Biology:Cystobasidium
| Cystobasidium | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Cystobasidiomycetes |
| Order: | Cystobasidiales |
| Family: | Cystobasidiaceae |
| Genus: | Cystobasidium (Lagerh.) Neuhoff (1924) |
| Type species | |
| Cystobasidium lasioboli (Lagerh.) Neuhoff (1924)
| |
Cystobasidium is a genus of fungi in the order Cystobasidiales. The type species is a fungal parasite forming small gelatinous basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on various ascomycetous fungi (including Lasiobolus and Thelebolus spp) on dung.[1] Microscopically, it has auricularioid (laterally septate) basidia producing basidiospores that germinate by budding off yeast cells. Other species are known only from their yeast states.[2] The yeasts Cystobasidium minutum and C. calyptogenae are rare but known human pathogens.[3][4]
Taxonomy
The genus was originally described in 1898 by Swedish mycologist Gustaf Lagerheim as a subgenus of Jola[5] and later (1924) raised to a full genus by German mycologist Walther Neuhoff. Its main distinguishing feature (microscopically) was the swollen, cyst-like probasidia from which the basidia emerge.[5] Only one species, Cystobasidium lasioboli, was originally described, but two further species with probasidia were added by subsequent authors. In 1999, British mycologist Peter Roberts noted that Tremella fimetaria Schum. (1803) was an earlier name for Cystobasidium lasioboli and proposed the new combination Cystobasidium fimetarium.[1]
Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that Cystobasidium (based on the type species) is a monophyletic (natural) genus. An additional 20 or so yeast species have been added to the genus, most of which were formerly placed in Rhodotorula.[6][2][7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Roberts PJ (1999). "New British Records 164. Cystobasidium fimetarium (Schum.) P. Roberts comb. nov.". Mycologist 13: 171. doi:10.1016/S0269-915X(99)80105-0.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wang, Q.-M.; Yurkov, A.M.; Göker, M.; Lumbsch, H.T.; Leavitt, S.D.; Groenewald, M.; Theelen, B.; Liu, X.Z. et al. (2015). "Phylogenetic classification of yeasts and related taxa within Pucciniomycotina.". Studies in Mycology 81: 149–189. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2015.12.002. PMID 26951631.
- ↑ "Bloodstream infection of a cancer patient by Cystobasidium minutum: A case report and literature review". Mycopathologia 185 (2): 395–398. 2020. doi:10.1007/s11046-019-00415-x. PMID 31897974.
- ↑ "First isolation and identification of Cystobasidium calyptogenae from the oral samples of an elderly patient presenting with angular cheilitis". Eur J Med Res 27 (1): 277. 2022. doi:10.1186/s40001-022-00884-9. PMID 36471451.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lagerheim G (1898). "Mykologische Studien 1: Beitrage zur Kenntnis der parasitischen Pilze, 1-3". Bih. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. (Afd III) 24 (4): 1-21, 3p1.
- ↑ "Two yeast species Cystobasidium psychroaquaticum f.a. sp. nov. and Cystobasidium rietchieii f.a. sp. nov. isolated from natural environments, and the transfer of Rhodotorula minuta clade members to the genus Cystobasidium". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 107 (1): 173–185. 2015. doi:10.1007/s10482-014-0315-0. PMID 25367339.
- ↑ "Diversity and phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts from plant leaves and soil: Proposal of two new orders, three new families, eight new genera and one hundred and seven new species". Studies in Mycology 96: 17–140. 2020. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.002. PMID 32206137.
Wikidata ☰ Q10465217 entry
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