Biology:Eatoniella mortoni
| Eatoniella mortoni | |
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_mortoni_(Ponder,_1965)_(AM_MA71262).jpg)
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| Holotype of Eatoniella mortoni from Auckland War Memorial Museum | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Littorinimorpha |
| Family: | Eatoniellidae |
| Genus: | Eatoniella |
| Species: | E. mortoni
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| Binomial name | |
| Eatoniella mortoni Ponder, 1965
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Eatoniella mortoni is a species of marine gastropod mollusc in the family Eatoniellidae.[1] First described by Winston Ponder in 1965, it is endemic to the waters of New Zealand. The species has been used to study the effects of ocean acidification, as it is known to thrive in carbon dioxide-rich environments.
Taxonomy
The species was described as Eatoniella (Dardanula) mortoni in 1965 by Winston Ponder, who named it after New Zealand biologist John Morton. Morton had assisted Ponder during his early investigations into the species.[2] Ponder synonymised several previously-named genera, including Iredale's 1915 genus Dardanula, which was retained as a subgenus of Eatoniella.[2]
Description
Eatoniella mortoni has a solid, conical, smooth shell. The shells are widely variable in colour, from purple-tinted dark grey to pale yellow-grey.[2] The species measures 1.85 millimetres by 1.13 millimetres.[3]
Distribution
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The species is endemic to New Zealand.[1] The holotype was collected by Ponder himself on 11 December 1961, at Days Bay in Wellington.[4] The species is known to occur on both coasts of the North Island and South Island.[5][2][6][7] In addition, the species can be found on the Chatham Islands[2] and the volcanic island Whakaari / White Island.[8]
Typically the species can be found on algae at low tide,[2] and underneath intertidal rocks,[5] and often lives on kelp species such as Ecklonia radiata.[9]
Ocean acidification studies
Eatoniella mortoni has been used as a species to study ocean acidification, as the species benefits from living in carbon dioxide-rich environments and remains localised,[9][10][11][12] especially specimens sourced from the volcanic island Whakaari / White Island, due to their lifetime exposure to carbon dioxide vents.[13] Eatoniella mortoni can produce more crystalline, durable and less porous shells at natural carbon dioxide vents.[14]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Eatoniella mortoni Ponder, 1965". MolluscaBase. World Register of Marine Species. 2022. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=598444.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 , p. 85, Wikidata Q58676802
- ↑ "Eatoniella mortoni". http://www.mollusca.co.nz/speciesdetail.php?taxa=2807.
- ↑ Blom, Wilma (2022). "Fossil and Recent molluscan types in the Auckland War Memorial Museum. Part 4: Gastropoda (Caenogastropoda – Neocyclotidae to Epitoniidae). [Cyclophoroidea, Cerithioidea, Littorinimorpha"]. Records of the Auckland Museum 56 (55): 39–62. doi:10.32912/ram.2020.55.7. ISSN 2422-8567. https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/getmedia/3c274c3f-ff0c-4aa3-8467-bb5ae02261d6/ram_2020_blom. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hayward, Bruce; Morley, Margaret (2004). "Intertidal Life Around the Coast of the Waitakere Ranges, Auckland". Auckland Regional Council. http://www.aucklandcity.govt.nz/council/documents/technicalpublications/TP298_Int_life_Waitaks_PartA.pdf.
- ↑ "Eatoniella mortoni". Auckland War Memorial Museum. https://www.aucklandmuseum.com/collections-research/collections/record/am_naturalsciences-object-244773.
- ↑ "marine snail, Eatoniella mortoni Ponder, 1965". Te Papa. https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/object/393885.
- ↑ "marine snail, Eatoniella mortoni Ponder, 1965". Te Papa. https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/object/269448.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Leung, Jonathan Y. S.; Doubleday, Zoë A.; Nagelkerken, Ivan; Chen, Yujie; Xie, Zonghan; Connell, Sean D. (10 July 2019). "How calorie-rich food could help marine calcifiers in a CO2-rich future". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286 (1906): 20190757. doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0757. PMID 31288703.
- ↑ Doubleday, Zoë A.; Nagelkerken, Ivan; Coutts, Madeleine D.; Goldenberg, Silvan U.; Connell, Sean D. (2019). "A triple trophic boost: How carbon emissions indirectly change a marine food chain". Global Change Biology 25 (3): 978–984. doi:10.1111/gcb.14536. ISSN 1365-2486. PMID 30500999. Bibcode: 2019GCBio..25..978D. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/gcb.14536. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
- ↑ Connell, Sean D.; Doubleday, Zoë A.; Hamlyn, Sarah B.; Foster, Nicole R.; Harley, Christopher D. G.; Helmuth, Brian; Kelaher, Brendan P.; Nagelkerken, Ivan et al. (6 February 2017). "How ocean acidification can benefit calcifiers". Current Biology 27 (3): –95–R96. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.12.004. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 28171763.
- ↑ Doubleday, Zoë A.; Nagelkerken, Ivan; Connell, Sean D. (23 October 2017). "Ocean life breaking rules by building shells in acidic extremes". Current Biology 27 (20): –1104–R1106. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.057. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 29065288.
- ↑ Leung, Jonathan Y. S.; Chen, Yujie; Nagelkerken, Ivan; Zhang, Sam; Xie, Zonghan; Connell, Sean D. (2020). "Calcifiers can Adjust Shell Building at the Nanoscale to Resist Ocean Acidification". Small 16 (37): 2003186. doi:10.1002/smll.202003186. ISSN 1613-6829. PMID 32776486. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/smll.202003186. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
- ↑ Leung, Jonathan Y. S.; Zhang, Sam; Connell, Sean D. (2022). "Is Ocean Acidification Really a Threat to Marine Calcifiers? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 980+ Studies Spanning Two Decades". Small 18 (35): 2107407. doi:10.1002/smll.202107407. ISSN 1613-6829. PMID 35934837. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/smll.202107407. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
Wikidata ☰ Q6783426 entry
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