Biology:Chthonerpeton
Chthonerpeton is a genus of semiaquatic caecilian amphibians in the family Typhlonectidae. They occur in South America east of the Andes, with most species occurring along the Brazilian Atlantic coast.[1][2]
With ten currently recognized species, Chthonerpeton is the most speciose genus within Typhlonectidae.[3] Species are characterized by having several diagnostic traits, including small ovate external nares, tentacular apertures located at an intermediate position between the eye and naris, and unroofed tentacular grooves.[4][5]
Phylogenetically, Chthonerpeton is often recovered as the sister taxon to all other typhlonectids and retains plesiomorphic features, such as a subcylindrical body and the absence of fins.[6][7]
Species
Chthonerpeton contains the following species:[1]
- Chthonerpeton arii Cascon and Lima-Verde, 1994
- Chthonerpeton braestrupi Taylor, 1968
- Chthonerpeton exile Nussbaum and Wilkinson, 1987
- Chthonerpeton indistinctum (Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862)
- Chthonerpeton markwilkinsoni Santos, Pineschi, and Zaher, 2025
- Chthonerpeton noctinectes Silva, Britto-Pereira, and Caramaschi, 2003
- Chthonerpeton onorei Nussbaum, 1986
- Chthonerpeton perissodus Nussbaum and Wilkinson, 1987
- Chthonerpeton tremembe Maciel, Leite, Silva-Leite, Leite, and Cascon, 2015
- Chthonerpeton viviparum Parker and Wettstein, 1929
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Chthonerpeton Peters, 1880". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Gymnophiona/Typhlonectidae/Chthonerpeton. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
- ↑ Vitt, L. J.; Caldwell, J. P. (25 March 2013). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles. Academic Press. pp. 453–454. ISBN 978-0-12-386920-3. OCLC 898295183. https://books.google.com/books?id=Gay9N_ry79kC&pg=PA453.
- ↑ Santos, R.O.; Pineschi, R.B.; Zaher, H. (2025). A new species of Chthonerpeton (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Typhlonectidae) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Zootaxa 5728(3): 561–570. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5728.3.6
- ↑ Wilkinson, M. & Nussbaum, R.A. (2006). Caecilian phylogeny and classification. In: Exbrayat, J.-M. (ed.), Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Gymnophiona: Caecilians. CRC Press, pp. 39–78.
- ↑ Wilkinson, M.; San Mauro, D.; Sherratt, E.; Gower, D.J. (2011). A nine-family classification of caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona). Zootaxa 2874: 41–64.
- ↑ Wilkinson, M.; Nussbaum, R.A. (1999). "Evolutionary relationships of the caecilian family Typhlonectidae (Amphibia: Gymnophiona)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 126: 191–223.
- ↑ Maciel, A.O.; Sampaio, M.I.; Hoogmoed, M.S.; Schneider, H. (2017). Phylogenetic relationships of the largest lungless tetrapod (Gymnophiona, Atretochoana) and the evolution of lunglessness in caecilians. Zoologica Scripta 46(3): 255–263.
Template:Lissamphibia Wikidata ☰ Q2669244 entry
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