Biology:Asplenium viride
| Green spleenwort | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Suborder: | Aspleniineae |
| Family: | Aspleniaceae |
| Genus: | Asplenium |
| Species: | A. viride
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| Binomial name | |
| Asplenium viride Huds.
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Asplenium viride is a species of fern known as the green spleenwort because of its green stipes and rachides. This feature easily distinguishes it from the very similar-looking maidenhair spleenwort, Asplenium trichomanes.
Taxonomy
Green spleenwort was described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 Species Plantarum, under the name "Asplenium Trich. ramosum", with a type locality of "in Arvorniæ rupibus" (rocks in Caernarfonshire).[1] Under the rules of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, phrase names such as "Asplenium Trichomanes ramosum" are to be treated as orthographic errors – in this case, for "Asplenium ramosum".[2] That name was later rejected in favour of William Hudson's later name Asplenium viride,[3] which had a type locality of "in rupibus humidis in montibus Walliæ et in comitatibus Eboracensi et Westmorlandico" (damp rocks in the mountains of Wales, Yorkshire and Westmorland).[4]
A global phylogeny of Asplenium published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades,[5] which were given informal names pending further taxonomic study. A. viride belongs to the "A. viride subclade" of the "A. trichomanes clade".[6] The A. trichomanes clade has a worldwide distribution. Members of the clade grow on rocks and usually have once-pinnate leaf blades with slender, chestnut- to dark-brown stalks. The A. viride subclade, which contains only A. viride and its allopolyploid descendant A. adulterinum, is exceptional in having green stalks.[7]
Ecology
A. viride is a native species of northern and western North America and northern Europe and Asia. It is a small rock fern, growing on calcareous rock. It is a diploid species, with n = 36, and hybridizes with Asplenium trichomanes to produce Asplenium × adulterinum, found on Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
References
- ↑ Carl Linnaeus (1753). Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. 2. Stockholm: Impensis Laurentii Salvii. http://www.botanicus.org/item/31753000802832.
- ↑ "Article 23: Names of species". International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Tokyo Code). Regnum Vegetabile 131. Königstein: Koeltz Scientific Books. 1994. ISBN 3-87429-367-X.
- ↑ Zimmer, B.; Greuter, W.. "Proposal to Reject the Name Asplenium ramosum L. (Pteridophyta)". Taxon 43 (2): 303–304. doi:10.2307/1222897.
- ↑ William Hudson (1798). Flora anglica (3rd ed.). R. Faulder. p. 453. https://books.google.com/books?id=Jx05AAAAMAAJ.
- ↑ Xu et al. 2020, p. 27.
- ↑ Xu et al. 2020, p. 39.
- ↑ Xu et al. 2020, p. 44.
- Xu, Ke-Wang; Zhang, Liang; Rothfels, Carl J.; Smith, Alan R.; Viane, Ronald; Lorence, David; Wood, Kenneth R.; Cheng, Cheng-Wei et al. (2020). "A global plastid phylogeny of the fern genus Asplenium (Aspleniaceae)". Cladistics 36 (1): 22–71. doi:10.1111/cla.12384. PMID 34618950. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cla.12384.
External links
- Flora of North America: Asplenium viride
- Asplenium viride Green Spleenwort, Wild Flowers of the British Isles
- Asplenium viride , Skye Flora
- Asplenium viride, Flora of Northern Ireland
Wikidata ☰ Q1552374 entry
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