Biology:Dimorphorchis
Dimorphorchis is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains 9 species, which are native to Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Solomon Islands, and Brunei.[1] It is remarkable for its two flower morphs present on the same plant.[2]
Description
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Vegetative characteristics
Its species are epiphytic, monopodial herbs with large, pendulous,[3] spreading, or erect[4] up to 200 cm long stems.[5] The basal part of the stem bears roots.[4] The distichously arranged,[4][3] coriaceous,[3] linear[4] up to 70 cm long leaves[5] have an unequally bilobed to acute apex.[4]
Generative characteristics
The long,[6] glabrous[4] or pubescent,[4][6] pendent or erect, racemose or paniculate,[4] up to 3 metres long inflorescences[5] bear dimorphic (heteranthous)[2][5] or not dimorphic,[4] bisexual flowers.[5][7] The 2-3 flowers closest to the base of the inflorescence are strongly fragrant, slightly smaller, and of a different colour compared to the rest of the flowers, which are unscented and have wavy petals.[5] The four pollinia with an elliptic viscidium are grouped in two pairs.[4] It is unknown how the genus is pollinated.[4][5]
Taxonomy
It was published by Robert Allen Rolfe in 1919[2][8] with Dimorphorchis lowii (Benth. & Hook. f.) Rolfe as the type species.[9]
Species
It has nine species:[1]
- Dimorphorchis beccarii (Rchb.f.) Kocyan & Schuit.
- Dimorphorchis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit.
- Dimorphorchis celebica (Schltr.) Ormerod
- Dimorphorchis graciliscapa (A.Lamb & Shim) P.J.Cribb
- Dimorphorchis lowii (Lindl.) Rolfe
- Dimorphorchis lyonii (Ames) Ormerod
- Dimorphorchis rohaniana (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb
- Dimorphorchis rossii Fowlie
- Dimorphorchis tenomensis (A.Lamb) P.J.Cribb
Phylogenetic relationships
Within the subtribe Aeridinae, it is the sistergroup to Thrixspermum.[6]
Etymology
The generic name Dimorphorchis references the characteristic two flower morphs preset within the same plant.[2]
Ecology
Habitat
It can grow as a lithophyte or epiphyte in rainforests.[10]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Dimorphorchis Rolfe" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/29278-1. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 The Orchid review (Vol. 27, Issues 321–322, p. 149). (1893). Orchid Review ltd.]. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37102243
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Teoh, E. S., & Teoh, E. S. (2021). Dimorphorchis Rolfe. Orchid Species from Himalaya and Southeast Asia Vol. 1 (A-E), 465-470.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 Pridgeon, A. M., Cribb, P. J., Chase, M. W., & Rasmussen, F. N. (2014). Genera Orchidacearum volume 6: Epidendroideae (Part 3). pp. 172–175. OUP Oxford.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Wood, Jeffrey (2005). "518. Dimorphorchis rossii var. graciliscapa: Orchidaceae". Curtis's Botanical Magazine 22 (1): 42–46. ISSN 1355-4905. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45066086.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Zou, L. H., Huang, J. X., Zhang, G. Q., Liu, Z. J., & Zhuang, X. Y. (2015). A molecular phylogeny of Aeridinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) inferred from multiple nuclear and chloroplast regions. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 85, 247-254.
- ↑ Hutton, R. (2011). Dimorphorchis – Borneo beauties. The New Zealand Internet Orchid Review, 16, 26. http://www.orchidcouncil.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Issue-16-final.pdf
- ↑ Dimorphorchis Rolfe. (n.d.). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from https://www.ipni.org/n/29278-1
- ↑ Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-d). Dimorphorchis Rolfe. Tropicos. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/40031513
- ↑ Ormerod, P. (2013). A new, orange-flowered Dimorphorchis from Maluku, Indonesia. Malesian Orchid Journal, 12, 33-37.
External links
Data related to Dimorphorchis at Wikispecies
Wikidata ☰ Q1621777 entry
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