Biology:Berberidopsis beckleri
| Berberidopsis beckleri | |
|---|---|
| |
| Dorrigo National Park, Australia | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Berberidopsidales |
| Family: | Berberidopsidaceae |
| Genus: | Berberidopsis |
| Species: | B. beckleri
|
| Binomial name | |
| Berberidopsis beckleri (F.Muell.) Veldkamp
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Berberidopsis beckleri is a species of climbing plant found in cool rainforests in eastern Australia.[2][3] Its common name is the montane tape vine. Ferdinand von Mueller described the plant as Streptothamnus beckleri[2][4] from collections at the Clarence River.
Description
The Berberidopsis beckleri belongs to one of the three species of the family Berberidopsidaceae.[3][4] The family Berberidopsidaceae belongs with the monotypic Aextoxicaceae to the order Berberidopsidales.[3][4] This plant, is unusual for the core eudicots because they have been placed in the same order to the divergence of Asterids, Caryophyllales, and Santalales.[5]
Was originally described as Streptothamnus beckleri by Von Mueller, in 1862. However, in 1984 Veldkamp moved the species to Berberidopsis on the basis of strong similarities in seed anatomy, pollen and wood, which are clearly different in Streptothamnus moorei.[4][6]
Morphology
Berberidopsis beckleri is a vine growing. New shoots are produced every year which contribute to the developing of flowers in the axils of leaves before it turns vegetative and producing twining stems.
Flowers
The flowers of Berberidopsis have a spiral phyllotaxis.[7] They don't have a clear way to distinguish the bracts, sepals and petals. The flowers appear separate from anything else and dependent on long pedicels in the axil of an ovate leaf.[2][4] They contain a progressive loss of red pigmentation from the outside towards the inner perianth parts.
Flowers display a spirally arranged perianth,[7] which increase in size from the bracts to the inner tepals.[8]
Petals
The petals are the number of perianth parts including bracts that varies between 13 and 16. They have a truncate apex.
Inner petaloid tepals
The inner petaloid tepals are larger in size than the outer tepal. This tepal creates an urceolate structure which enclose the sexual organs from the plants.
Stamens
The stamens are arranged in a single sequence with filaments which supports the anther. Stamen number varies between 11 and 13.[2][4] Stamens are surrounded by a crenelated disc nectary.
Ovary
The ovary is the female organ, contains ovule which develops into seeds. Ovary is elliptical, with a massive style and green stigma lobes.
Leaves
The leaves are simple, ovate to broad–ovate, alternate, palmately veined.[2][9] They are usually 3 cm to 6 cm long.[2] Leaves are soft and thin, with a hairy look-like structure in the midvein and lowest veins.[2]
Fruits
The fruits develop into berries surrounded by a persistent disc of style and stigma.[2][8] Their colour is red to black.[2] They usually produce between 100 and 200 seeds.[2]
Distribution
Berberidopsis beckleri is found in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia.[2][9] With the Australian monotypic genus Streptothamnus, Berberidopsis makes up the family Berberidopsidaceae.[10]
Habitat
This kind of plants grow and distribute in cooler rainforests[9] such as, the north from the Barrington Tops area.[2]
Occurrence
Berbetidopsis beckleri were found for the very first time in three natural parks:[citation needed]
- Australian National Botanic Gardens, Canberra
- Dorrigo National Park
- Junuy Juluum National Park
References
- ↑ "Berberidopsis beckleri". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?taxon_id=60573.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 Harden, G. J. (1990). "Berberidopsis beckleri". National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Garden. http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Berberidopsis~beckleri.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Berberidopsis beckleri". Department of Environment and Heritage Protection. https://wetlandinfo.ehp.qld.gov.au/wetlands/ecology/components/species/?berberidopsis-beckleri.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Ronse De Craene, Louis P. (2017-03-01). "Floral development of Berberidopsis beckleri – can an additional species of the Berberidopsidaceae add evidence to floral evolution in the core eudicots?". Annals of Botany 119 (4): 599–610. doi:10.1093/aob/mcw241. ISSN 0305-7364. PMID 28065922. PMC 5604600. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw241.
- ↑ The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group; Chase, M. W.; Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Fay, M. F.; Byng, J. W.; Judd, W. S.; Soltis, D. E.; Mabberley, D. J. et al. (2016-05-01). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385. ISSN 0024-4074.
- ↑ Veldkamp, J. F. (1984). "Berberidopsis (Flacourtuaceae) in Australia". Blumea 30 (1): 21–29.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Doyle, James A. (2017), "Phylogenetic Analyses and Morphological Innovations in Land Plants" (in en), Annual Plant Reviews online (American Cancer Society): pp. 1–50, doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0486, ISBN 978-1-119-31299-4, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119312994.apr0486, retrieved 2021-07-13
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 van Heel, W. A. (1984-01-01). "Flowers and fruits in Flacourtiaceae. V. The seed anatomy and pollen morphology of Berberidopsis and Streptothamnus" (in en). Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants 30 (1): 31–37. ISSN 2212-1676. https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/525061. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Kubitzki, K. (2007), Kubitzki, Klaus, ed., "Berberidopsidaceae" (in en), Flowering Plants · Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabales p.p., Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae, The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer): pp. 33–35, doi:10.1007/978-3-540-32219-1_7, ISBN 978-3-540-32219-1, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32219-1_7, retrieved 2021-07-13
- ↑ Carlquist, Sherwin (2003). "Wood Anatomy of Aextoxicaceae and Berberidopsidaceae Is Compatible with Their Inclusion in Berberidopsidales". Systematic Botany 28 (2): 317–325. ISSN 0363-6445. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3094000.
Wikidata ☰ Q17235489 entry
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