Biology:Brochis

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Brochis is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Callichthyidae, the armoured catfishes, and the subfamily Corydoradinae, the corys. Before the recent resurrection of the genus, these species were grouped in the genus Corydoras. The catfishes in this genus are found in South America.

Taxonomy

Brochis was erected by Edward Drinker Cope on 1871. Before 2024, it was in a limbo and considered defunct by most scientific authorities,[1] being considered as a junior synonym or subgenus of Corydoras.[2] It was formally resurrected and revalidated in a phylogenomic analysis carried out in 2024.[3] B. difluviatilis is recognized as the basalmost species of Corydoradini, exhibiting several plesiomorphic features compared to the other species of Corydoras.[2][4]

Etymology

The generic name, Brochis, is derived from the Greek βρόχος meaning "loop", referring to the diagnostic arrangement of the barbels around the mouth.[5]

Morphology

Despite being considered defunct, there are several morphological features that validate the usage of Brochis as a genus. These include a noticeably larger body, a more lyre-like tail, and, most decisively, the extended dorsal fins that have more rays than those of Corydoras.[6] Corydoras have 7-10 rays on their dorsal fins, while Brochis have 10–18.[7] Brochis are very large for their family, as several species can breach 8 centimetres (3.1 in) in length. Brochis splendens is the largest, attaining a maximum size of 9.9 centimetres (3.9 in) and 40 g (1.4 oz).[8]

Species

As of August 2025, there are 43 extant species in this genus (as recognized by Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes):[9]

  • Brochis agassizii (Steindachner, 1876) (Agassiz's or Spotted corydoras)
  • Brochis amandajanea (Sands, 1995) (Amanda Jane's cory)
  • Brochis ambiacus (Cope, 1872) (Spotted corydoras)
  • Brochis approuaguensis (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983) (Zebratail cory)
  • Brochis arcuata (Elwin, 1938) (Skunk corydoras)
  • Brochis bethanae (Bentley, S. Grant & Tencatt, 2021)
  • Brochis bifasciata (Nijssen, 1972) (Two-stripe corydoras)
  • Brochis britskii Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983 (Britski's catfish)
  • Brochis brittoi (Tencatt & Ohara, 2016)[10]
  • Brochis condiscipulus (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1980) (Schoolmate cory)
  • Brochis costai (Ottoni, Barbosa & Katz, 2016)[11]
  • Brochis crimmeni (S. Grant, 1997) (Blackwater cory)
  • Brochis cryptica Sands, 1995) (Yellow head cory)
  • Brochis delphax (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983) (False blochi catfish)
  • Brochis deweyeri (Meinken, 1957)
  • Brochis difluviatilis (Britto & R. M. C. Castro, 2002)
  • Brochis ephippifera (Nijssen, 1972) (Saddle corydoras)
  • Brochis garbei (R. Ihering, 1911) (Bahia cory)
  • Brochis geryi (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983) (Bolivian cory)
  • Brochis gomezi (D. M. Castro, 1986) (Leticia cory)
  • Brochis haraldschultzi (Knaack, 1962) (Mosaic corydoras)
  • Brochis heteromorpha (Nijssen, 1970) (White cory)
  • Brochis imitator (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1983) (Imitator cory)
  • Brochis incolicana (W. E. Burgess, 1993) (Icana cory)
  • Brochis isbrueckeri (Knaack, 2004) (Brazil longnose cory)
  • Brochis lamberti (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1986) (Lambert's cory)
  • Brochis leopardus (G. S. Myers, 1933) (Leopard corydoras)
  • Brochis multiradiata (Orcés-V. (es), 1960)[12] (Hognosed brochis)
  • Brochis noelkempffi (Knaack, 2004) (Meander cory)
  • Brochis ornata (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1976) (Ornate cory)
  • Brochis orphnopterus (S. H. Weitzman & Nijssen, 1970)
  • Brochis pantanalensis (Knaack, 2001) (Pantanal cory)
  • Brochis pinheiroi (Dinkelmeyer, 1995) (Mario's cory)
  • Brochis pulchra (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1973) (Pretty corydoras)
  • Brochis reticulata (Fraser-Brunner, 1938) (Reticulated corydoras)
  • Brochis robineae (W. E. Burgess, 1983) (Banner-tail corydoras)
  • Brochis robusta (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1980) (Robust cory)
  • Brochis seussi (Dinkelmeyer, 1996)
  • Brochis sodalis (Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1986) (False network catfish)
  • Brochis spectabilis (Knaack, 1999) (Millennium cory)
  • Brochis splendens (Castelnau, 1855) (Emerald catfish)
  • Brochis sychri (S. H. Weitzman, 1960) (Sychr's catfish)
  • Brochis virginiae (W. E. Burgess, 1993) (Miguelito corydoras)

References

  1. ↑ "Brochis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=164329. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Marcelo Ribeiro de Britto (January 2009). "Phylogeny of the subfamily Corydoradinae Hoedeman, 1952 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae), with a definition of its genera". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 153: 119–154. doi:10.1635/0097-3157(2003)153[0119:POTSCH2.0.CO;2]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232696282. 
  3. ↑ Angelica C Dias; Luiz F C Tencatt; Fabio F Roxo; Gabriel de Souza da Costa Silva; Sérgio A Santos; Marcelo R Britto; Martin I Taylor; Claudio Oliveira (March 2025). "Phylogenomic analyses in the complex Neotropical subfamily Corydoradinae (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) with a new classification based on morphological and molecular data". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (3). doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae053. 
  4. ↑ Britto M.R.; Castro R.M.C. (2002). "New Corydoradine Catfish (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the Upper Paraná and São Francisco: The Sister Group of Brochis and Most of Corydoras Species". Copeia 2002 (4): 1006–1015. doi:10.1643/0045-8511(2002)002[1006:nccscf2.0.co;2]. 
  5. ↑ Christopher Scharpf (18 October 2025). "Family CALLICHTHYIDAE Bonaparte 1835 (Armored Catfishes)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. https://etyfish.org/callichthyidae/. 
  6. ↑ "Brochis splendens". tfhmagazine. https://www.tfhmagazine.com/articles/freshwater/brochis-splendens. 
  7. ↑ "Brochis britskii and Brochis cf. splendens CW 35". Rodgau, Germany. 25 March 2011. https://www.aquariumglaser.de/en/fish-archives/brochis_britskii_and_brochis_cf_splendens_cw_35_en/. 
  8. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). "Corydoras splendens" in FishBase. April 2006 version.
  9. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Species in the genus Brochis". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=species&genus=Brochis. 
  10. ↑ Tencatt, Luiz Fernando Caserta; Ohara, Willian Massaharu (30 March 2016). "Two new species of Corydoras Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Madeira basin, Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology 14 (1). doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20150063. ISSN 1982-0224. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299522170. Retrieved 23 April 2024. 
  11. ↑ Ottoni, Felipe Polivanov; Barbosa, Maria A.; Katz, Axel M. (September 2016). "A new Corydoras from floodplain swamps of the São Francisco river basin, northeastern Brazil". Spixiana 39 (1): 131–140. ISSN 0341-8391. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309401666. Retrieved 23 April 2024. 
  12. ↑ Tencatt, L.F.C.; Britto, M.R. (2016). "A new Corydoras Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Araguaia basin, Brazil, with comments about Corydoras araguaiaensis Sands, 1990". Neotropical Ichthyology 14 (1). doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20150062. 

Wikidata ☰ Q287584 entry



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