Biology:Circulus (gastropod)

Short description: Genus of gastropods

Circulus
Shell of Circulus ryalli (paratype at MNHN, Paris)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Littorinimorpha
Superfamily:	Truncatelloidea
Family:	Vitrinellidae
Genus:	Circulus Jeffreys, 1865
Type species
Delphinula duminyi Requien, 1848
Synonyms
Circlotoma Laseron, 1958 Circulus (Circulus) Jeffreys, 1865 Cyclostrema (Lydiphnis) Melvill, 1906 junior subjective synonym (original combination) Elachorbis Iredale, 1915 Lydiphnis Melvill, 1906 junior subjective synonym Lydiphnis (Cymatopteryx) Pilsbry & Olssen, 1946 junior subjective synonym Lydiphnis (Mesopteryx) Pilsbry & Olssen, 1945 junior homonym (of Mesopteryx Saussure, 1870 (Orthoptera ) Pygmaeorota Kuroda & Habe, 1954 † Pygmaeorota (Lydiphnopsis) Shuto, 1969 junior subjective synonym Pygmaeorota (Pygmaeorota) Kuroda & Habe, 1954 Pygmaeorota (Soyorota) Habe, 1961 Pygmaerota Kuroda & Habe, 1952 (nude name) Soyorota Habe, 1961 Trochus (Circulus) Jeffreys, 1865 (original rank) Vitrinella (Lydiphnis) Melvill, 1906

Circulus is a genus of very small and minute sea snails with an operculum, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Vitrinellidae.

Species

According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), the following species with valid names are included within the genus Circulus

• Circulus abruptus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus acuteliratus (Thiele, 1925)
• Circulus adrianrubioi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus aequatorialis (Thiele, 1925)
• Circulus alcocerae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus andreae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus andreiasalvadorae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus angulatus (A. Adams, 1850)
• Circulus antoniae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus asperRubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus austerus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus australesensisRubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus aximicrostriatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus basislevis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus bicarinatus (Lamarck, 1804)
• Circulus binodular Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus biporcatus (A. Adams, 1863)
• † Circulus bonneti (Cossmann, 1907)
• Circulus boucheti Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus cachoi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus caledonicus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus carinamagna Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus carmensalasae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus catenatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus chefyae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus choshiensis (Habe, 1961)
• Circulus cinguliferus (A. Adams, 1850)
• Circulus colluvius Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus communis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus congoensis (Thiele, 1925)
• Circulus convexstriatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus convexus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus coronatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus cosmius Bartsch, 1907
• Circulus cuatricarinatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus cultrorum Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus cumtectum Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus cycloma (Barnard, 1964)
• Circulus davidruedai Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus decemcords Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus delectabilis (Tate, 1899)
• Circulus delicatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus depressus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus deprinsi Rolán & Swinnen, 2013
• Circulus diaphanus (Finlay, 1924)
• Circulus discordant Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus discretus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus dispersus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus duplicarinus (Marwick, 1929)
• Circulus duplicatus (Lischke, 1872)
• † Circulus edomitus (Marwick, 1931)
• Circulus ellenstrongae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus enaulus Lozouet, 1998
• † Circulus estotensis Lozouet, 1998
• Circulus euchilopteron (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
• Circulus excellent Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus exempli Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus extensus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus fijiensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus fininspicor Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus fundatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus gofasi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus gracilis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus grignonensis (Deshayes, 1864)
• Circulus gyalum (Melvill, 1904)
• Circulus harriettae (Petterd, 1884)
• Circulus harrietwoodae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus hasegawai Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus helicoides (Hutton, 1877)
• Circulus horroi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus inchoatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus inesae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus inornatus P. Marshall, 1919
• † Circulus intermedius (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus irregularis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus iustus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus juanmai Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus juantrigoi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus julioalvarezi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus laevis (Kiener, 1838)
• Circulus lenticularis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus letourneuxi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus liratus (A. E. Verrill, 1882)
• Circulus liricinctus (Garrett, 1873)
• Circulus loyaltiensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus luciae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus lucidus (Cossmann, 1881)
• Circulus luquei Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus madagascarensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus maestrati Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus marchei (Jousseaume, 1872)
• Circulus marcosi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus maricarmenae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus marquesasensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus mayottensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus megalomphalus (Cossmann, 1919)
• † Circulus michaudi (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus microbliquus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus microlines Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus micronodular Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus microradiatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus microsculpturatus Oliver & Rolán, 2011
• Circulus microspiralis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus microstriatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus microtuberculatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus minituber Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus minutispiralis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus mitis (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus modestus (Gould, 1859)
• Circulus monocoronatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus monteiroi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus mortoni Ponder, 1994
• Circulus mozambiquensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus multicordatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus multiradiatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus multistriatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus murilloi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus nimis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus nitidus (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus novemcarinatus (Melvill, 1906)
• Circulus novemlicium Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus obesus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus octoliratus (Carpenter, 1856)
• Circulus oliveri Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus operius Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus orbignyi (P. Fischer, 1857)
• Circulus ordinatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus osfloridum Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus osingens Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus osmagnum Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus pacomartinezi Rubio & Rolán, 2023
• Circulus pamilacanensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus papuaensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus parallelus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus parcus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus paucicordatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus paulensis Lozouet, 1998
• Circulus pellucidus (E. A. Smith, 1910)
• Circulus penasi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus pilartarazonae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus pinsensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus planatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus planorbillus (Dujardin, 1837)
• Circulus planorbis (Laseron, 1958)
• † Circulus planorbularis (Deshayes, 1832)
• Circulus pluripunctus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus plurispiralis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus politus Suter, 1917 (accepted > unreplaced junior homonym, secondary homonym of Circulus politus (Morlet, 1888))
• † Circulus politus (Morlet, 1888)
• Circulus protobrevis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus prototuber Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus proximus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus pseudocarinatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus pseudopraecedens Adam & Knudsen, 1969
• Circulus pudicus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus punctuslinealis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus quinoneroi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus quinquecarinatus (Melvill, 1906)
• † Circulus rangii (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus retroconvexus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus reunionensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus robustus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus rolanorum Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus rosapereirae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus rosenbergi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus rossellinus Dall, 1919
• Circulus rudis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus rugospiralis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus rusticulus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus rusticus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus ryalli Oliver & Rolán, 2011
• Circulus sandrogorii Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus scaber Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus sculptilis (Garrett, 1873)
• Circulus sculpturatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus semisculptus (Olsson & McGinty, 1958)
• † Circulus semistriatus (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus senegalensis Adam & Knudsen, 1969
• Circulus serratus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus sexangulae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus sigaretornuformis Lozouet, 1998
• † Circulus similis (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus similiter Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus simongrovei Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus simplex (Briart & Cornet, 1887)
• Circulus simpliciter Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus sixcarinatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus smithi Bush, 1897
• Circulus societyensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus solomonensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus soyoae (Habe, 1961)
• Circulus speciosus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus spiralis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus spirorbis (Lamarck, 1804)
• Circulus stephani Rolán & Ryall, 2002
• Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836)
• Circulus structus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus suavis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus subcirculus (Cossmann & Peyrot, 1917)
• † Circulus subedomitus (Laws, 1936)
• Circulus subradiatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus subsuturalis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus subtatei (Suter, 1907)
• Circulus sulcatus (A. Adams, 1850)
• Circulus supranitidus (Wood S., 1848)
• Circulus susomendezi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus suspensus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus suturcaten Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus taiwanensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus tatei (Angas, 1879)
• Circulus templadoi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus tenuiliratus (Cossmann, 1915)
• Circulus tenuiradiatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus tenuistriatus (Deshayes, 1862)
• Circulus teramachii (Habe, 1958)
• Circulus texanus (Moore, 1965)
• Circulus tongaensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus transculptus (Laseron, 1958)
• Circulus troncosoi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus tuberopertus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus umbilicordatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• † Circulus unicarinus (Laws, 1940)
• Circulus urgorrii Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus valdesculpturatus Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus vanuatuensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus venustus (Hedley, 1901)
• Circulus victormonzoi Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus villacampae Rubio & Rolán, 2022
• Circulus virginiae (Jousseaume, 1872)
• Circulus virginieherosae Rubio & Rolán, 2022

The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database also mentions the following species with names in current use :

• Circulus callusa (Laseron, 1958)
• Circulus pachyston (Verco, 1907)

Species brought into synonymy

• Circulus bailyi Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951: synonym of Cyclostremiscus bailyi (Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951)
• Circulus biporcata [sic]: synonym of Circulus biporcatus (A. Adams, 1863)
• Circulus carinulatus Locard, 1889: synonym of Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836)
• Circulus cerrosensis Bartsch, 1907 accepted as Cyclostremiscus cerrosensis (Bartsch, 1907)
• Circulus cingulatus Bartrum, 1919 † accepted as Pterolabrella cingulata (Bartrum, 1919) †
• Circulus costulatus Locard, 1889: synonym of Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836)
• Circulus cubanus Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933: synonym of Cyclostremiscus cubanus (Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933)
• Circulus dalli Bush, 1897: synonym of Cyclostremiscus dalli (Bush, 1897)
• Circulus delectabile (Tate, 1899) accepted as Circulus delectabilis (Tate, 1899) (unaccepted > incorrect grammatical agreement of specific epithet)
• Circulus diomedeae Bartsch, 1911 accepted as Cyclostremiscus diomedeae (Bartsch, 1911)
• Circulus formosissimus Brugnone, 1873: synonym of Skeneoides jeffreysii (Monterosato, 1872)
• Circulus hendersoni (Dall, 1927): synonym of Cyclostremiscus hendersoni (Dall, 1927)
• Circulus jeffreysii Monterosato, 1872: synonym of Skeneoides jeffreysii (Monterosato, 1872)
• Circulus madreensis F. Baker, Hanna & A. M. Strong, 1938 accepted as Cyclostremiscus madreensis (F. Baker, Hanna & A. M. Strong, 1938)
• Circulus margaritiformis (Dall, 1927): synonym of Cirsonella margaritiformis (Dall, 1927)
• Circulus modesta [sic]: synonym of Circulus modestus (Gould, 1859)
• Circulus nicholsoni A. M. Strong & Hertlein, 1939 accepted as Episcynia nicholsoni (A. M. Strong & Hertlein, 1939)
• Circulus perlatus Pelseneer, 1903 accepted as Orbitestella perlata (Pelseneer, 1903) (original combination)
• Circulus philippinensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022: synonym of Circulus pacomartinezi Rubio & Rolán, 2023 (junior homonym, invalid: secondary junior homonym of Circulus philippinensis (Shuto, 1969); C. pacomartinezi is a replacement name)
• Circulus sarsi (Bush, 1897) accepted as Orbitestella sarsi (Bush, 1897)
• Circulus stirophorus M. Smith, 1937: synonym of Cyclostremiscus beauii (P. Fischer, 1857)
• * Circulus taigai Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951 accepted as Cyclostremiscus taigai (Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951)
• Circulus tornata [sic]: synonym of Circulus tornatus'' (A. Adams, 1864)
• Circulus tornatus (A. Adams, 1864): synonym of Tuberes tornatus (A. Adams, 1864) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
• Circulus translucens (Dall, 1927): synonym of Xyloskenea translucens (Dall, 1927)
• Circulus tricarinatus (Wood S., 1848): synonym of accepted as Circulus striatus (Philippi, 1836)

References

• Kuroda T. & Habe T. 1952. Check list and bibliography of the Recent marine Mollusca of Japan. Leo W. Stach, Tokyo. 210 pp
• Habe, T. (1961). Descriptions of fifteen new species of Japanese shells. Venus. 21(4): 416-431.
• Oliver, J. & Rolan, E., 2011. The family Tornidae (Gsatropoda: Rissooidea) in the East Atlantic, 2. Circulinae. Iberus 29(1): 9-33
• Rubio, F. & Rolán, E. (2022). New species of Vitrinellidae (Gastropoda: Truncatelloidea) from the Indo-Pacific. The genus Circulus Jeffreys, 1865. Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Santiago de Compostela. 422 pp.
• Rubio F & Rolán E. , 2023. Circulus pacomartinezi nomen novum for Circulus philippinensis Rubio & Rolán, 2022, pag. 359. Iberus 41(1): 151-152

External links

• Iredale, T. (1915). A commentary on Suter's Manual of the New Zealand Mollusca. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 47: 417-497
• Kuroda, T. & Habe, T. (1954). On some Japanese Mollusca described by A. Adams, whose specimens are deposited in the Redpath Museum of Canada (No. 1). Venus. 18(1): 1-16, pls 1-2.
• effreys J.G. (1862-1869). British conchology. Vol. 1: pp. cxiv + 341 (1862). Vol. 2: pp. 479 (1864). Vol. 3: pp. 394 (1865). Vol. 4: pp. 487 (1867). Vol. 5: pp. 259 (1869). London, van Voorst.
• Ponder, W.F. (1994).The anatomy relationships of three species of vitrinelliform gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea) from Hong Kong. In: Proceedings of the Third International workshop on the malacofauna of Hong Kong and Southern China (Eds. Motrton, B.). The malacofauna of Hong Kong and southern China III, pp243-281. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong

Wikidata ☰ Q5121713 entry