Biology:Elephantopus scaber

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Short description: Species of flowering plant

Elephantopus scaber
Elephantopus scaber in Narshapur forest, AP W2 IMG 0829.jpg
Elephantopus scaber in India
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Elephantopus
Species:
E. scaber
Binomial name
Elephantopus scaber
Synonyms[1]
  • Elephantopus carolinensis G.Mey.
  • Elephantopus sordidus Salisb.
  • Scabiosa cochinchinensis Lour.
  • Elephantopus plurisetus (O.Hoffm.) Clonts, syn of subsp. plurisetus
  • Elephantopus sinuatus Zoll. & Moritzi, syn of var. sinuatus
  • Asterocephalus cochinchinensis Sprengel

Elephantopus scaber is a tropical species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to tropical Africa, Eastern Asia, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia . It has become naturalized in tropical Africa and Latin America. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8]

Uses

Elephantopus scaber is used as a traditional medicine.[9] Different parts of the plant are used in traditional medicine of India as an astringent agent, cardiac tonic, and diuretic, and is used for eczema, rheumatism, fever, and bladder stones.[10] E. scaber modulates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the production of TNFα and IL-1β.[11]

Chemical constituents

Elephantopus scaber contains elephantopin which is a germacranolide sesquiterpene lactone containing two lactone rings and an epoxide functional group.[12][13] 17,19-Dihydrodeoxyelephantopin, iso-17,19- dihydro-deoxy elephantopin and 8-hydroxyl naringenin are the most important bioactive compounds responsible for anti-bacterial activity.[citation needed] By UPLC MS Q-TOF, 34 components were identified.[11]

Subspecies and varieties

Varieties of E. scaber include:[1]

  • Elephantopus scaber subsp. plurisetus (O.Hoffm.) Philipson
  • Elephantopus scaber subsp. scaber
  • Elephantopus scaber var. scaber
  • Elephantopus scaber var. sinuatus (Mor.) Miq.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 The Plant List, Elephantopus scaber L.
  2. ↑ Flora of China, 地胆草 di dan cao Elephantopus scaber Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 814. 1753.
  3. ↑ "Atlas of Living Australia, Elephantopus scaber L.". http://bie.ala.org.au/species/urn:lsid:biodiversity.org.au:apni.taxon:630174. 
  4. ↑ Breedlove, D.E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Florísticos de México 4: i–v, 1–246.
  5. ↑ Humbert, H. 1960. Composées. Fl. Madagasc. 189: 198-199 description in French
  6. ↑ Humbert, H. 1960. Composées. Fl. Madagasc. 189: plate I (1), figures 10-12 at right line drawings of Elephantopus scaber
  7. ↑ Jeffrey, C. 1988. Notes on Compositae: V. The Vernonieae in East Tropical Africa. Kew Bulletin 43(2): 195–277.
  8. ↑ Nelson, C. H. 2008. Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Honduras 1–1576. Secretaria de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Tegucigalpa.
  9. ↑ Poli, A; Nicolau, M; Simoes, Cm; Nicolau, Rm; Zanin, M (Aug 1992). "Preliminary pharmacologic evaluation of crude whole plant extracts of Elephantopus scaber. Part I: in vivo studies". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 37 (1): 71–6. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(92)90005-C. ISSN 0378-8741. PMID 1453704. 
  10. ↑ Wang, Limei; Waltenberger, Birgit; Pferschy-Wenzig, Eva-Maria; Blunder, Martina; Liu, Xin; Malainer, Clemens; Blazevic, Tina; Schwaiger, Stefan et al. (2014). "Natural product agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ): A review". Biochemical Pharmacology 92 (1): 73–89. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2014.07.018. PMID 25083916. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Abhimannue, Anu P.; Mohan, Mohind C.; B, Prakash Kumar (13 February 2016). "Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Monocytes by Methanolic Extract of Elephantopus scaber Linn and Identification of Bioactive Components". Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 179 (3): 427–443. doi:10.1007/s12010-016-2004-0. PMID 26875087. 
  12. ↑ "Antitumor activity of elephantopus scaber linn against dalton's ascitis lymphoma". Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 64 (1): 71–3. Jan–Feb 2002. http://medind.nic.in/imvw/imvw282.html. 
  13. ↑ {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Elephantopus scaber | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 7 May 2011 }}

Wikidata ☰ Q1039719 entry




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