Biology:Beaucarnea

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Beaucarnea is a genus of flowering plants native to Mexico and Central America.[1] In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Convallarioideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae[2]). Beaucarnea is sometimes treated as a synonym of the genus Nolina, with the species being then transferred to that genus. However, recent research shows that Beaucarnea should be treated as an independent genus.[3]

The species are small tropical xerophytic trees growing to 6–10 m tall, with a trunk 20–40 cm diameter with a flared base; young plants are single-stemmed, branching only after flowering. The leaves are evergreen, linear, strap-shaped, 0.5-1.8 m long and 1.5–2 cm broad, leathery in texture, with a finely serrated margin. The flowers are produced only on old trees, forming on large panicles 75–110 cm long, the individual flowers numerous but very small (1.5 mm diameter), greenish-white, with six tepals.

Calibanus

The now defunct genus Calibanus was first formally described in 1906 by Joseph Nelson Rose,[4] with Calibanus including two species. More recent research using molecular (phylogenetic) and morphological findings demonstrated that both former Calibanus species were closely related to Beaucarnea species, leading to both former Calibanus species being transferred to the genus Beaucarnea.[5][6]

The affected species are:

Species

Plants of the World Online accepts the following species:[1]

Image Scientific name Distribution
Beaucarnea compacta L.Hern. & Zamudio Guanajuato
Beaucarnea glassiana (L.Hern. & Zamudio) V.Rojas-Piña Guanajuato
120px Beaucarnea goldmanii Rose Chiapas, Guatemala, El Salvador
120px Beaucarnea gracilis Lem. Puebla, Oaxaca
120px Beaucarnea guatemalensis Rose Guatemala, Nicaragua
120px Beaucarnea hiriartiae L.Hern. Guerrero
120px Beaucarnea hookeri (Lem.) Baker San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo
Beaucarnea olsonii V. Rojas & L.O. Alvarado[7] Puebla, Oaxaca
120px Beaucarnea pliabilis (Baker) Rose Campeche, Quintana Roo, Yucatán, Guatemala, Belize
Beaucarnea purpusii Rose Puebla, Oaxaca
120px Beaucarnea recurvata (K. Koch & Fintelm.) Lem. Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Veracruz
Beaucarnea sanctomariana L.Hern. Oaxaca
120px Beaucarnea stricta (K.Koch & Fintelm.) Lem. Oaxaca
Beaucarnea stricta trunk

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named POWO
  2. ↑ Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L.; Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 132–136, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x 
  3. ↑ Rojas-Piña, Vanessa; Olson, Mark E.; Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O.; Eguiarte, Luis E. (2014-12-22). "Molecular phylogenetics and morphology of Beaucarnea (Ruscaceae) as distinct from Nolina, and the submersion of Calibanus into Beaucarnea". Taxon 63 (6): 1193–1211. doi:10.12705/636.31. 
  4. ↑ "Calibanus Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 90 (1906)". https://www.ipni.org/n/24087-1. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Rojas-Piña, Vanessa; Olson, Mark E.; Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O.; Eguiarte, Luis E. (December 2014). "Molecular phylogenetics and morphology of Beaucarnea (Ruscaceae) as distinct from Nolina, and the submersion of Calibanus into Beaucarnea" (in en). Taxon 63 (6): 1193–1211. doi:10.12705/636.31. ISSN 0040-0262. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.12705/636.31. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Calibanus Rose | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science" (in en). https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297730-2. 
  7. ↑ Rojas-Piña, Vanessa; Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O. (2016-11-25). "Beaucarnea olsonii (Ruscaceae), a new species of ponytail palm from southwestern Puebla, Mexico" (in en). Phytotaxa 286 (1): 13. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.286.1.2. ISSN 1179-3163. https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.286.1.2. 

Wikidata ☰ Q134956 entry



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