Biology:Cypripedium macranthos
| Cypripedium macranthos | |
|---|---|
| File:Cypripedium macranthos ’-1905 Kawai’ Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21 251 (1800) (49944351718).jpg | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cypripedioideae |
| Genus: | Cypripedium |
| Species: | C. macranthos
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| Binomial name | |
| Cypripedium macranthos | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Cypripedium macranthos, commonly known as the large-flowered cypripedium or da hua shao lan (Chinese: 大花杓兰),[3] is a species of orchid native to Russia and East Asia.
Distribution and habitat
Cypripedium macranthos has a widespread distribution across Russia (European Russia and Siberia), Kazakhstan, Mongolia (Huvsgul, Hentii, Mongol Daguur, and Khyangan), Japan, Korea, China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, and Shandong provinces) and Taiwan. It may also be found in Belarus and Ukraine, but this has not been confirmed. It grows in a variety of habitats from sea level to 2,400 m (7,900 ft) above sea level, including meadows, forests, woodland edges, scrub, riparian areas, and grassy slopes. It prefers well-drained, humus-rich soils but tolerates both acidic and alkaline substrates. Though it prefers slightly shaded areas, it will also grow in more open habitat.[1]
Description
Cypripedium macranthos is a herbaceous plant growing 25–50 cm (9.8–19.7 in) tall. The upright stem arises from a short, thick rhizome with several sheaths near the base. Each plant has three to four elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate leaves, each measuring 10–15 cm (3.9–5.9 in) by 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in). The inflorescence typically bears a single red, pink, or purple flower. Rarely, two flowers may be present, or the flower may be white in colour. The dorsal sepal is ovate-elliptic with a pointed tip, measuring 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in) by 2.5–3 cm (0.98–1.18 in). The synsepal is ovate with a slightly two-loved tip, measuring 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) 1.5–2 cm (0.59–0.79 in). The petals are lanceolate and each measure 4.5–6 cm (1.8–2.4 in) by 1.5–2.5 cm (0.59–0.98 in). The labellum measures 4.5–5.5 cm (1.8–2.2 in) and is deeply pouched, with a small opening measuring 1.5 cm (0.59 in) across. The fruit is an ellipsoid capsule measuring approximately 4 cm (1.6 in) long.Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
Cypripedium × ventricosum is a naturally occurring hybrid between C. macranthos and C. calceolus.[3][4]
Conservation status
Cypripedium macranthos is listed as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in light of its large distribution and low risk of extinction, however, the population is declining. The abundance of C. macranthos has been significantly reduced in the last few decades due to climate change, deforestation, erosion, overgrazing, poaching, tourism, and urbanization. It is collected for use as an ornamental plant and for use in traditional medicine.[1]
C. macranthos is conserved ex situ in many botanic gardens, and international trade of the species is regulated under Appendix II of the CITES treaty.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Rankou, H. (2014). "Cypripedium macranthos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T43316741A43327679.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/43316741/43327679. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ↑ "Cypripedium macranthos Sw.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:625835-1.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedFoC - ↑ "Cypripedium × ventricosum Sw.". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:626003-1.
External links
Data related to Cypripedium macranthos at Wikispecies
Wikidata ☰ Q1315287 entry
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