Biology:Archaeopriapulida

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Short description: Class of marine worms

Archaeopriapulida
Temporal range: Cambrian Stage 3–Middle Cambrian
Ottoia burrowing.jpg
Reconstruction of the archaeopriapulid Ottoia
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Stem group: Priapulida (?)
Class: †Archaeopriapulida

Archaeopriapulida is a group of priapulid worms known from Cambrian lagerstätte.[3] The group is closely related to, and very similar to, the modern Priapulids.[4] It is unclear whether it is mono- or polyphyletic.[5] Despite a remarkable morphological similarity to their modern cousins,[6] they fall outside of the priapulid crown group, which is not unambiguously represented in the fossil record until the Carboniferous.[7] In addition to well-preserved body fossils, remains of several archaeopriapulid taxa are known to have been preserved primarily as organic microfossils, such as isolated scalids and pharyngeal teeth.[8][9][10] They are probably closely related or paraphyletic to the palaeoscolecids; the relationship between these basal worms is somewhat unresolved.[5]

Species

  • Genus Acosmia maotiania Chen & Zhoi 1997 (Chengjiang deposits)
    • Acosmia maotiania Chen & Zhoi 1997
  • Genus Archotuba Hou et al. 1999 (possibly a Cnidarian) (Chengjiang deposits)[11]
    • Archotuba conoidalis Hou et al. 1999
  • Genus Baltiscalida Slater et al. 2017
    • Baltiscalida njorda Slater et al. 2017
  • Genus Eopriapulites Liu & al 2014[12]
    • Eopriapulites sphinx Liu & al 2014
  • Genus Eximipriapulus Ma et al. 2014 (Chengjiang deposits) [13]
    • Eximipriapulus globocaudatus Ma et al. 2014
  • Genus Lagenula Luo & Hu 1999 nomen dubium (Chengjiang deposits)[6]
    • Lagenula striolata Luo & Hu 1999 nomen dubium
  • Genus Laojieella Han et al. 2006 (Chengjiang deposits)[14]
    • Laojieella thecata Han et al. 2006
  • Genus Lecythioscopa Conway Morris 1977 (Burgess Shale)
    • Lecythioscopa simplex (Walcott 1931) Conway Morris 1977 [Canadia simplex Walcott 1931]
  • Genus Oligonodus Luo & Hu 1999 nomen dubium (Chengjiang deposits)[6]
    • Oligonodus specialis Luo & Hu 1999 nomen dubium
  • Genus Omnidens? Hou & al 2006 (Chengjiang deposits)
    • Omnidens amplus Hou & al 2006
  • Genus Sandaokania Luo & Hu 1999 nomen dubium (Chengjiang deposits)[6]
    • Sandaokania latinodosa Luo & Hu 1999 nomen dubium
  • Genus Singuuriqia Peel 2017 (Sirius Passet)[15]
    • Singuuriqia simoni Peel 2017
  • Genus Sullulika Peel & Willman, 2018[16]
    • Sullulika broenlundi Peel & Willman, 2018
  • Genus Xishania Hong 1981
    • Xishania fusiformis Hong 1981
    • Xishania jiangxiensis Hong 1988
  • Genus Paratubiluchus Han, Shu, Zhang et Liu, 2004 (Chengjiang deposits)
    • Paratubiluchus bicaudatus Han, Shu, Zhang et Liu, 2004
  • Genus Xiaoheiqingella Hu 2002
    • Xiaoheiqingella peculiaris Hu 2002 [Yunnanpriapulus halteroformis Huang et al 2004[17]][18] (Chengjiang deposits)
  • Genus Priapulites Schram 1973 (Mazon Creek)
    • Priapulites konecniorum Schram 1973
  • Family Palaeopriapulitidae Hou et al. 1999
    • Genus Sicyophorus Luo & Hu 1999 (Chengjiang deposits)[6]
      • Sicyophorus rara Luo & Hu 1999
      • Sicyophorus sp.[19]
    • Genus Paraselkirkia Luo & Hu 1999[20]
      • Paraselkirkia sinica (Luo & Hu 1999) Luo & Hu 1999
  • Family Selkirkiidae Conway Morris 1977 (stem Palaeoscolecida)[21]
    • Genus Selkirkia Walcott 1911
      • Selkirkia elongata Luo & Hu 1999 (Chengjiang deposits)
      • Selkirkia columbia Walcott 1911 (Burgess Shale)
      • Selkirkia pennsylvanica Resser & Howell 1938
      • Selkirkia spencei Resser 1939
      • Selkirkia willoughbyi Conway Morris & Robison 1986
  • Order Ancalagonida Adrianov & Malakhov 1995 (stem Scalidophora)[21]
    • Family Ancalagonidae Conway Morris 1977
      • Genus Ancalagon (Walcott 1911) Conway Morris 1977 (Burgess Shale)
        • Ancalagon minor (Walcott 1911) Conway Morris 1977
    • Family Fieldiidae Conway Morris 1977
      • Genus Fieldia Walcott 1912 (Burgess Shale)
        • Fieldia lanceolata Walcott 1912
    • Genus Scolecofurca Conway Morris 1977 (Burgess Shale)
      • Scolecofurca rara Conway Morris 1977
    • Family Ottoiidae Walcott 1911
      • Genus Ottoia Walcott 1911
        • Ottoia cylindrica (Sun & Hou 1987)
        • Ottoia guizhouenis Yang, Zhao & Zhang 2016
        • Ottoia prolifica Walcott 1911 (Burgess Shale)
        • Ottoia tenuis Walcott 1911
        • Ottoia tricuspida Smith, Harvey & Butterfield 2015
    • Family Corynetidae Huang, Vannier & Chen 2004
      • Genus Corynetis Luo & Hu 1999
        • Corynetis brevis Luo & Hu 1999 [Anningvermis multispinosus Huang et al 2004[6]) (Chengjiang deposits)[13]
        • Corynetis fortis Hu et al. 2012 [22] (Chengjiang deposits)
        • Corynetis pusillus (Klug 1842)
    • Family Miskoiidae Walcott 1911
      • Genus Louisella Conway Morris 1977 (Burgess Shale)
        • Louisella pedunculata (Walcott 1911) Conway Morris 1977
      • Genus Miskoia Walcott 1911
        • Miskoia placida Walcott 1931
        • Miskoia preciosa Walcott 1911

References

  1. ↑ Smith, M. R.; Harvey, T. H. P.; Butterfield, N. J. (2015). "The macro- and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia". Palaeontology 58 (4): 705–721. doi:10.1111/pala.12168. http://dro.dur.ac.uk/18218/1/18218.pdf. 
  2. ↑ Supplementary information from Smith, M.R.; Harvey, T.H.P.; Butterfield, N.J. (2015). "The macro- and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia". Palaeontology 58 (4): 705–721. doi:10.1111/pala.12168. http://dro.dur.ac.uk/18218/1/18218.pdf. 
  3. ↑ Conway Morris, S. (1979). "The Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian) Fauna". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 10: 327–349. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.10.110179.001551. 
  4. ↑ Por, F. D. (1983). "Class Seticoronaria and Phylogeny of the Phylum Priapulida". Zoologica Scripta 12 (4): 267–272. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1983.tb00510.x. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Wills, M. A. (1 April 1998). "Cambrian and Recent Disparity: the Picture from Priapulids". Paleobiology 24 (2): 177–199. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(1998)024[0177:CARDTP2.3.CO;2]. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia 37: 21–33. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088. 
  7. ↑ Budd, G. E.; Jensen, S. (2000). "A critical reappraisal of the fossil record of the bilaterian phyla". Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 75 (2): 253–95. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1999.tb00046.x. PMID 10881389. 
  8. ↑ Slater, Ben J.; Harvey, Thomas H. P.; Guilbaud, Romain; Butterfield, Nicholas J. (January 2017). Rahman, Imran. ed. "A cryptic record of Burgess Shale-type diversity from the early Cambrian of Baltica" (in en). Palaeontology 60 (1): 117–140. doi:10.1111/pala.12273. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pala.12273. 
  9. ↑ Smith, Martin R.; Harvey, Thomas H. P.; Butterfield, Nicholas J. (July 2015). Kouchinsky, Artem. ed. "The macro‐ and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia" (in en). Palaeontology 58 (4): 705–721. doi:10.1111/pala.12168. ISSN 0031-0239. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pala.12168. 
  10. ↑ Wernström, Joel Vikberg; Slater, Ben J.; Sørensen, Martin V.; Crampton, Denise; Altenburger, Andreas (2023-08-12). "Geometric morphometrics of macro- and meiofaunal priapulid pharyngeal teeth provides a proxy for studying Cambrian "tooth taxa"" (in en). Zoomorphology. doi:10.1007/s00435-023-00617-4. ISSN 1432-234X. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-023-00617-4. 
  11. ↑ Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas (2012-12-21). Nematomorpha, Priapulida, Kinorhyncha, Loricifera. ISBN 9783110272536. https://books.google.com/books?id=NBP4bvxp1loC&q=Archotuba+conoidalis&pg=PA14. 
  12. ↑ Liu, Y.; Xiao, S.; Shao, T.; Broce, J.; Zhang, H. (2014). "The oldest known priapulid-like scalidophoran animal and its implications for the early evolution of cycloneuralians and ecdysozoans". Evolution & Development 16 (3): 155–65. doi:10.1111/ede.12076. PMID 24754444. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Ma, X.; Aldridge, R. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Hou, X.; Edgecombe, G. D. (2014). "A New Exceptionally Preserved Cambrian Priapulid from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte". Journal of Paleontology 88 (2): 371. doi:10.1666/13-082. 
  14. ↑ Han, J.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Z.; Shu, D. (2006). "A new theca-bearing Early Cambrian worm from the Chengjiang Fossil Lagerstätte, China". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 30: 1–10. doi:10.1080/03115510608619340. 
  15. ↑ Peel, John S. (2017). "Feeding behaviour of a new worm (Priapulida) from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) of North Greenland (Laurentia)". Palaeontology 60 (6): 795–805. doi:10.1111/pala.12316. 
  16. ↑ Peel, John S; Willman, Sebastian (2018). "The Buen Formation (Cambrian Series 2) biota of North Greenland". Papers in Palaeontology 4 (3): 381–432. doi:10.1002/spp2.1112. 
  17. ↑ Huang, D.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J. (2004). "Recent Priapulidae and their Early Cambrian ancestors: Comparisons and evolutionary significance". Geobios 37 (2): 217. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2003.04.004. 
  18. ↑ Han, J.; Shu, D.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, J. (2004). "The earliest-known ancestors of Recent Priapulomorpha from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte". Chinese Science Bulletin 49 (17): 1860. doi:10.1007/BF03183414. Bibcode: 2004ChSBu..49.1860H. 
  19. ↑ Zeng, H.; Zhao, F.; Yin, Z.; Li, G.; Zhu, M. (2014). "A Chengjiang-type fossil assemblage from the Hongjingshao Formation (Cambrian Stage 3) at Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan". Chinese Science Bulletin 59 (25): 3169. doi:10.1007/s11434-014-0419-y. Bibcode: 2014ChSBu..59.3169Z. 
  20. ↑ (Chengjiang deposits)Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, J.; Shu, D. (2007). "Evidence of Priapulid Scavenging from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Deposits, Southern China". PALAIOS 22 (6): 691–694. doi:10.2110/palo.2006.p06-117r. ISSN 0883-1351. Bibcode: 2007Palai..22..691H. http://intl-palaios.geoscienceworld.org/content/22/6/691.full. [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Haaramo, Mikko (2003). "Scalidophora – †palaeoscolecids, priapulids, mud dragons and brush heads". https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/mhaaramo/metazoa/protostoma/scalidophora.html#Palaeoscolecida. 
  22. ↑ Hu, S.; Steiner, M.; Zhu, M.; Luo, H.; Forchielli, A.; Keupp, H.; Zhao, F.; Liu, Q. (2012). "A new priapulid assemblage from the early Cambrian Guanshan fossil Lagerstätte of SW China". Bulletin of Geosciences: 93–106. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1238. 

Wikidata ☰ Q4785523 entry



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