Biology:Daphnis hypothous
| Jade hawkmoth | |
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| Live adult | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Sphingidae |
| Genus: | Daphnis |
| Species: | D. hypothous
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| Binomial name | |
| Daphnis hypothous (Cramer, 1780)[1]
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| Synonyms | |
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Daphnis hypothous, the jade hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae described by Pieter Cramer in 1780. It is known from Sri Lanka, southern and northern India , Nepal, Myanmar, southern China , Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It is a rare vagrant to the Western Palaearctic realm.[2] During the last hundred years a number have been discovered within the Middle East and one was even found in Scotland late in the 20th century but this was probably imported as a pupa with cargo.[3]
Description
The wingspan is 86–120 mm. It is a very fast flyer and is attracted to both sweet-smelling flowers and light. It differs from Daphnis nerii in having the head and collar uniformly dark purplish brown. Thorax and first two abdominal segments are dark green with a white fringe to the first segment. Other abdominal segments are dark olive green with the streaks and spots as in D. nerii.[4]
Wings are similar to D. nerii but very much darker on both dorsal and ventral side. A white spot is present at the apex of forewing and at the end of cell of forewing ventral side.
Larva is green with yellow dots at its sides. There is a dark dorsal line, a subdorsal purple-red band, edged with yellow on thoracic somites and a blue ocellus on the third somite. Horn is purplish brown with white tubercles. Before changing to pupa, the larva becomes blotched with dark red.[5]
Larvae have been recorded feeding on Rubiaceae species, including Cinchona, Wendlandia and Uncaria species in India. Most instars are green with a brown backward-curving tailhorn and a pair of white or red and yellow dorso-lateral stripes. Some instars have various coloured markings along the sides, including a blue eyespot on each side of the metathorax. The final instar is reddish brown.[6]
Caterpillars can be found on Breonia, Cinchona, Ixora, Pavetta, Uncaria, Wendlandia and Alstonia plants.[6]
Daphnis hypothous hypothous ♂
Daphnis hypothous hypothous ♂ △
Daphnis hypothous hypothous ♀
Daphnis hypothous hypothous ♀ △
Subspecies
- Daphnis hypothous hypothous (Indonesia including the Andaman Islands and Seram)
- Daphnis hypothous crameri Eitschberger & Melichar, 2010 (South and South-East Asia)
Gallery
from Laos
Caterpillar
ssp. crameri
yellow-brown form
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Related species
- Daphnis nerii, white spot is absent at the apex of forewing.
References
- ↑ "CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience - Sphingidae". Cate-sphingidae.org. Archived from the original on 2012-10-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20121026040253/https://www.cate-sphingidae.org/taxonomy/Daphnis/hypothous.html. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
- ↑ Pittaway, A. R.; Kitching, I. J. (2018). "Daphnis hypothous crameri Eitschberger & Melichar, 2010 -- Jade hawkmoth". http://tpittaway.tripod.com/china/d_hyp.htm. Retrieved December 15, 2018.
- ↑ Pittaway, A. R. (2018). "Daphnis hypothous (Cramer, 1780)". http://tpittaway.tripod.com/sphinx/d_hyp.htm. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
- ↑ Hampson, G. F. (1892). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths Volume I. Taylor and Francis. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/180068#page/5/mode/1up.
- ↑ "Daphnis hypothous Cramer". http://www.mothsofborneo.com/part-3/sphingidae/sphingidae_19_1.php. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Herbison-Evans, Don; Crossley, Stella (27 November 2015). "Daphnis hypothous (Cramer, 1780)". http://lepidoptera.butterflyhouse.com.au/sphi/hypothous.html. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
External links
- Daphnis hypothous hypothous Sphingidae of the Eastern Palaearctic
Wikidata ☰ Q138266 entry
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