; Glaser, Keith B.; Cuevas, Carmen; Jacobs, Robert S.; Kem, William; Little, R. Daniel; McIntosh, J. Michael; Newman, David J. et al. (2010). "The odyssey of marine pharmaceuticals: a current pipeline perspective". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (Cell Press) 31 (6): 255–265. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.02.005. ISSN 0165-6147. PMID 20363514.
- ↑ "Aplidium albicans". Species. GBIF. http://www.gbif.org/species/2330933.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bruno, B; Giaccone, L; Rotta, M; Anderson, K; Boccadoro, M (2005-08-11). "Novel targeted drugs for the treatment of multiple myeloma: from bench to bedside". Leukemia (Nature Portfolio) 19 (10): 1729–1738. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403905. PMID 16094421.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Molinski, Tadeusz F.; Dalisay, Doralyn S.; Lievens, Sarah L.; Saludes, Jonel P. (2008-12-19). "Drug development from marine natural products". Nature Reviews (Nature) 8 (1): 69–85. doi:10.1038/nrd2487. ISSN 1474-1776. PMID 19096380.
- ↑ Ptak, Carolyn; Petronis, Arturas (2008-02-01). "Epigenetics and Complex Disease: From Etiology to New Therapeutics". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (Annual Reviews) 48 (1): 257–276. doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.48.113006.094731. ISSN 0362-1642.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Pircher, Andreas; Steiner, Normann; Gunsilius, Eberhard (2019). 12 Cytotoxics and Anti-angiogenics. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Reference. pp. 327–347. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33673-2_12.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 McCauley, Erin P.; Piña, Ivett C.; Thompson, Alyssa D.; Bashir, Kashif; Weinberg, Miriam; Kurz, Shannon L.; Crews, Phillip (2020-06-08). "Highlights of marine natural products having parallel scaffolds found from marine-derived bacteria, sponges, and tunicates". The Journal of Antibiotics (Japan Antibiotics Research Association (Nature)) 73 (8): 504–525. doi:10.1038/s41429-020-0330-5. ISSN 0021-8820. PMID 32507851.
- ↑ Aniszewski, Tadeusz (2015). Alkaloids: Chemistry, Biology, Ecology, and Applications. Amsterdam: Elsevier. p. 365. ISBN 978-0-444-59433-4. OCLC 908192049.
Wikidata ☰ Q4924329 entry
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