Biology:Caryota
Caryota is a genus of palm trees. They are often known as fishtail palms because of the shape of their leaves.
As of September 2025, the genus comprises 14 accepted species, with a native distribution ranging from the Indian subcontinent and southern China, extending in a south-east direction to Queensland, Australia and Vanuatu.[1]
One of the more widely known species is Caryota urens, the flowers of which are used to make one type of jaggery (an unrefined sugar), and also to make palm wine. Caryota mitis is native to Indochina, but has become an invasive introduced species in the US state of Florida. They are also one of the few Arecaceae with bipinnate foliage. Many grow in mountainous areas and are adapted to warm mediterranean climates as well as subtropical and tropical climates.[2]
Fishtail palms contain raphides.
Species
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Caryota albertii F.Muell. ex H.Wendl. | Queensland | |
| Caryota angustifolia Zumaidar & Jeanson | Sulawesi | |
| 120px | Caryota cumingii Lodd. ex Mart. | Philippines fishtail palm - Philippines |
| Caryota elegans Schaedtler | ||
| Caryota kiriwongensis Hodel | Thailand | |
| 120px | Caryota maxima Blume | Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Bhutan, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Java, Sumatra, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam |
| 120px | Caryota mitis Lour. | Burmese fishtail palm - Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam |
| Caryota monostachya Becc. | Vietnam, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan | |
| 120px | Caryota no Becc. | Borneo |
| 120px | Caryota obtusa Griff. | Thailand mountain palm - Bhutan, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand |
| Caryota ophiopellis Dowe | Vanuatu | |
| 120px | Caryota rumphiana Mart. | Albert palm - Philippines, Sulawesi, Maluku, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Bismarck Archipelago |
| Caryota sympetala Gagnep. | Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia | |
| 120px | Caryota urens L. | Southern India, Sri Lanka; naturalized in Assam, Bangladesh, Bonin Islands, Southern China, Nepal, Myanmar, Andaman Islands, Malaysia, Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico - jaggery palm, solitary fishtail palm, wine palm, toddy palm |
| Caryota zebrina Hambali & al. | New Guinea |
Gallery
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Fishtail palm at Bhopal -
Fishtail palm at Bhopal -
Fishtail palm flower in detail. -
Fishtail palm at Chandigarh -
Fishtail palm - close up -
Leaves of fishtail palm tree -
Fishtail palm - detail
References
- ↑ "Caryota L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science" (in en). https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:31147-1.
- ↑ Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
External links
Template:Arecaceae genera Wikidata ☰ Q513475 entry
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