Biology:Crocothemis

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Crocothemis is a genus of dragonflies in the Libellulidae family,[1] subfamily Sympetrinae (darters). Various species of this genus occur in southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and the Southwest Pacific. They are generally small to medium-sized dragonflies.

These dragonflies are often noticed due to their colours. Males are generally very brightly coloured, ranging from totally red in several species, to the rich blue of Australia's C. nigrifrons. As with many Libellulid species, the females tend to be dull brown or orange.

Like most libellulids they tend to perch on sticks, reeds or stones near water, flying out to catch insects then returning to their perch.

Etymology

The genus name Crocothemis is derived from the Greek κρόκος (krokos, "crocus", the source of saffron) and -themis, from Greek Θέμις (Themis), the goddess of divine law, order and justice. In early odonate taxonomy, names ending in -themis were introduced by Hagen and were widely used for dragonflies. The name refers to the amber colouration at the base of the wings.[2]

Species

The genus contains the following species:[3]

Male Female Scientific name Common name Distribution
Crocothemis brevistigma Pinhey, 1961 Spotted Scarlet Ikelenge, Mwinilunga, Zambia
Crocothemis chaldaeorum Morton, 1920 Bahrain; Iran; Iraq; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait
120x120px 120px Crocothemis divisa Karsch, 1898 divisa scarlet, slender scarlet, slender scarlet-darter[4] tropical Sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar
120px 120px Crocothemis erythraea (Brullé, 1832) scarlet darter,[5] broad scarlet[6] southern Europe and throughout Africa, western Asia as far as southern China
120px 120px Crocothemis nigrifrons (Kirby, 1894) black-headed skimmer[7] Australia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands.
120px Crocothemis sanguinolenta (Burmeister, 1839) little scarlet, slim scarlet-darter, small scarlet[8] Africa south of the Sahara (including Madagascar), in the Levant, and in the south of the Arabian Peninsula.
120x120px Crocothemis saxicolor Ris, 1921 granite scarlet[9] Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, possibly Liberia, and possibly Sierra Leone.
120px 120px Crocothemis servilia (Drury, 1773) scarlet skimmer,[10] oriental scarlet[11] east and southeast Asia
Crocothemis striata Lohmann, 1981 Black-legged Scarlet Madagascar

References

  1. ↑ "Genus Crocothemis Brauer, 1868". Australian Biological Resources Study. 2012. https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Crocothemis. 
  2. ↑ Endersby, Ian; Fliedner, Heinrich (2015). The Naming of Australia's Dragonflies. Eltham, Victoria, Australia: Busybird Publishing. ISBN 9781925260625. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283318421_The_Naming_of_Australia's_Dragonflies. 
  3. ↑ "World Odonata List". University of Puget Sound. https://www.pugetsound.edu/academics/academic-resources/slater-museum/biodiversity-resources/dragonflies/world-odonata-list2/. 
  4. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Crocothemis divisa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59858A84817145.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/59858/84817145. Retrieved 12 November 2021. 
  5. ↑ "Checklist of UK Species". British Dragonfly Society. http://www.british-dragonflies.org.uk/content/uk-species. 
  6. ↑ "Checklist, English common names". DragonflyPix.com. http://www.dragonflypix.com/checklist.html. 
  7. ↑ Günther Theischinger; John Hawking (2006). The complete field guide to dragonflies of Australia. CSIRO Publishing. ISBN 0-643-09073-8. 
  8. ↑ Boudot, J.-P.; Clausnitzer, V.; Schneider, W.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B.; Samraoui, B. (2016). "Crocothemis sanguinolenta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59860A84816724.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/59860/84816724. Retrieved 12 November 2021. 
  9. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2010). "Crocothemis saxicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T59861A12104120.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/59861/12104120. Retrieved 12 November 2021. 
  10. ↑ Dunkle, Sidney W. (2000). Dragonflies through binoculars. OUP USA. ISBN 0-19-511268-7. 
  11. ↑ Dow, R.A. (2017). "Crocothemis servilia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T163607A80679957.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/163607/80679957. Retrieved 12 November 2021. 

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Wikidata ☰ Q137359 entry



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