Biology:Deepwater ray
| Deepwater ray | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Superorder: | Batoidea |
| Order: | Rajiformes |
| Family: | Rajidae |
| Genus: | Rajella |
| Species: | R. bathyphila
|
| Binomial name | |
| Rajella bathyphila (Holt & Byrne, 1908)
| |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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The deepwater ray (Rajella bathyphila), also called the deepwater skate or abyssal skate,[3][4] is a species of skate in the family Rajidae.[5][6][7][8]
Distribution
The deepwater ray is bathydemersal; it has been recorded at 600–2,300 m (2,000–7,500 ft), mostly below 1,300–1,400 m (4,300–4,600 ft). It has been found in seas worldwide, concentrated in the North Atlantic, living on continental slopes and abyssal plains.[9][10]
Description
Like all rays, the deepwater ray has a flattened body with broad, wing-like pectoral fins. The dorsal surface of adults is white.[11] The outer edges of pectoral and pelvic fins shade to darker.[9] The upper surface is spinulose, but there are bare patches in the centre of the pectoral fins and on sides of body in adult males.[12]
Its maximum length is 90 cm (3.0 ft).[9]
Behaviour
Juveniles feed on small benthic invertebrates, while larger deepwater rays feed on larger invertebrates and fish.[13] It is parasitised by Echeneibothrium bathyphilum, a cestode tapeworm of the order Rhinebothriidea.[14]
Life cycle
The deepwater ray is oviparous. The eggs have horn-like projections on the shell. Paired eggs are laid, with embryos feed solely on yolk.
See also
References
- ↑ Stehmann, M. (December 1, 2008). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Rajella bathyphila". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. https://www.iucnredlist.org/en.
- ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Rajella bathyphila (Holt & Byrne, 1908)". http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=105892.
- ↑ Coad, Brian W.; Reist, James D. (January 1, 2018). Marine Fishes of Arctic Canada. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9781442647107. https://books.google.com/books?id=cu9ADwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Rajella+bathyphila%22%2C&pg=PA610.
- ↑ "Rajella bathyphila | Shark-References". https://shark-references.com/species/view/Rajella-bathyphila.
- ↑ "Taxonomy browser (Rajella bathyphila)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=906900&lvl=0.
- ↑ "Mindat.org". https://www.mindat.org/taxon-2420401.html.
- ↑ Last, Peter; Naylor, Gavin; Séret, Bernard; White, William; Stehmann, Matthias; Carvalho, Marcelo de (December 1, 2016). Rays of the World. Csiro Publishing. ISBN 9780643109155. https://books.google.com/books?id=n82sDQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Rajella+bathyphila%22%2C&pg=PT1545.
- ↑ Ebert, David A.; Sulikowski, James (December 25, 2008). Biology of Skates. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781402097034. https://books.google.com/books?id=q4MpUj5qd-0C&dq=%22Rajella+bathyphila%22%2C&pg=PA15.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Rajella bathyphila, Deep-water ray". https://www.fishbase.se/summary/8935.
- ↑ Carrier, Jeffrey C.; Musick, John A.; Heithaus, Michael R. (March 9, 2010). Sharks and Their Relatives II: Biodiversity, Adaptive Physiology, and Conservation. CRC Press. ISBN 9781420080483. https://books.google.com/books?id=VioW40mAljUC&dq=%22Rajella+bathyphila%22%2C&pg=PA102.
- ↑ Ebert, David A.; Dando, Marc (December 8, 2020). Field Guide to Sharks, Rays & Chimaeras of Europe and the Mediterranean. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691211824. https://books.google.com/books?id=rvjqDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Rajella+bathyphila%22%2C&pg=PA131.
- ↑ "Marine Species Identification Portal : Deepwater ray - Raja bathyphila". http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=fnam&id=1048.
- ↑ "Species: Rajella bathyphila (Deep-water skate) Justification". https://shkola.of.by/species-rajella-bathyphila-deep-water-skate-justification.html.
- ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Rajella bathyphila (Holt & Byrne, 1908)". http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=105892#notes.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q3015710 entry
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