Biology:Caerostris
| Caerostris | |
|---|---|
| |
| Common bark spider (Caerostris sexcuspidata) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Araneidae |
| Genus: | Caerostris Thorell, 1868[1] |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Trichocharis Simon, 1895[2] | |
Caerostris, sometimes called bark spiders,[3] is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1868.[4] Most species are found in south eastern Africa and neighboring Madagascar .[1]
Taxonomy
The genus Caerostris was erected in 1868 by Tamerlan Thorell with the type species being Epeira mitralis Vinson, 1863, which Thorell transferred to Caerostris mitralis.[1][4] Up to 2009, only 11 species had been described. A further species, C. darwini, was described in 2010,[5] and six more species in 2015.[3][1] Two of the "species", C. sexcuspidata and C. sumatrana, will probably need to be divided further to produce genetically uniform species.[3]
A molecular phylogenetic study of 12 of the species of Caerostris produced the phylogenetic tree shown below, showing that the African and Madagascan species form a monophyletic group.[3]
|
African and Madagascan species |
Species
(As of April 2019) it contains eighteen species:[1]
- Caerostris almae Gregorič, 2015 – Madagascar
- Caerostris bojani Gregorič, 2015 – Madagascar
- Caerostris corticosa Pocock, 1902 – South Africa
- Caerostris cowani Butler, 1882 – Madagascar
- Caerostris darwini Kuntner & Agnarsson, 2010 – Madagascar
- Caerostris ecclesiigera Butler, 1882 – Madagascar
- Caerostris extrusa Butler, 1882 – Madagascar
- Caerostris hirsuta (Simon, 1895) – Madagascar
- Caerostris indica Strand, 1915 – Myanmar
- Caerostris linnaeus Gregorič, 2015 – Mozambique
- Caerostris mayottensis Grasshoff, 1984 – Comoros, Mayotte
- Caerostris mitralis (Vinson, 1863) – Central Africa, Madagascar
- Caerostris pero Gregorič, 2015 – Madagascar
- Caerostris sexcuspidata (Fabricius, 1793) – Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, Seychelles (Aldabra)
- Caerostris sumatrana Strand, 1915 – India to China, Borneo
- Caerostris tinamaze Gregorič, 2015 – South Africa
- Caerostris vicina (Blackwall, 1866) – Central, Southern Africa
- Caerostris wallacei Gregorič, Blackledge, Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2015 – Madagascar
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Gen. Caerostris Thorell, 1868". Natural History Museum Bern. http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/289. Retrieved 2019-05-12.
- ↑ Grasshoff, M. (1984). "Die Radnetzspinnen-Gattung Caerostris (Arachnida: Araneae)". Revue Zoologique Africaine 98 (4): 725–765. NAID 10022018721. OCLC 717108186.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Gregorič, Matjaž; Blackledge, Todd A.; Agnarsson, Ingi; Kuntner, Matjaž (2015). "A molecular phylogeny of bark spiders reveals new species from Africa and Madagascar (Araneae: Araneidae: Caerostris)". Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 293–312. doi:10.1636/0161-8202-43.3.293.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Thorell, T. (1868), "Araneae. Species novae minusve cognitae", in Virgin, C.A. (in Latin), Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies Resa omkring Jorden, Uppsala, pp. 1–34
- ↑ Kuntner, Matjaž; Agnarsson, Ingi (2010). "Web gigantism in Darwin's bark spider, a new species from Madagascar (Araneidae: Caerostris)". The Journal of Arachnology 38 (2): 346–356. doi:10.1636/B09-113.1. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/229227.
Wikidata ☰ Q2932847 entry
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