Biology:Calycanthus occidentalis
| Calycanthus occidentalis | |
|---|---|
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_JCB.jpg)
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| The flowers do not have distinct sepals and petals. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Laurales |
| Family: | Calycanthaceae |
| Genus: | Calycanthus |
| Species: | C. occidentalis
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| Binomial name | |
| Calycanthus occidentalis Hook. & Arn.[2]
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Calycanthus occidentalis, commonly called spice bush or western sweetshrub,[3] is a species of flowering shrub in the family Calycanthaceae that is native to California and, according to some sources, Washington (state) . It grows along streams and moist canyons in the foothills of mountains.
Description
Calycanthus occidentalis is a deciduous shrub that can reach a height of 4 m (13 ft). Its leaves are opposite, and grow to about 5–15 cm (2–6 in) long and 2–8 cm (0.8–3.1 in) wide. They are more-or-less ovate with acute tips, a rounded base. The flowers appear from late spring to early fall. The flowers do not have distinctive sepals and petals, but have swirls of dark red to burgundy colored petal-like structures called tepals, 2–6 cm (0.8–2.4 in) long and 0.5–1 cm (0.2–0.4 in) wide. The flowers open to about 5 cm (2 in) wide. The tepals enclose about 10–15 stamens.[4][5] The flowers are pollinated by beetles of the family Nitidulidae.[6]
Distribution and habitat
Calycanthus occidentalis is native to California and, according to some sources, Washington (state) .[2][3][4] It grows along streams and on moist canyon slopes at elevations of 200–1,600 m (700–5,200 ft).[4]
References
- ↑ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.136958.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Calycanthus occidentalis Hook. & Arn.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:139230-1.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Calycanthus occidentalis". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CAOC5. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Johnson, George P.. "Calycanthus occidentalis". in Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Flora of North America (online). eFloras.org. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500303. Retrieved 2021-03-18.
- ↑ Johnson, George P.; Fosiée, Tahbaz. "Calycanthus occidentalis Sweet-shrub, Spicebush". The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley. https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=16812.
- ↑ Gottsberger, Gerhard; Gottsberger, Brigitte; Silberbauer-Gottsberger, Ilse; Stanojlovic, Vesna; Cabrele, Chiara; Dötterl, Stefan (2021), "Imitation of fermenting fruits in beetle-pollinated Calycanthus occidentalis (Calycanthaceae)", Flora 274: 151732, doi:10.1016/j.flora.2020.151732
Wikidata ☰ Q10786205 entry
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