Biology:Chuniophoeniceae
| Chuniophoeniceae | |
|---|---|
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| Chuniophoenix nana in cultivation at Garfield Park Conservatory | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Arecales |
| Family: | Arecaceae |
| Subfamily: | Coryphoideae |
| Tribe: | Chuniophoeniceae J.Dransf., N.W.Uhl, C. Asmussen, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis |
| Type genus | |
| Chuniophoenix Burret
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| Genera | |
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Chuniophoenix Burret | |
Chuniophoeniceae is a tribe of palms in subfamily Coryphoideae of plant family Arecaceae.[1][2] The four genera within the tribe are morphologically dissimilar and do not have overlapping distributions. Three of the genera are monotypic, while the fourth genus (Chuniophoenix) has three species.[3][4]
Description
Outwardly, the palms in the four genera of Chuniophoeniceae appear quite different. Chuniophoenix are small palms from the forest understory with clustered stems; Kerriodoxa is a squat, single-stemmed rainforest palm; Nannorrhops is a sprawling desert palm with branching stems; and Tahina is a massive solitary palm from exposed limestone outcrops.[3][5][4][6] They differ significantly in their flowering strategies, too. Chuniophoenix species flower regularly throughout their lives (pleonanthic) and produce hermaphroditic flowers (rarely single gender); Kerriodoxa are also pleonanthic, but are always dioecious; Nannorrhops stems die after flowering (hapaxanthic), though the much-branched plant survives; Tahina produces a massive terminal inflorescence and dies after fruiting. All Chuniophoeniceae have palmate leaves with induplicate folds and tubular bracts partially enclosing the flowers.[3][4][5][6]
Taxonomy
Chuniophoeniceae is one of eight tribes in subfamily Coryphoideae.[7] The tribe is monophyletic and closely related to tribes Caryoteae, Corypheae and Borasseae, forming the syncarpous clade.[3][7][6][8] In a previous classification, prior to the discovery of Tahina, the three other genera were placed in tribe Corypheae, subtribe Coryphinae, together with the genus Corypha.[9] Coincidentally, Corypha and Tahina both share the strategy of producing a massive display of flowers only once before dying.[6]
The four genera have widely disjunct distributions. Chuniophoenix (3 spp.) is found in southern China and Vietnam; Kerriodoxa (1 sp., K. elegans) is restricted to peninsular Thailand; Nannorrhops (1 sp., N. ritchiana) is found in parts of Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and the southeastern Arabian Peninsula; while Tahina (1 sp., T. spectabilis) is endemic to a small area of northwestern Madagascar .[3]
Genera
| Image | Genus | Living Species |
|---|---|---|
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Chuniophoenix Burret, 1937 |
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Kerriodoxa J.Dransf., 1983 |
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Nannorrhops H.Wendl., 1879 |
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Tahina J.Dransf. & Rakotoarinivo, 2008 |
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Gallery
Foliage of Chuniophoenix nana
Distinctive white undersides to the leaves of Kerriodoxa elegans
Fruits of Kerriodoxa elegans
Silvery-blue foliage of Nannorrhops ritchiana
Seedlings of Tahina spectabilis in cultivation
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References
- ↑ Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics" (in en). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 182 (2): 207–233. doi:10.1111/boj.12401.
- ↑ Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2008). Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2008). Genera Palmarum - The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 9781842461822.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Henderson, Andrew (2015-07-01). "A revision of Chuniophoenix (Arecaceae)" (in en). Phytotaxa 218 (2): 163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.218.2.6. ISSN 1179-3163.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Dransfield, John (1983). "Kerriodoxa, a new coryphoid palm genus from Thailand.". Principes 27: 3–11.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Dransfield, John; Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro; Baker, William J.; Bayton, Ross P.; Fisher, Jack B.; Horn, James W.; Leroy, Bruno; Metz, Xavier (2008). "A new Coryphoid palm genus from Madagascar" (in en). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (1): 79–91. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00742.x. ISSN 0024-4074.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Dransfield, John (2005). "A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family, Arecaceae.". Kew Bulletin 60: 559–569. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215898364.
- ↑ Bayton, Ross P. (2005). Borassus L. and the borassoid palms: systematics and evolution, PhD thesis. University of Reading.
- ↑ Uhl, Natalie W.; Dransfield, John (1987). Genera Palmarum: A Classification of Palms Based on the Work of Harold E. Moore, Jr.. L.H. Bailey Hortorium. ISBN 9780935868302.
Wikidata ☰ Q1089595 entry
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