Biology:Chapman's antshrike
| Chapman's antshrike | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thamnophilidae |
| Genus: | Thamnophilus |
| Species: | T. zarumae
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| Binomial name | |
| Thamnophilus zarumae Chapman, 1921
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Chapman's antshrike (Thamnophilus zarumae) is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.
Diet and foraging behavior
Chapman's antshrikes are insectivorous and their diet consists of caterpillars (larval Lepidoptera) and berries from the Meliaceae tree.
Forages from low near the ground up to 15 m above the ground inside a forest. Forages in typical antshrike fashion: moves through foliage with a series of short hops, pausing between moves to scan surrounding vegetation for prey. Gleans prey from leaves, stems, vines and branches. One pair repeatedly probed small epiphytic bromeliads.
Song
The song lacks the characteristic terminal "bark" of the song of the barred antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus. The song consists of three elements: it begins with an accelerating series of 12–14 nasal notes, followed by three higher pitched, broad amplitude notes and then ending in a short rattle or trill.[2] Calls include an "abrupt 'chup' " [3] and "a high, descending, mewing whistle: 'peew' " [4]
Conservation status
Chapman's antshrike has a very restricted geographic distribution. Nonetheless, its conservation status is rated by BirdLife International as Least Concern. On the other hand,[5] considered its conservation priority to be High.
Effects of human activity on populations
A considerable amount of suitable habitat has been lost to agriculture,[6] especially within the Ecuador portion of its range.[2] The Chapman's Antshrike occurs in the Reserva Nacional Tumbes in Peru, which protects a significant amount of habitat for this species.
References
- ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Thamnophilus zarumae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22701280A93821725. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22701280A93821725.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22701280/93821725. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 8: Broadbills to Tapaculos. Edited by Josep del Hoyo, Andrew Elliott, and , David Christie. Barcelona (Spain): Lynx Edicions. $195.00. 845 p; ill.; index. 2003.". The Quarterly Review of Biology 79 (2): 213–213. June 2004. doi:10.1086/423085. ISBN 84-87334-50-4. ISSN 0033-5770. https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/213.
- ↑ "Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 8: Broadbills to Tapaculos. Edited by Josep del Hoyo, Andrew Elliott, and , David Christie. Barcelona (Spain): Lynx Edicions. $195.00. 845 p; ill.; index. 2003.". The Quarterly Review of Biology 79 (2): 213–213. June 2004. doi:10.1086/423085. ISBN 84-87334-50-4. ISSN 0033-5770. https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/213.
- ↑ Bleiweiss, Robert (June 2008). "Birds of Peru. Princeton Field Guides. By Thomas S. Schulenberg, Douglas F. Stotz, Daniel F. Lane, John P. O'Neill, and, Theodore A. ParkerIII; Foreword by, Antonio Brack Egg; principal illustrations by, Dale Dyer, Daniel F. Lane, Lawrence B. McQueen, John P. O'Neill, and, N. John Schmitt; additional color plates by, David Beadle, F. P. Bennett, Peter S. Burke, Hilary Burn, Diane Pierce, H. Douglas Pratt, Barry Van Dusen, and, Sophie Webb. Princeton (New Jersey): Princeton University Press. $49.50. 656 p.; ill.; index. 2007.". The Quarterly Review of Biology 83 (2): 228. doi:10.1086/590629. ISBN 978-0-691-04915-1. ISSN 0033-5770.
- ↑ Parker III, Theodore A.; Schulenberg, Thomas S.; Kessler, Michael; Wust, Walter H. (September 1995). "Natural history and conservation of the endemic avifauna in north-west Peru". Bird Conservation International 5 (2–3): 201–231. doi:10.1017/s0959270900001015. ISSN 0959-2709.
- ↑ "Thamnophilus zarumae: BirdLife International". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012-05-01. 2012-05-01. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2012-1.rlts.t22701280a39150313.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22701280/39150313. Retrieved 2019-08-07.
- "Chapman's Antshrike - Diet and Foraging". https://neotropical.birds.cornell.edu/Species-Account/nb/species/chaant1/foodhabits.
Wikidata ☰ Q1269768 entry
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