Biology:CACTIN
 Generic protein structure example |
Cactin also known as renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-24 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACTIN gene.[1][2][3]
Cactin was originally identified in Drosophila (fruit flies). The cactin gene is product is involved in the regulation of the innate immune system. It acts as negative regulator of the toll-like receptor, Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) and the canonical NF-kappa-B signaling pathways.[5]
Structure
The full-length cactin protein length is 3,150 bp long and with an N-terminus from 356–547 residues and a domain in the C-terminal 731–855 residues.[6]
Species and tissue distributhion
This protein resides in many organs and tissues of all vertebrates, however, it has also been found in plants, protist, and fungi. The location that is highest in concentration of cactin gene is in the testis of males and in the spleen. The cactin gene in this specific area like the testis, enables RNA binding activity. This protein was also found to be involved in other process like cellular response from cytokines and negative signal transduction (negative feed back loops).[7]
In plants
In plants, the cactcin is associated with SR proteins localized in nuclear speckles.[8] Plant and human cells share the same spliceosomal proteins, which involved the removal of introns in order to form mature messenger RNA.
References
- ↑ "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry 236 (1): 107–113. April 1996. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
- ↑ "Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing". Genome Research 7 (4): 353–358. April 1997. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.353. PMID 9110174.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: C19orf29 chromosome 19 open reading frame 29". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=58509.
- ↑ "TmCactin plays an important role in Gram-negative and -positive bacterial infection by regulating expression of 7 AMP genes in Tenebrio molitor". Scientific Reports 7 (1): 46459. April 2017. doi:10.1038/srep46459. PMID 28418029. Bibcode: 2017NatSR...746459J.
- ↑ "CACTIN Gene - GeneCards | CATIN Protein | CATIN Antibody". https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CACTIN.
- ↑ "Molecular characterization and functional analysis of Cactin gene from Litopenaeus vannamei". Fish & Shellfish Immunology 41 (2): 608–617. December 2014. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2014.10.014. PMID 25462455.
- ↑ "CACTIN cactin, spliceosome C complex subunit [Homo sapiens (human) - Gene - NCBI"]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/58509#gene-expression.
- ↑ "CACTIN is an essential nuclear protein in Arabidopsis and may be associated with the eukaryotic spliceosome". FEBS Letters 587 (7): 873–879. April 2013. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2013.02.041. PMID 23454656.
Further reading
- "Antigens recognized by autologous antibody in patients with renal-cell carcinoma". International Journal of Cancer 83 (4): 456–464. November 1999. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19991112)83:4<456::AID-IJC4>3.0.CO;2-5. PMID 10508479.
- "Purification and characterization of native spliceosomes suitable for three-dimensional structural analysis". RNA 8 (4): 426–439. April 2002. doi:10.1017/S1355838202021088. PMID 11991638.
- "Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region". Genomics 83 (1): 153–167. January 2004. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0. PMID 14667819.
- "Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation". Nature Biotechnology 22 (6): 707–716. June 2004. doi:10.1038/nbt971. PMID 15146197.
- "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 (33): 12130–12135. August 2004. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMID 15302935. Bibcode: 2004PNAS..10112130B.
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