Biology:Distichodus

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Distichodus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Distichodontidae, native to Africa. Distichodus of all sizes feed on plant matter, consuming both periphyton and macrophytes (such as Echinochloa pyramidalis), though some species such as D. lusosso are generalists, also feeding on aquatic invertebrates and fish. Some dietary shift is seen between the wet and dry seasons.[1]

Species

Distichodus contains the following valid species:[2]

  • Distichodus affinis Günther, 1873 (Silver distichodus)
  • Distichodus altus Boulenger, 1899
  • Distichodus antonii Schilthuis, 1891
  • Distichodus atroventralis Boulenger, 1898
  • Distichodus decemmaculatus Pellegrin, 1926 (Dwarf distichodus)
  • Distichodus engycephalus Günther, 1864
  • Distichodus fasciolatus Boulenger, 1898 (Sharktail distichodus)
  • Distichodus hypostomatus Pellegrin, 1900
  • Distichodus ingae Moelants & Snoeks, 2018
  • Distichodus kasaiensis Vreven, Moelants & Snoeks, 2018
  • Distichodus kolleri Holly 1926
  • Distichodus langi Nichols & Griscom, 1917
  • Distichodus lusosso Schilthuis, 1891 (Longsnout distichodus)
  • Distichodus maculatus Boulenger, 1898 (Spotted citharinid)
  • Distichodus mbiniensis Schmidt, Knobloch & Barrientos, 2021
  • Distichodus microps Schmidt, Knobloch & Barrientos, 2021
  • Distichodus mossambicus Peters, 1852 (Nkupe)
  • Distichodus nefasch (Bonnaterre, 1788)
  • Distichodus noboli Boulenger, 1899
  • Distichodus notospilus Günther, 1867
  • Distichodus petersii Pfeffer, 1896
  • Distichodus polli Abwe, Snoeks, Manda & Vreven, 2019.
  • Distichodus rostratus Günther, 1864
  • Distichodus rufigiensis Norman, 1922 (Grass eater)
  • Distichodus schenga Peters, 1852 (Chessa)
  • Distichodus sexfasciatus Boulenger, 1897 (Banded distichodus)
  • Distichodus teugelsi Mamonekene & Vreven 2008

The following cladogram is based on a 2020 phylogenetic study of Distichodus genetics:[3]

 

Paradistichodus dimidiatus

 
Distichodus
 
 

Distichodus hypostomatus

 
 
 

Distichodus maculatus

 
 
 
 
 

Distichodus notospilus

 
 

Distichodus kolleri

 
 
 
 

Distichodus affinis

 
 

Distichodus altus

 
 
 
 
 

Distichodus noboli

 
 
 

Distichodus teugelsi

 
 
 

Distichodus teugelsi

 
 

Distichodus decemmaculatus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Distichodus petersii

 
 
 

Distichodus nefasch

 
 

Distichodus rostratus

 
 
 
 
 

Distichodus engycephalus

 
 
 
 

Distichodus fasciolatus

 
 
 

Distichodus fasciolatus

 
 

Distichodus schenga

 
 
 
 
 

Distichodus atroventralis

 
 
 

Distichodus lusosso

 
 
 

Distichodus kasaiensis

 
 
 

Distichodus antonii

 
 

Distichodus sexfasciatus

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References

Wikidata ☰ Q2723585 entry